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He MY, Liu M, Yuan J, Lv J, Li W, Yan Q, Tang Y, Wang L, Guo L, Liu F. Spatial transcriptomics reveals tumor microenvironment heterogeneity in EBV positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Sci Rep 2025; 15:15878. [PMID: 40335578 PMCID: PMC12058988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-00410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Accumulating research suggests that Epstein-Barr Virus-positive Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (EBV+DLBCL) is associated with immune dysfunction and tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity. While the prognostic role of the TME in EBV-DLBCL is established, its impact on EBV+DLBCL survival remains unclear. Here, we integrated 10X Visium spatial transcriptomics (ST) with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to map TME heterogeneity in EBV+DLBCL. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses identified PD-1/PD-L1 signaling as a hallmark of EBV+DLBCL's immunosuppressive TME. Functional validation using the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor BMS202 revealed dose-dependent suppression of proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in EBV+Farage cells, with TLR4 emerging as a downstream effector showing EBV-status-dependent regulation. These findings not only link TME-driven PD-1/PD-L1 activation to EBV+DLBCL's poor prognosis but also provide preclinical evidence for PD-1/PD-L1 blockade as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yao He
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Lv
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Yan
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyi Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Y, Guo W, Zhan Z, Bai O. Carcinogenic mechanisms of virus-associated lymphoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361009. [PMID: 38482011 PMCID: PMC10932979 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of lymphoma is a complex multistep process that integrates numerous experimental findings and clinical data that have not yet yielded a definitive explanation. Studies of oncogenic viruses can help to deepen insight into the pathogenesis of lymphoma, and identifying associations between lymphoma and viruses that are established and unidentified should lead to cellular and pharmacologically targeted antiviral strategies for treating malignant lymphoma. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of lymphomas associated with hepatitis B and C, Epstein-Barr, and human immunodeficiency viruses as well as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus to clarify the current status of basic information and recent advances in the development of virus-associated lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ou Bai
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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3
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Liu F, Tian S, Liu Q, Deng Y, He Q, Shi Q, Chen G, Xu X, Yuan J, Nakamura S, Karube K, Wang Z. Comparison of genomic alterations in Epstein-Barr virus-positive and Epstein-Barr virus-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6995. [PMID: 38457199 PMCID: PMC10922027 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (EBV-posDLBCL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that often presents similar morphological and immune phenotype features to that of EBV-negative DLBCL (EBV-negDLBCL). AIMS AND METHODS To better understand their difference in genomic landscape, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) of EBV-posDLBCL and EBV-negDLBCL. RESULTS This analysis revealed a new mutational signature 17 (unknown) and signature 29 (smoking) in EBV-posDLBCL as well as a specific mutational signature 24 (associated with aflatoxin) in EBV-negDLBCL. Compared with EBV-negDLBCL, more somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) and deletions were detected in EBV-posDLBCL (p = 0.01). The most frequent CNAs specifically detected in EBV-posDLBCL were gains at 9p24.1 (PDL1 and JAK2), 8q22.2-q24.23 (DEPTOR and MYC), and 7q31.31-q32.2 (MET), which were validated in additional EBV-posDLBCL cases. Overall, 53.7% (22/41) and 62.9% (22/35) of the cases expressed PD-L1 and c-MET, respectively, in neoplastic cells, whereas only 15.4% (4/26) expressed c-MYC. Neoplastic c-MET expression was positively correlated with PD-L1 (p < 0.001) and MYC expression (p = 0.016). However, EBV-posDLBCL cases did not show any differences in overall survival between PD-L1-, c-MET-, or c-MYC-positive and -negative cases or between age-related groups. Analysis of the association between somatic mutation load and EBV status showed no difference in the distribution of tumor mutant burden between the two lymphomas (p = 0.41). Recurrent mutations in EBV-posDLBCL implicated several genes, including DCAF8L1, KLF2, and NOL9, while in EBV-negDLBCL, ANK2, BPTF, and CNIH3 were more frequently mutated. Additionally, PIM1 is the most altered gene in all the WES-detected cases. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that genomic alteration differs significantly between EBV-posDLBCL and EBV-negDLBCL, and reveal new genetic alterations in EBV-posDLBCL. The positive correlation of c-MET and PD-L1/c-Myc expression may be involved in the pathogenesis of EBV-posDLBCL, which is should be explored prospectively in trials involving MET-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of PathologyThe First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Sufang Tian
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of PathologyThe First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Yuanfei Deng
- Department of PathologyThe First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Qingyan He
- Department of PathologyThe First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Qianyun Shi
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of PathologyFujian Province Cancer CenterFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Xiuli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of PathologyThe First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Clinical LaboratoriesNagoya University HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Kennosuke Karube
