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The Long-Term Effects of Prenatal Hypoxia on Coronary Artery Function of the Male and Female Offspring. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123019. [PMID: 36551775 PMCID: PMC9776081 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia predisposes the offspring to the development of cardiovascular (CV) dysfunction in adult life. Using a rat model, we assessed the effect of prenatal hypoxia on vasoconstrictive and vasodilative mechanisms in left anterior descending coronary arteries of 4- and 9.5-month-old offspring. Endothelium-dependent relaxation to methylcholine and vasoconstriction responses to endothelin-1 (ET-1) were assessed by wire myography. Prenatal hypoxia impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in 4- and 9.5-month-old offspring. Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase prevented coronary artery relaxation in all groups. Inhibition of prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) improved relaxation in prenatally hypoxic males and tended to improve vasorelaxation in females, suggesting that impaired vasodilation was mediated via increased PGHS-dependent vasoconstriction. An enhanced contribution of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization to coronary artery vasodilation was observed in prenatally hypoxic males and females. No changes in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and PGHS-1 expressions were observed, while PGHS-2 expression was decreased in only prenatally hypoxic males. At 4 months, ET-1 responses were similar between groups, while ETB inhibition (with BQ788) tended to decrease ET-1-mediated responses in only prenatally hypoxic females. At 9.5 months, ET-1-mediated responses were decreased in only prenatally hypoxic females. Our data suggest that prenatal hypoxia has long-term similar effects on the mechanisms of impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in coronary arteries from adult male and female offspring; however, coronary artery contractile capacity is impaired only in prenatally hypoxic females. Understanding the mechanistic pathways involved in the programming of CV disease may allow for the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Török M, Merkely P, Monori-Kiss A, Horváth EM, Sziva RE, Péterffy B, Jósvai A, Sayour AA, Oláh A, Radovits T, Merkely B, Ács N, Nádasy GL, Várbíró S. Network analysis of the left anterior descending coronary arteries in swim-trained rats by an in situ video microscopic technique. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:37. [PMID: 34039432 PMCID: PMC8152314 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify sex differences in the network properties and to recognize the geometric alteration effects of long-term swim training in a rat model of exercise-induced left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. METHODS Thirty-eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups: male sedentary, female sedentary, male exercised and female exercised. After training sessions, LV morphology and function were checked by echocardiography. The geometry of the left coronary artery system was analysed on pressure-perfused, microsurgically prepared resistance artery networks using in situ video microscopy. All segments over > 80 μm in diameter were studied using divided 50-μm-long cylindrical ring units of the networks. Oxidative-nitrative (O-N) stress markers, adenosine A2A and estrogen receptor (ER) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The LV mass index, ejection fraction and fractional shortening significantly increased in exercised animals. We found substantial sex differences in the coronary network in the control groups and in the swim-trained animals. Ring frequency spectra were significantly different between male and female animals in both the sedentary and trained groups. The thickness of the wall was higher in males as a result of training. There were elevations in the populations of 200- and 400-μm vessel units in males; the thinner ones developed farther and the thicker ones closer to the orifice. In females, a new population of 200- to 250-μm vessels appeared unusually close to the orifice. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity and LV hypertrophy were accompanied by a remodelling of coronary resistance artery network geometry that was different in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Török
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
| | - Petra Merkely
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
| | - Anna Monori-Kiss
- Institute of Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Eszter Mária Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Réka Eszter Sziva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Borbála Péterffy
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Attila Jósvai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Military Hospital, Róbert Károly körút 44, Budapest, 1134 Hungary
| | - Alex Ali Sayour
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Attila Oláh
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Nándor Ács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
| | - György László Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
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Crispi F, Crovetto F, Rodriguez-López M, Sepúlveda-Martinez Á, Miranda J, Gratacós E. Postnatal persistence of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in late fetal growth restriction. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021; 73:471-481. [PMID: 33949826 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.21.04823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction is one of the most common obstetric complications, affecting 7-10% of all pregnancies. Affected fetuses are exposed to an adverse environment in utero during a critical time of development and may face long-term health consequences such as increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Growth restricted fetuses develop remodeled hearts with signs of systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Cardiac adaptations are more evident in early severe cases, but also present in late onset fetal growth restriction. Cardiovascular remodeling persists into postnatal life, from the neonatal period to adolescence, encompassing an increased susceptibility to adult disease. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on cardiovascular programming associated to fetal growth restriction, its postnatal consequences and potential strategies to reduce their cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Crispi
- Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (BCNatal), Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Neonatología (ICGON), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Crovetto
- Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (BCNatal), Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Neonatología (ICGON), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain -
| | - Mérida Rodriguez-López
- Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (BCNatal), Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Neonatología (ICGON), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Pontificia Universidad Javeriana seccional Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | - Álvaro Sepúlveda-Martinez
- Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (BCNatal), Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Neonatología (ICGON), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Unit of Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Jezid Miranda
- Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (BCNatal), Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Neonatología (ICGON), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Cuidado Intensivo (GRICIO), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (BCNatal), Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Neonatología (ICGON), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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