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Chen J, Zhang Y. Chinese Character Processing in Visual Masking. Front Psychol 2022; 12:763705. [PMID: 35283806 PMCID: PMC8907841 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.763705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
It has not been clarified if attention influences perception of targets in visual masking. Three forms of common masks (random pattern, para-/metacontrast, and four dots) were thus chosen in the present study and presented with character targets in three temporal sequences (forward, backward, and sandwiched mask or forward-backward mask combination). In order to pinpoint the level of processing where masking arises, character targets were varied in depth of processing from random arrangements of strokes up to real Chinese characters. The attentional influence was examined under perceptual discrimination and lexical decision tasks, respectively. The results revealed significant interactions among four factors (mask form, temporal sequence, depth of processing, and task). Identification of character targets in each form of mask sequence varied with task demand, with greater suppression in the perceptual discrimination task. These findings suggested that attentional demand can bias processing in favor of task-related information in visual masking. Variations in masking effects may be contributed by both attentional demand and spatio-temporal interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
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Luo C, Chen W, VanRullen R, Zhang Y, Gaspar CM. Nudging the N170 forward with prior stimulation-Bridging the gap between N170 and recognition potential. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 43:1214-1230. [PMID: 34786780 PMCID: PMC8837586 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Evoked response potentials are often divided up into numerous components, each with their own body of literature. But is there less variety than we might suppose? In this study, we nudge one component into looking like another. Both the N170 and recognition potential (RP) are N1 components in response to familiar objects. However, the RP is often measured with a forward mask that ends at stimulus onset whereas the N170 is often measured with no masking at all. This study investigates how inter‐stimulus interval (ISI) may delay and distort the N170 into an RP by manipulating the temporal gap (ISI) between forward mask and target. The results revealed reverse relationships between the ISI on the one hand, and the N170 latency, single‐trial N1 jitter (an approximation of N1 width) and reaction time on the other hand. Importantly, we find that scalp topographies have a unique signature at the N1 peak across all conditions, from the longest gap (N170) to the shortest (RP). These findings prove that the mask‐delayed N1 is still the same N170, even under conditions that are normally associated with a different component like the RP. In general, our results suggest greater synthesis in the study of event related potential components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhuang Luo
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Toulouse, France.,CerCo, CNRS UMR 5549, Toulouse, France
| | - Wei Chen
- Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rufin VanRullen
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Toulouse, France.,CerCo, CNRS UMR 5549, Toulouse, France
| | - Ye Zhang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Carl Michael Gaspar
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China.,Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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