- Department of Pathology and Clinical LaboratoriesNagoya University HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
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4
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Li JW, Deng C, Zhou XY, Deng R. The biology and treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, NOS. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23921. [PMID: 38234917 PMCID: PMC10792184 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
EBV positive Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (EBV+DLBCL-NOS) referred to DLBCL with expression of EBV encoded RNA in tumor nucleus. EBV+DLBCL-NOS patients present with more advanced clinical stages and frequent extranodal involvement. Although rituximab-containing immunochemotherapy regimens can significantly improve outcomes in patients with EBV+DLBCL, the best first-line treatment needs to be further explored. Due to the relatively low incidence and regional variation of EBV+DLBCL-NOS, knowledge about this particular subtype of lymphoma remains limited. Some signaling pathways was abnormally activated in EBV+DLBCL-NOS, including NF-κB and JAK/STAT pathways) and other signal transduction pathways. In addition, immune processes such as interferon response, antigen-presenting system and immune checkpoint molecule abnormalities were also observed. Currently, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy and novel targeted therapeutic drugs are expected to improve the prognosis of EBV+DLBCL-NOS patients, but more studies are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Renfang Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Zhuzhou City, Zhuzhou, 412000, China
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Ross AM, Leahy CI, Neylon F, Steigerova J, Flodr P, Navratilova M, Urbankova H, Vrzalikova K, Mundo L, Lazzi S, Leoncini L, Pugh M, Murray PG. Epstein-Barr Virus and the Pathogenesis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:521. [PMID: 36836878 PMCID: PMC9967091 DOI: 10.3390/life13020521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), defined as a group I carcinogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), is present in the tumour cells of patients with different forms of B-cell lymphoma, including Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and, most recently, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Understanding how EBV contributes to the development of these different types of B-cell lymphoma has not only provided fundamental insights into the underlying mechanisms of viral oncogenesis, but has also highlighted potential new therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we describe the effects of EBV infection in normal B-cells and we address the germinal centre model of infection and how this can lead to lymphoma in some instances. We then explore the recent reclassification of EBV+ DLBCL as an established entity in the WHO fifth edition and ICC 2022 classifications, emphasising the unique nature of this entity. To that end, we also explore the unique genetic background of this entity and briefly discuss the potential role of the tumour microenvironment in lymphomagenesis and disease progression. Despite the recent progress in elucidating the mechanisms of this malignancy, much work remains to be done to improve patient stratification, treatment strategies, and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling M. Ross
- Health Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- BioScience and BioEngineering Research (BioSciBer), Bernal BioMaterials Cluster, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ciara I. Leahy
- Health Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- BioScience and BioEngineering Research (BioSciBer), Bernal BioMaterials Cluster, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Fiona Neylon
- Health Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- BioScience and BioEngineering Research (BioSciBer), Bernal BioMaterials Cluster, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jana Steigerova
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olmouc, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Flodr
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olmouc, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Navratilova
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olmouc, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Urbankova
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky Univesity and University Hospital Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Vrzalikova
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Lucia Mundo
- Health Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Leoncini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Matthew Pugh
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Paul G. Murray
- Health Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olmouc, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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He M, Liu B, Tang G, Jiao L, Liu X, Yin S, Wang T, Chen J, Gao L, Ni X, Wang L, Xu L, Yang J. B2M mutation paves the way for immune tolerance in pathogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. J Cancer 2022; 13:3615-3622. [PMID: 36606194 PMCID: PMC9809314 DOI: 10.7150/jca.75813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused genetic pathogenesis and tumor microenvironment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) in patients without immunodeficiency. DNA samples from these cases were sequenced by next generation sequencing (NGS) using a selected gene panel. Results revealed that most gene mutations were not specific for EBV positive DLBCL. However, B2M (β2-microglobulin) mutations were significantly increased and HLA-I or HLA-II expression was decreased in these cases, which was related to patient's poor outcome. B2M mutations and deregulation of B2M expression were further confirmed by Sanger sequencing and immunohistochemistry. Reducing the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes, related to decreased expression of HLA-I or HLA-II was found in these patients. These results suggest that the mutations of B2M could cause the disruption of the expression and functions of this important subunit of HLA, leading to decreased expression of HLA-I or HLA-II and subsequently to reduce T lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissues. The consequence of this event lessens the recognition and elimination of EBV+ tumor cells by host immunity and paves the way for the host immune tolerance to EBV+ tumor cells by evading immune recognition and escaping the T lymphocyte killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxia He
