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da Silva GR, de Brito Souza IG, de Mello Pereira F, de Almeida Souza B, do Rêgo Lopes MT, Prosdocimi F, Bentzen P, Diniz FM. The Mitochondrial Genome of Melipona fasciculata (Apidae, Meliponini): Genome Organization and Comparative Analyses, Phylogenetic Implications and Divergence Time Estimations. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10991-3. [PMID: 39643768 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10991-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/09/2024]
Abstract
The native stingless bee Melipona fasciculata is economically and ecologically important to the Brazilian Northeast, providing a sustainable source of income to family farmers and being considered an effective pollinator in most ecosystems and crops. This study describes, for the first time, the mitogenome of the species and its phylogenetic position. The mitochondrial genome was sequenced using a MiSeq Sequencer (Illumina Inc.) and compared with other GenBank bee mitogenomes. The length of the mitochondrial DNA, excluding most of the control region, is 14,753 bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 21 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs (16S and 12S), and 1 AT-rich region. The GC-content of the M. fasciculata mitogenome was 13.4%. Of the 36 coding regions, 12 tRNAs and 9 PCGs were encoded in the heavy strand, and 9 tRNAs, 4 PCGs and 2 rRNAs were encoded in the light strand. The relative orientation and gene order was the same as other stingless bee mitogenomes. Phylogenetic inference produced well-resolved relationships with high statistical support for concordant branch topologies, under different optimization schemes and model parameters, within and among Melipona, Bombus, Apis, and related clades of Hymenoptera. In general, our divergence time estimates, which were based on the concatenated gene sequences (PCGs + rRNAs) from various groups, overlapped estimations captured by Bayesian analysis from different studies. The divergence time among Melipona species was estimated to occur during the Oligocene, approximately 24 Mya (95% HPD 14-36 Mya). Our results represent a valuable addition to help understanding not only the taxonomy and evolution of Brazilian stingless bee species, but also to uncover historical dispersal and isolation patterns in Meliponinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geice Ribeiro da Silva
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral-Groaíras km 4, Caixa Postal 145, Fazenda Três Lagoas, Sobral, Ceará, CEP: 62011-970, Brazil
| | - Isis Gomes de Brito Souza
- Northeast Biotechnology Network - RENORBIO/Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP: 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Fábia de Mello Pereira
- Embrapa Meio-Norte, Av. Duque de Caxias, 5650, Caixa Postal 01, Teresina, Piauí, 64006-220, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Almeida Souza
- Embrapa Meio-Norte, Av. Duque de Caxias, 5650, Caixa Postal 01, Teresina, Piauí, 64006-220, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Prosdocimi
- Laboratório de Genômica e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 21.941-902, Brazil
| | - Paul Bentzen
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Fábio Mendonça Diniz
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral-Groaíras km 4, Caixa Postal 145, Fazenda Três Lagoas, Sobral, Ceará, CEP: 62011-970, Brazil.
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Li YR, Wang ZW, Corlett RT, Yu WB. Comparative analyses of mitogenomes in the social bees with insights into evolution of long inverted repeats in the Meliponini. Zool Res 2024; 45:160-175. [PMID: 38199971 PMCID: PMC10839653 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The insect mitogenome is typically a compact circular molecule with highly conserved gene contents. Nonetheless, mitogenome structural variations have been reported in specific taxa, and gene rearrangements, usually the tRNAs, occur in different lineages. Because synapomorphies of mitogenome organizations can provide information for phylogenetic inferences, comparative analyses of mitogenomes have been given increasing attention. However, most studies use a very few species to represent the whole genus, tribe, family, or even order, overlooking potential variations at lower taxonomic levels, which might lead to some incorrect inferences. To provide new insights into mitogenome organizations and their implications for phylogenetic inference, this study conducted comparative analyses for mitogenomes of three social bee tribes (Meliponini, Bombini, and Apini) based on the phylogenetic framework with denser taxonomic sampling at the species and population levels. Comparative analyses revealed that mitogenomes of Apini and Bombini are the typical type, while those of Meliponini show diverse variations in mitogenome sizes and organizations. Large inverted repeats (IRs) cause significant gene rearrangements of protein coding genes (PCGs) and rRNAs in Indo-Malay/Australian stingless bee species. Molecular evolution analyses showed that the lineage with IRs have lower d N/ d S ratios for PCGs than lineages without IRs, indicating potential effects of IRs on the evolution of mitochondrial genes. The finding of IRs and different patterns of gene rearrangements suggested that Meliponini is a hotspot in mitogenome evolution. Unlike conserved PCGs and rRNAs whose rearrangements were found only in the mentioned lineages within Meliponini, tRNA rearrangements are common across all three tribes of social bees, and are significant even at the species level, indicating that comprehensive sampling is needed to fully understand the patterns of tRNA rearrangements, and their implications for phylogenetic inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ran Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Richard T Corlett
