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Xi DD, Gao L, Miao LM, Ge LA, Zhang DY, Zhang ZH, Li XF, Zhu YY, Shen HB, Zhu HF. Changes in Diversity and Composition of Rhizosphere Bacterial and Fungal Community between Resistant and Susceptible Pakchoi under Plasmodiophora brassicae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16779. [PMID: 38069101 PMCID: PMC10706474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodiophora brassicae (P. brassicae) is a soil-born pathogen worldwide and can infect most cruciferous plants, which causes great yield decline and economic losses. It is not well known how microbial diversity and community composition change during P. brassicae infecting plant roots. Here, we employed a resistant and a susceptible pakchoi cultivar with and without inoculation with P. brassicae to analyze bacterial and fungal diversity using 16S rRNA V3-V4 and ITS_V1 regions, respectively. 16S rRNA V3-V4 and ITS_V1 regions were amplified and sequenced separately. Results revealed that both fungal and bacterial diversity increased, and composition was changed in the rhizosphere soil of the susceptible pakchoi compared with the resistant cultivar. In the four groups of R_mock, S_mock, R_10d, and S_10d, the most relatively abundant bacterium and fungus was Proteobacteria, accounting for 61.92%, 58.17%, 48.64%, and 50.00%, respectively, and Ascomycota, accounting for 75.11%, 63.69%, 72.10%, and 90.31%, respectively. A total of 9488 and 11,914 bacteria were observed uniquely in the rhizosphere soil of resistant and susceptible pakchoi, respectively, while only 80 and 103 fungi were observed uniquely in the correlated soil. LefSe analysis showed that 107 and 49 differentially abundant taxa were observed in bacteria and fungi. Overall, we concluded that different pakchoi cultivars affect microbial diversity and community composition, and microorganisms prefer to gather around the rhizosphere of susceptible pakchoi. These findings provide a new insight into plant-microorganism interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Lu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Li-Ming Miao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Li-Ao Ge
- Jinshan Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shanghai 201599, China;
| | - Ding-Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Zhao-Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Yu-Ying Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Hai-Bin Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Hong-Fang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
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Poveda J, Díaz-González S, Díaz-Urbano M, Velasco P, Sacristán S. Fungal endophytes of Brassicaceae: Molecular interactions and crop benefits. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:932288. [PMID: 35991403 PMCID: PMC9390090 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.932288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brassicaceae family includes an important group of plants of great scientific interest, e.g., the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and of economic interest, such as crops of the genus Brassica (Brassica oleracea, Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, etc.). This group of plants is characterized by the synthesis and accumulation in their tissues of secondary metabolites called glucosinolates (GSLs), sulfur-containing compounds mainly involved in plant defense against pathogens and pests. Brassicaceae plants are among the 30% of plant species that cannot establish optimal associations with mycorrhizal hosts (together with other plant families such as Proteaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Caryophyllaceae), and GSLs could be involved in this evolutionary process of non-interaction. However, this group of plants can establish beneficial interactions with endophytic fungi, which requires a reduction of defensive responses by the host plant and/or an evasion, tolerance, or suppression of plant defenses by the fungus. Although much remains to be known about the mechanisms involved in the Brassicaceae-endophyte fungal interaction, several cases have been described, in which the fungi need to interfere with the GSL synthesis and hydrolysis in the host plant, or even directly degrade GSLs before they are hydrolyzed to antifungal isothiocyanates. Once the Brassicaceae-endophyte fungus symbiosis is formed, the host plant can obtain important benefits from an agricultural point of view, such as plant growth promotion and increase in yield and quality, increased tolerance to abiotic stresses, and direct and indirect control of plant pests and diseases. This review compiles the studies on the interaction between endophytic fungi and Brassicaceae plants, discussing the mechanisms involved in the success of the symbiosis, together with the benefits obtained by these plants. Due to their unique characteristics, the family Brassicaceae can be seen as a fruitful source of novel beneficial endophytes with applications to crops, as well as to generate new models of study that allow us to better understand the interactions of these amazing fungi with plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Poveda
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sandra Díaz-González
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Díaz-Urbano
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Pablo Velasco
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Soledad Sacristán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
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Zhang Y, Li W, Lu P, Xu T, Pan K. Three Preceding Crops Increased the Yield of and Inhibited Clubroot Disease in Continuously Monocropped Chinese Cabbage by Regulating the Soil Properties and Rhizosphere Microbial Community. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040799. [PMID: 35456849 PMCID: PMC9028536 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Crop rotation can improve soil properties and is one of the important measures to prevent soil-borne diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different preceding crops on clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage and soil microorganisms, to provide a theoretical basis for the ecological control of clubroot scientifically. In this experiment, soybeans, potato onions, and wheat were used as the preceding crops and compared with the local preceding crop garlic. The growth of the Chinese cabbage, disease occurrence, soil chemical properties and changes in microbial community structure were determined by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), soil microbial high-throughput sequencing and other methods. The results showed that the rotation of potato onion and wheat with Chinese cabbage could reduce the clubroot disease index of Chinese cabbage remarkably. Through Illumina Miseq sequencing, when three previous crops were harvested, the abundance and diversity of the bacteria increased obviously, while the fungi decreased. The relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and Firmicutes was strikingly reduced, while that of Chloroflexi was significantly increased. These results show that three previous crops changed the structure of soil microorganisms, reduced the clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage, promoted growth, and suppressed disease. The ranked effect on promoting growth and inhibiting diseases was potato onion > wheat > soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (W.L.); (P.L.); (T.X.