Lack of evidence that nephrolithiasis increases the risk of sialolithiasis: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort

Systemic risk factors contributing to sialolithiasis: a big-data retrospective analysis

AIMS

To investigate systemic risk factors contributing to the formation of sialolithiasis.

METHODS

A retrospective big-data cohort study was conducted using data from Clalit HMO in Israel. Sialolithiasis patients were identified based on ICD-10 codes and matched with controls. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between systemic conditions and sialolithiasis. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS

5100 sialolithiasis cases were collected. The statistical analysis revealed that hypertension (OR = 1.14, 1.08-1.24, p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.33, 1.27-1.41, p < 0.001), nephrolithiasis (OR = 1.55, 1.42-1.63, p < 0.001) and cholelithiasis (OR = 1.22, 1.16-1.27, p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with sialolithiasis.

CONCLUSIONS

Systemic diseases, particularly dyslipidemia, play a role in the development of sialolithiasis. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms linking these conditions and to develop targeted strategies for the prevention of sialolithiasis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This study highlights the potential interplay between systemic conditions and sialolithiasis. Recognizing these associations can inform clinical practice in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease, risk assessment, early diagnosis, and preventive measures.

What is the impact of previous cholelithiasis on sialolithiasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction

A sialolith is a salivary stone usually presenting with swelling and pain in the affected salivary gland, most commonly the submandibular gland. There have been speculations about the association between this condition and other systemic diseases, especially those forming stones, such as nephrolithiasis and cholelithiasis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the studies assessing the relationship between cholelithiasis and sialolithiasis.

Methods

PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase electronic databases were searched according to the keywords related to both disorders without any publication date or language restriction. Case-control and cohort studies evaluating the relationship between salivary and biliary stones were considered eligible. Quality assessment was performed following Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for quality assessment of case-control studies. All meta and statistical analyses were performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.

Results

Two studies fully complied with the defined eligibility criteria and were included, both of which were case-control studies using national-scale databases. In both surveys, the prevalence of previous gallstones in patients with sialolithiasis was compared to that of a control group. Though one of the studies found that there is no relationship between sialolithiasis and cholelithiasis, the meta-analysis revealed that previous cholelithiasis is significantly more prevalent among patients with sialolithiasis (P = 0.000), with an odds ratio of 2.04.

Conclusion

It seems that cholelithiasis is significantly associated with an increase in salivary stone formation. Therefore, a thorough salivary examination in all patients declaring current or past cholelithiasis is recommended. However, more studies, especially prospective cohorts, are needed to make firmer conclusions.

Multiple Faces of Cervical Lesions in Children

Pediatric sialolithiasis is a rare condition causing tumefaction, induration, redness, and pain of the affected gland. When the submandibular gland is involved, the lesion can be mistaken for an adenopathy. As there are few studies to elucidate this condition in children, we present a rare case of a 16-year-old female with suggestive symptoms, in which initial clinical examination and two ultrasound examinations mistook the lesion for an adenopathy. A computed tomography examination was performed and the correct diagnosis was established. The patient was sent for oro-maxilo-facial examination and sialolithotomy was performed. A 10-mm yellow calculus was extracted and postoperative case evolution was favorable under wide spectrum antibiotherapy, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy and silagog alimentation. Although submandibular adenopathies are much more frequent in the pediatric age group, when faced with a firm, immobile submandibular lesion, the pediatrician should consider the sialolithiasis diagnosis.