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China. E-mail:
| | - Wen-Bin Yu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China. E-mail:
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Possible Epigenetic Origin of a Recurrent Gynandromorph Pattern in Megachile Wild Bees. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12050437. [PMID: 34066094 PMCID: PMC8151954 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Gynandromorphs, i.e., individuals with a mix of male and female body parts, are known for many species of insects and other animals with separate sexes. This anomaly is generally regarded as the result of localized genetic mutations in sex-determining genes. We analyzed the specific mix of male and female characters in naturally occurring gynandromorphs of 21 species of the wild bee genus Megachile and found a recurrent pattern. Based on the regularity of this pattern, and the current knowledge on sex determination and sex differentiation in the relatively closely-related honey bee, we argue that the origin of these composite phenotypes is possibly epigenetic, rather than genetic, i.e., produced by some defects in the maintenance of the regulatory signals that control sex differentiation at the level of single cell lineages, rather than triggered by genetic mutations. Abstract Gynandromorphs, i.e., individuals with a mix of male and female traits, are common in the wild bees of the genus Megachile (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). We described new transverse gynandromorphs in Megachile pilidens Alfkeen, 1924 and analyze the spatial distribution of body parts with male vs. female phenotype hitherto recorded in the transverse gynandromorphs of the genus Megachile. We identified 10 different arrangements, nine of which are minor variants of a very general pattern, with a combination of male and female traits largely shared by the gynandromorphs recorded in 20 out of 21 Megachile species in our dataset. Based on the recurrence of the same gynandromorph pattern, the current knowledge on sex determination and sex differentiation in the honey bee, and the results of recent gene-knockdown experiments in these insects, we suggest that these composite phenotypes are possibly epigenetic, rather than genetic, mosaics, with individual body parts of either male or female phenotype according to the locally expressed product of the alternative splicing of sex-determining gene transcripts.
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Pisanty G, Richter R, Martin T, Dettman J, Cardinal S. Molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and revised classification of andrenine bees (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 170:107151. [PMID: 33741535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mining bee subfamily Andreninae (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) is a widely distributed and diverse group of ground-nesting solitary bees, including numerous species known to be important pollinators. Most of the species diversity of Andreninae is concentrated in the mainly Holarctic genus Andrena, comprising ca. 1550 described species. The subfamily and especially the genus have remained relatively neglected by recent molecular phylogenetic studies, with current classifications relying largely on morphological characters. We sampled ultraconserved element (UCE) sequences from 235 taxa, including all andrenine genera and 98 out of 104 currently recognized Andrena subgenera. Using 419,858 aligned nucleotide sites from 1009 UCE loci, we present a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily. Our analysis supports the recognition of seven distinct genera in the Andreninae: Alocandrena, Ancylandrena, Andrena, Cubiandrena, Euherbstia, Megandrena, and Orphana. Within the genus Andrena, present-day subgeneric concepts revealed high degrees of paraphyly and polyphyly, due to strong homoplasy of morphological characters, necessitating a thorough, extensive revision of the higher classification of the genus. Based on our findings, we place the subgenus Calcarandrena in synonymy with Andrena (Lepidandrena); Hyperandrena, Nemandrena, Scoliandrena, Tylandrena and Zonandrena with A. (Melandrena); Distandrena, Fumandrena and Proxiandrena with A. (Micrandrena); Carandrena with A. (Notandrena); Agandrena with A. (Plastandrena); Xiphandrena with A. (Scrapteropsis); and Platygalandrena and Poliandrena with A. (Ulandrena) (new synonymies). We additionally reestablish the groups known as Opandrena and Truncandrena as valid subgenera of Andrena. Our results also show that the MRCA of Andrena+Cubiandrena dispersed from the New World to the Palaearctic probably during the Eocene-early Oligocene, followed by 10-14 Neogene dispersal events from the Palaearctic to the Nearctic and 1-6 Neogene dispersals back into the Palaearctic, all within the genus Andrena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Pisanty
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Robin Richter
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Teresa Martin
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Jeremy Dettman
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Sophie Cardinal
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada.