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (W.L.); (P.L.); (T.X.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Peng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (W.L.); (P.L.); (T.X.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (W.L.); (P.L.); (T.X.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kai Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (W.L.); (P.L.); (T.X.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-5519-0563
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Watson M, Bushley K, Seabloom EW, May G. Response of fungal endophyte communities within Andropogon gerardii (Big bluestem) to nutrient addition and herbivore exclusion. FUNGAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2021.101043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Neik TX, Amas J, Barbetti M, Edwards D, Batley J. Understanding Host-Pathogen Interactions in Brassica napus in the Omics Era. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1336. [PMID: 33050509 PMCID: PMC7599536 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brassica napus (canola/oilseed rape/rapeseed) is an economically important crop, mostly found in temperate and sub-tropical regions, that is cultivated widely for its edible oil. Major diseases of Brassica crops such as Blackleg, Clubroot, Sclerotinia Stem Rot, Downy Mildew, Alternaria Leaf Spot and White Rust have caused significant yield and economic losses in rapeseed-producing countries worldwide, exacerbated by global climate change, and, if not remedied effectively, will threaten global food security. To gain further insights into the host-pathogen interactions in relation to Brassica diseases, it is critical that we review current knowledge in this area and discuss how omics technologies can offer promising results and help to push boundaries in our understanding of the resistance mechanisms. Omics technologies, such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches, allow us to understand the host and pathogen, as well as the interaction between the two species at a deeper level. With these integrated data in multi-omics and systems biology, we are able to breed high-quality disease-resistant Brassica crops in a more holistic, targeted and accurate way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiang Neik
- Sunway College Kuala Lumpur, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Junrey Amas
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia; (J.A.); (D.E.)
| | - Martin Barbetti
- School of Agriculture and Environment and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia;
| | - David Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia; (J.A.); (D.E.)
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia; (J.A.); (D.E.)
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Li J, Philp J, Li J, Wei Y, Li H, Yang K, Ryder M, Toh R, Zhou Y, Denton MD, Hu J, Wang Y. Trichoderma harzianum Inoculation Reduces the Incidence of Clubroot Disease in Chinese Cabbage by Regulating the Rhizosphere Microbial Community. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091325. [PMID: 32878079 PMCID: PMC7563613 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clubroot is a disease of cruciferous crops that causes significant economic losses to vegetable production worldwide. We applied high-throughput amplicon sequencing technology to quantify the effect of Trichodermaharzianum LTR-2 inoculation on the rhizosphere community of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis cv. Jiaozhou) in a commercial production area. T. harzianum inoculation of cabbage reduced the incidence of clubroot disease by 45.4% (p < 0.05). The disease control efficacy (PDIDS) was 63%. This reduction in disease incidence and severity coincided with a drastic reduction in both the relative abundance of Plasmodiaphora brassicae, the causative pathogen of cabbage clubroot disease, and its copy number in rhizosphere soil. Pathogenic fungi Alternaria and Fusarium were also negatively associated with Trichoderma inoculation according to co-occurrence network analysis. Inoculation drastically reduced the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial genera Delftia and Pseudomonas, whilst increasing others including Bacillus. Our results demonstrate that T. harzianum LTR-2 is an effective biological control agent for cabbage clubroot, which acts through modulation of the soil and rhizosphere microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China;
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (H.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Joshua Philp
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae 5064, Australia
| | - Jishun Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (H.L.); (K.Y.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Yanli Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (H.L.); (K.Y.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Hongmei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (H.L.); (K.Y.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Kai Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (H.L.); (K.Y.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Maarten Ryder
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae 5064, Australia
| | - Ruey Toh
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae 5064, Australia
| | - Yi Zhou
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae 5064, Australia
| | - Matthew D. Denton
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae 5064, Australia
| | - Jindong Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (H.L.); (K.Y.)
- China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013, China; (J.P.); (M.R.); (R.T.); (Y.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China;
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (Y.W.)
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