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433.,✉ Corresponding author: Miaoxia He, MD;PhD. Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, 168 Changhai Road, Building 17, Room 709, Shanghai, China 200433 . Phone number: 86-18317172656; Fax: 86-21-31162260. Jianmin Yang, MD; PhD. Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, 168 Changhai Road, Building 6, Room 709, Shanghai, China 200433. ,; Phone number: 86-21-31161285; Fax: 86-21-31161285
| | - Bin Liu
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Gusheng Tang
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Xuefei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Shuyi Yin
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Tao Wang
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Jie Chen
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Lei Gao
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Xiong Ni
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Libin Wang
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Lili Xu
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433
| | - Jianmin Yang
- Departments of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 200433.,✉ Corresponding author: Miaoxia He, MD;PhD. Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, 168 Changhai Road, Building 17, Room 709, Shanghai, China 200433 . Phone number: 86-18317172656; Fax: 86-21-31162260. Jianmin Yang, MD; PhD. Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, 168 Changhai Road, Building 6, Room 709, Shanghai, China 200433. ,; Phone number: 86-21-31161285; Fax: 86-21-31161285
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7
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Malpica L, Marques‐Piubelli ML, Beltran BE, Chavez JC, Miranda RN, Castillo JJ. EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: 2022 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:951-965. [PMID: 35472248 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
DISEASE OVERVIEW Epstein Barr virus-positive (EBV+) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified (NOS) is an entity included in the WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms since 2016. EBV+ DLBCL, NOS, is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma associated with EBV infection, and a poor prognosis with standard chemotherapeutic approaches. DIAGNOSIS The diagnosis is made through a careful pathological evaluation. Detection of EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) is considered standard for diagnosis; however, a clear cutoff for percentage of positive cells has not been defined. The differential diagnosis includes plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), DLBCL associated with chronic inflammation, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), among others. RISK-STRATIFICATION The International Prognostic Index (IPI) and the Oyama score can be used for risk-stratification. The Oyama score includes age >70 years and presence of B symptoms. The expression of CD30 and PD-1/PD-L1 are emerging as potential adverse but targetable biomarkers. MANAGEMENT Patients with EBV+ DLBCL, NOS, should be staged and managed following similar guidelines than patients with EBV-negative DLBCL. EBV+ DLBCL, NOS, however, might have a worse prognosis than EBV-negative DLBCL in the era of chemoimmunotherapy. Therefore, the inclusion of patients in clinical trials when available is recommended. There is an opportunity to study and develop targeted therapy in the management of patients with EBV+ DLBCL, NOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Malpica
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
| | - Mario L. Marques‐Piubelli
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
| | - Brady E. Beltran
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Lima Peru
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Universidad Ricardo Palma Lima Peru
| | - Julio C. Chavez
- Department of Malignant Hematology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
| | - Roberto N. Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
| | - Jorge J. Castillo
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
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8
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Li H, Liu F, Wang X, Li M, Li Z, Xie Y, Guo Y. Identification of Hub lncRNAs Along With lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Network for Effective Diagnosis and Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:748867. [PMID: 34721037 PMCID: PMC8548639 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.748867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in tumorigenesis and progression of different cancers and they have been potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. As the most common endocrine malignancy, precise diagnosis and prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is of great clinical significance. Here, we aim to identify new hub lncRNAs for marking PTC and constructed prognostics signatures based on lncRNA- miRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network to predict overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) respectively. Five reliable hub lncRNAs were identified by integrating differential genes of four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) gene chips using the RobustRankAggreg (RRA) method. Based on differential analyses and interaction prediction, a lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network and a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network