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Lu H, He B, Hao Y, Zhou Z, Su C, Huang D. Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Two Cuckoo Bees (Apoidea: Anthophila: Megachilidae) with Phylogenetic Implications. INSECTS 2021; 12:29. [PMID: 33466344 PMCID: PMC7824771 DOI: 10.3390/insects12010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea and Anthophila) are distributed worldwide and considered the primary pollinators of angiosperm. Megachilidae is one of the largest families of Anthophila. In this study, two complete mitogenomes of cuckoo bees in Megachilidae, namely Coelioxys fenestrata and Euaspis polynesia, were amplified and sequenced, with a length of 17,004 bp (C. fenestrata) and 17,682 bp (E. polynesia). The obtained results show that 37 mitogenomic genes and one putative control region were conserved within Hymenoptera. Truncated stop codon T was found in the cox3 gene of E. polynesia. The secondary structure of small (rrnS) and large (rrnL) rRNA subunits contained three domains (28 helices) and five domains (44 helices) conserved within Hymenoptera, respectively. Compared with ancestral gene order, gene rearrangement events included local inversion and gene shuffling. In order to reveal the phylogenetic position of cuckoo bees, we performed phylogenetic analysis. The results supported that all families of Anthophila were monophyletic, the tribe-level relationship of Megachilidae was Osmiini + (Anthidiini + Megachilini) and Coelioxys fenestrata was clustered to the Megachile genus, which was more closely related to Megachile sculpturalis and Megachile strupigera than Euaspis polynesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Bo He
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China;
| | - Youjin Hao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Chengyong Su
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China;
| | - Dunyuan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
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Husemann M, Neiber MT, Nickel J, Reinbold CVM, Kuhlmann M, Cordellier M. Mitogenomic phylogeny of bee families confirms the basal position and monophyly of Melittidae. ZOOL SCR 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jana Nickel
- Institute for Zoology Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Carla V. M. Reinbold
- Centrum für Naturkunde Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany
- Center for Bioinformatics University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
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Weiss SJ, Gonçalves DV, Secci-Petretto G, Englmaier GK, Gomes-Dos-Santos A, Denys GPJ, Persat H, Antonov A, Hahn C, Taylor EB, Froufe E. Global systematic diversity, range distributions, conservation and taxonomic assessments of graylings (Teleostei: Salmonidae; Thymallus spp.). ORG DIVERS EVOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-020-00468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGraylings (Thymallus) are among the less well-studied groups of salmonid fishes, especially across their Asian distribution range. Here we perform a comprehensive global review of their phylogeography, systematic diversity and range distributions, including biogeographic reconstruction and assessment of both conservation and taxonomic status of each species. Based on a mitogenomic phylogenetic analysis, three approaches to the delineation of molecular operational units, and evaluation of 15 a-priori defined species, we provide biological support for the recognition of 13 grayling species, plus two additional species tentatively. Several instances of paraphyly and its potential effect on systematic inferences are discussed. Overall, the genus displays increasing species diversity and decreasing range size from higher to lower latitudes and ancestral trait reconstruction supports an East Asian origin for extant diversity, most likely centred in the Amur River drainage. Europe’s colonization by Thymallus took place as early as the late Miocene, at least two colonisations of North America are supported, and multiple dispersal events likely took place into Western Siberia. The conservation status for the 15 taxa was estimated to be: 6 least concern, 1 near-threatened, 2 vulnerable, 3 endangered and 3 data deficient.
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Wei J, Lu H, Tao J, Hao Y, Huang D, Li B. The complete mitogenome of Lasioglossum affine (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) and phylogenetic analysis. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:3784-3785. [PMID: 33367102 PMCID: PMC7682738 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1835573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete mitogenome of Lasioglossum affine (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) was sequenced and analyzed. The whole mitogenome is 17,352 bp (AT%=84.1%) and encodes 37 typical eukaryotic mitochondrial genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and an AT-rich region. Further analysis found three gene rearrangements, where trn I-Q-M → trn M-I-Q, trn W-C-Y → trn C-W-Y, and trn K-D → trn D-K were shuffled. The phylogenetic relationships of 19 species of Hymenoptera were established using maximum-likelihood method based on 13 concatenated PCGs. The result showed that Lasioglossum affine is a sister of Lasioglossum sp. SJW-2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huanhuan Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingxin Tao
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youjin Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dunyuan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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Li H, Lu H, Huang S, Fan X, Luo A, Huang D. The complete mitogenome of Nomia chalybeata (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) and phylogenetic analysis. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2020; 5:2844-2845. [PMID: 33457971 PMCID: PMC7782881 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1790320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The complete mitogenome of Nomia chalybeata was sequenced. The mitochondrial length of N. chalybeata was 16,692 bp (AT content 85.4%), with 37 classic invertebrate mitochondrial genes (including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transporter RNAs, and two ribosomal RNAs) and AT-rich region (AT content 91.7%). The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic relationship was constructed using 11 species from Hymenoptera. Through the phylogenetic relationship, our research team successfully used the molecular data of the mitochondrial genome to verify that N. chalybeata belongs to the family Halictidae, and also provides molecular data for the database of the family Halictidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shigui Huang
- The Qiyunshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ancai Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dunyuan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
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Lu H, Huang D. The complete mitogenome of Habropoda rodoszkowskii (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and phylogenetic analysis. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:2350-2351. [PMID: 33457787 PMCID: PMC7782002 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1773954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogenome of Habropoda rodoszkowskii, the first complete mitogenome sequence of the genus Habropoda (hymenoptera: Apidae), was sequenced. The mitogenome is 18,497 bp (The proportion of A + T in 80.7%) long, with 37 classic eukaryotic mitochondrial genes (including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs) and an AT-rich region (The proportion of A + T in 78.2%). The Bayesian-inference and Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic relationship was constructed using 15 species from Hymenoptera. According to the phylogenetic tree, Habropoda rodoszkowskii converges with genus Nomada bees (Nomada flava and Nomada flavoguttata) to be supported. In addition, Habropoda rodoszkowskii is more closely related to Apidae than to Megahilidae and Colletidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dunyuan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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He B, Su T, Niu Z, Zhou Z, Gu Z, Huang D. Characterization of mitochondrial genomes of three Andrena bees (Apoidea: Andrenidae) and insights into the phylogenetics. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 127:118-125. [PMID: 30639593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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