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Aguilera-Juárez A, Hernández-Adame L, Ruíz-Gómez MÁ, Monreal-Escalante E, Reyes-Becerril M, Rosales-Mendoza S, Pereyra HGS, Angulo C. LptD-antigen system on gold nanoparticles: an innovative strategy in the nanovaccine development. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:295602. [PMID: 35395652 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanovaccine development is a growing research field in which the development of new carriers and bioconjugation approaches is a priority. In this sense, this report describes for the first time, the development of a novel conjugate that consists of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) obtained by a one-step synthesis using an immunogenic peptide of the Lipopolysaccharide-assembly protein LptD fromVibrio parahaemolyticusbacteria as a reducing and capping agent. The resultingLptD@AuNPscompounds were fully characterized and the results showed the high capacity of the peptide to form complexes and reduce gold ions. The reaction yield estimated was higher than 83% and the chemical integrity of the peptide on the NP surface revealed a tyrosine amino acid bonding on the AuNP surface. Furthermore, theLptD@AuNPsystem showed high colloidal stability in a wide pH range (3-11 pH values), where the hydrodynamic diameter and Zeta potential behavior were strongly influenced by the functional groups of the antigenic peptide. The cytotoxicity assays showed that the obtained system is safe for mouse leukocytes, while immunized mice withLptD@AuNPsproduced specific IgG antibodies. These encouraging results revealed the efficacy of some antigenic peptides as reducers and capping agents, in addition, opening the path to determine immunogenicity and immunoprotective efficacy of theLptD@AuNPsystem against the disease induced byVibrio parahaemolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Aguilera-Juárez
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Luis Hernández-Adame
- CONACYT- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Ruíz-Gómez
- CONACYT-CINVESTAV-IPN Unidad Mérida, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97310, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
- CONACYT- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr Manuel Nava Núm. 6, Zona Universitaria., San Luis Potosí, S. L. P., C. P. 78210, Mexico
| | - Héctor Gabriel Silva Pereyra
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Materiales Avanzados, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4 sección, 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
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T-cell receptor repertoire of cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-cells after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22218. [PMID: 33335252 PMCID: PMC7747720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major complication during allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). However, mechanisms of adaptive immunity that drive this remain unclear. To define early immunological responses to CMV after transplantation, we using next-generation sequencing to examine the repertoire of T-cell receptors in CD8+/CMV pp65 tetramer+ cells (CMV-CTLs) in peripheral blood samples obtained from 16 allo-SCT recipients with HLA-A*24:02 at the time of CMV reactivation. In most patients, TCR beta repertoire of CMV-CTLs was highly skewed (median Inverse Simpson's index: 1.595) and, 15 of 16 patients shared at least one TCR-beta clonotype with ≥ 2 patients. The shared TCRs were dominant in 12 patients and, two clonotypes were shared by about half of the patients. Similarity analysis showed that CDR3 sequences of shared TCRs were more similar than unshared TCRs. TCR beta repertoires of CMV-CTLs in 12 patients were also analyzed after 2-4 weeks to characterize the short-term dynamics of TCR repertoires. In ten patients, we observed persistence of prevailing clones. In the other two patients, TCR repertoires became more diverse, major clones declined, and new private clones subsequently emerged. These results provided the substantive clue to understand the immunological behavior against CMV reactivation after allo-SCT.
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Chen SJ, Wang SC, Chen YC. Antiviral Agents as Therapeutic Strategies Against Cytomegalovirus Infections. Viruses 2019; 12:v12010021. [PMID: 31878068 PMCID: PMC7019738 DOI: 10.3390/v12010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a threat to human health in the world, particularly for immunologically weak patients. CMV may cause opportunistic infections, congenital infections and central nervous system infections. CMV infections are difficult to treat due to their specific life cycles, mutation, and latency characteristic. Despite recent advances, current drugs used for treating active CMV infections are limited in their efficacy, and the eradication of latent infections is impossible. Current antiviral agents which target the UL54 DNA polymerase are restricted because of nephrotoxicity and viral resistance. CMV also cannot be prevented or eliminated with a vaccine. Fortunately, letermovir which targets the human CMV (HCMV) terminase complex has been recently approved to treat CMV infections in humans. The growing point is developing antiviral agents against both lytically and latently infected cells. The nucleic acid-based therapeutic approaches including the external guide sequences (EGSs)-RNase, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are being explored to remove acute and/or latent CMV infections. HCMV vaccine is being developed for prophylaxis. Additionally, adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) has been experimentally used to combate drug-resistant and recurrent CMV in patients after cell and/or organ transplantation. Developing antiviral agents is promising in this area to obtain fruitful outcomes and to have a great impact on humans for the therapy of CMV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Jau Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medicine College, Taipei 25245, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Cheng Wang
- Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 71742, Taiwan;
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yuan-Chuan Chen
- Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Correspondence:
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