were established. Then a comprehensive function characterization of the five hub lncRNAs was performed, including validation dataset testing, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and functional analysis on two networks. All results suggest that these five hub lncRNAs could be potential biomarkers for marking PTC. The ceRNA network was used to identify RNAs which were associated with PTC prognosis. Two prognostic signatures were developed using univariate and step-wise multivariate Cox regression analyses and both of them were independent prognostic indicators for PTC OS and DFS. Tumor microenvironment difference analysis between high and low-risk patients showed that dendritic cells activated and macrophages M0 may be a possible target for immunotherapy of PTC. In addition, disclosing the potential drugs that may reverse the expression of hub genes may improve the prognosis of patients with PTC. Here, connectivity map (CMap) analysis indicates that three bioactive chemicals (pioglitazone, benserazide, and SB-203580) are promising therapeutic agents for PTC. So, the paper presents a comprehensive study on diagnosis, prognosis, and potential drug screening for PTC based on the five hub lncRNAs identified by us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Menglong Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongmei Xie
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanzhi Guo
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Chabay P. Advances in the Pathogenesis of EBV-Associated Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2717. [PMID: 34072731 PMCID: PMC8199155 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in adults. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive DLBCL of the elderly was defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008, it was restricted only to patients older than 50 years old, and it was attributed to immunesenescence associated with physiological aging. After the description of EBV-associated DLBCL in children and young adults, the WHO redefined the definition, leading to the substitution of the modifier "elderly" with "not otherwise specified" (EBV + DLBCL, NOS) in the updated classification, and it is no more considered provisional. The incidence of EBV + DLBCL, NOS varies around the world, in particular influenced by the percentage of EBV+ cells used as cut-off to define a case as EBV-associated. EBV has effect on the genetic composition of tumor cells, on survival, and at the recruitment of immune cells at the microenvironment. In this review, the role of EBV in the pathogenesis of DLBCL is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Chabay
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Pathology Division, Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP-CONICET-GCBA), Ricardo Gutiérrez Children's Hospital, Gallo 1330, Buenos Aires C1425EFD, Argentina
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10
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Gebauer N, Künstner A, Ketzer J, Witte HM, Rausch T, Benes V, Zimmermann J, Gebauer J, Merz H, Bernard V, Harder L, Ratjen K, Gesk S, Peter W, Busch Y, Trojok P, von Bubnoff N, Biersack H, Busch H, Feller AC. Genomic insights into the pathogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by whole-genome and targeted amplicon sequencing. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:102. [PMID: 34039950 PMCID: PMC8155002 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00493-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (DLBCL NOS) constitute a distinct clinicopathological entity in the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification. However, its genomic features remain sparsely characterized. Here, we combine whole-genome sequencing (WGS), targeted amplicon sequencing (tNGS), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) from 47 EBV + DLBCL (NOS) cases to delineate the genomic landscape of this rare disease. Integrated WGS and tNGS analysis clearly distinguished this tumor type from EBV-negative DLBCL due to frequent mutations in ARID1A (45%), KMT2A/KMT2D (32/30%), ANKRD11 (32%), or NOTCH2 (32%). WGS uncovered structural aberrations including 6q deletions (5/8 patients), which were subsequently validated by FISH (14/32 cases). Expanding on previous reports, we identified recurrent alterations in CCR6 (15%), DAPK1 (15%), TNFRSF21 (13%), CCR7 (11%), and YY1 (6%). Lastly, functional annotation of the mutational landscape by sequential gene set enrichment and network propagation predicted an effect on the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) pathway (CSNK2A2, CARD10), IL6/JAK/STAT (SOCS1/3, STAT3), and WNT signaling (FRAT1, SFRP5) alongside aberrations in immunological processes, such as interferon response. This first comprehensive description of EBV + DLBCL (NOS) tumors substantiates the evidence of its pathobiological independence and helps stratify the molecular taxonomy of aggressive lymphomas in the effort for future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Gebauer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany. .,University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Axel Künstner
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julius Ketzer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hanno M Witte
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Federal Armed Hospital Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias Rausch
- EMBL, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genomics Core Facility, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Benes
- EMBL, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genomics Core Facility, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zimmermann
- EMBL, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genomics Core Facility, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judith Gebauer
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hartmut Merz
- Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Reference Centre for Lymph Node Pathology and Haematopathology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Veronica Bernard
- Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Reference Centre for Lymph Node Pathology and Haematopathology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lana Harder
- Institut für Tumorgenetik Nord, Steenbeker Weg 23, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Ratjen
- Institut für Tumorgenetik Nord, Steenbeker Weg 23, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Gesk
- Institut für Tumorgenetik Nord, Steenbeker Weg 23, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peter
- HLA Typing Laboratory of the Stefan-Morsch-Foundation, 557565, Birkenfeld, Germany.,Institut für Tranfusionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Köln. Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Köln, Germany
| | - Yannik Busch
- HLA Typing Laboratory of the Stefan-Morsch-Foundation, 557565, Birkenfeld, Germany
| | - Peter Trojok
- HLA Typing Laboratory of the Stefan-Morsch-Foundation, 557565, Birkenfeld, Germany
| | - Nikolas von Bubnoff
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Harald Biersack
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alfred C Feller
- Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Reference Centre for Lymph Node Pathology and Haematopathology, Lübeck, Germany
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Ren Y, Liu J, Wang L, Luo Y, Ding X, Shi A, Liu J. Multiple metabolic parameters and visual assessment of 18F-FDG uptake heterogeneity of PET/CT in advanced gastric cancer and primary gastric lymphoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:3569-3580. [PMID: 32274551 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) are the two most common malignant tumors of the stomach. Conventional imaging examinations have difficulty distinguishing the two. This study explored the values of multiple parameters and visual assessment of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG) uptake heterogeneity of positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT) for differentiating between AGC and PGL. METHODS This retrospective study included 70 AGC and 26 PGL patients, all of whom had undergone 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment. We analyzed the differences between AGC and PGL in the distribution of metastatic lesions and multiple metabolic parameters, including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), SUVmax/maximal thickness(THKmax), metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis (TLG). In addition, 18F-FDG uptake heterogeneity was visually assessed using a visual scoring method and a method of measuring SUVmax differences (SUVmax-d). RESULTS The most common metastasis of AGC patients were liver, bone, peritoneal and proximal lymph nodes; PGL patients had fewer peritoneal metastases and lymph node metastasis could appeared to be "skip metastasis." The metabolic parameters-SUVmax, SUVmax/THKmax and TLG-were higher in patients who had PGL, especially in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In the visual assessment of 18F-FDG uptake heterogeneity, the measurements of SUVmax-d in PGL were significantly higher than in AGC. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis suggested that SUVmax has the highest comprehensive diagnostic efficiency due to having the highest value of area under the curve and the highest accuracy (77.2%). CONCLUSION 18F-FDG PET/CT had a high diagnostic efficiency for discrimination of AGC and PGL, especially between DLBCL and other pathological subtypes. Visual assessment used to evaluate 18F-FDG uptake heterogeneity could help to distinguish the two types of tumors. In addition, our innovative method of measuring the heterogeneity of 18F-FDG uptake-namely, SUVmax-d-could contribute to identification of the two tumor types and should have its significance clarified by future studies.
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Zhou Y, Xu Z, Lin W, Duan Y, Lu C, Liu W, Su W, Yan Y, Liu H, Liu L, Zhong M, Zhou J, Zhu H. Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and the Expression and Clinicopathological Correlations of Some Related Genes. Front Oncol 2019; 9:683. [PMID: 31403034 PMCID: PMC6669985 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (EBV+ DLBCL) is a rare type of lymphoma with a high incidence in elderly patients, poor drug response, and unfavorable prognosis. Despite advances in genomic profiling and precision medicine in DLBCL, EBV+ DLBCL remain poorly characterized and understood. We include 236 DLBCL patients for EBV-encoded mRNA (EBER) in situ hybridization detection and analyzed 9 EBV+ and 6 EBV negative cases by next-generation sequencing (NGS). We then performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to analyze chromosome rearrangements and gene expressions in 22 EBV+ and 30 EBV negative cases. The EBER results showed a 9.3% (22/236) positive rate. The NGS results revealed recurrent alterations in MYC and RHOA, components of apoptosis and NF-κB pathways. The most frequently mutated genes in EBV+ DLBCL were MYC (3/9; 33.3%), RHOA (3/9; 33.3%), PIM1 (2/9; 22.2%), MEF2B (2/9; 22.2%), MYD88 (2/9; 22.2%), and CD79B (2/9; 22.2%) compared with KMT2D (4/6; 66.7%), CREBBP (3/6; 50.0%), PIM1 (2/6; 33.3%), TNFAIP3 (2/6; 33.3%), and BCL2 (2/6; 33.3%) in EBV-negative DLBCL. MYC and KMT2D alterations stood out the most differently mutated genes between the two groups. FISH detection displayed a lower rearrangement rate in EBV+ cohort. Furthermore, KMT2D expression was highly expressed and associated with poor survival in both cohorts. MYC was only overexpressed and related to an inferior prognosis in the EBV+ DLBCL cohort. In summary, we depicted a distinct mutation profile for EBV+ and EBV-negative DLBCL and validated the differential expression of KMT2D and MYC with potential prognostic influence, thereby providing new perspectives into the pathogenesis and precision medicine of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangying Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yumei Duan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Lu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiping Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meizuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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