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Moore SK, Boggis JS, Gauthier PR, Lambert-Harris CA, Hichborn EG, Bell KD, Saunders EC, Montgomery L, Murphy EI, Turner AM, Agosti N, McLeman BM, Marsch LA. Technology-Based Interventions for Substance Use Treatment Among People Who Identify as African American or Black, Hispanic or Latino, and American Indian or Alaska Native: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e53685. [PMID: 39626234 PMCID: PMC11653051 DOI: 10.2196/53685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, racial and ethnic disparities in substance use treatment outcomes are persistent, especially among underrepresented minority (URM) populations. Technology-based interventions (TBIs) for substance use treatment show promise in reducing barriers to evidence-based treatment, yet no studies have described how TBIs may impact racial or ethnic health equity. OBJECTIVE This study explored whether TBIs in substance use treatment research promote health equity among people who identify as African American or Black, Hispanic or Latino, and American Indian or Alaska Native through their inclusion in research. We explored whether research that includes the aforementioned groups consciously considers race and/or ethnicity beyond including these populations as participants. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of 5 electronic databases to identify TBIs in substance use treatment studies published in English between January 2000 and March 2021. Studies were included if ≥50% of participants identified as African American or Black, Hispanic or Latino, or American Indian or Alaska Native when combined. Included studies were evaluated for conscious consideration of race and ethnicity in at least one manuscript section. Finally, we conducted a critical appraisal of each study's potential to facilitate insights into the impact of a TBI for members of specific URM groups. RESULTS Of 6897 titles and abstracts screened and 1158 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, nearly half (532/1158, 45.9%) of the full-text articles were excluded due to the absence of data on race, ethnicity, or not meeting the aforementioned demographic eligibility criteria. Overall, 110 studies met the inclusion criteria. Study designs included 39.1% (43/110) randomized trials, and 35.5% (39/110) feasibility studies. In total, 47.3% (52/110) of studies used computer-based interventions, including electronic screening, brief interventions, and referrals to treatment, whereas 33.6% (37/110) used interactive voice response, ecological momentary assessment or interventions, or SMS text messaging via mobile phones. Studies focused on the following substances: alcohol or drugs (45/110, 40.9%), alcohol alone (26/110, 23.6%), opioids (8/110, 7.3%), cannabis (6/110, 5.5%), cocaine (4/110, 3.6%), and methamphetamines (3/110, 2.7%). Of the studies that consciously considered race or ethnicity (29/110, 26.4%), 6.4% (7/110) explicitly considered race or ethnicity in all manuscript sections. Overall, 28.2% (31/110) of the studies were critically appraised as having a high confidence in the interpretability of the findings for specific URM groups. CONCLUSIONS While the prevalence of TBIs in substance use treatment has increased recently, studies that include and consciously consider URM groups are rare, especially for American Indian or Alaska Native and Hispanic or Latino groups. This review highlights the limited research on TBIs in substance use treatment that promotes racial and ethnic health equity and provides context, insights, and direction for researchers working to develop and evaluate digital technology substance use interventions while promoting health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Moore
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Jesse S Boggis
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Phoebe R Gauthier
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Chantal A Lambert-Harris
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Emily G Hichborn
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Kathleen D Bell
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Elizabeth C Saunders
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - LaTrice Montgomery
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinatti, OH, United States
| | - Eilis I Murphy
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Avery M Turner
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Nico Agosti
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Bethany M McLeman
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Lisa A Marsch
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
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Xie Z, Hu H, Kadota JL, Packel LJ, Mlowe M, Kwilasa S, Maokola W, Shabani S, Sabasaba A, Njau PF, Wang J, McCoy SI. Prevention of adverse HIV treatment outcomes: machine learning to enable proactive support of people at risk of HIV care disengagement in Tanzania. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e088782. [PMID: 39317499 PMCID: PMC11423721 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict disengagement from HIV care, high viral load or death among people living with HIV (PLHIV) with the goal of enabling proactive support interventions in Tanzania. The algorithm addressed common challenges when applying ML to electronic medical record (EMR) data: (1) imbalanced outcome distribution; (2) heterogeneity across multisite EMR data and (3) evolving virological suppression thresholds. DESIGN Observational study using a national EMR database. SETTING Conducted in two regions in Tanzania, using data from the National HIV Care database. PARTICIPANTS The study included over 6 million HIV care visit records from 295 961 PLHIV in two regions in Tanzania's National HIV Care database from January 2015 to May 2023. RESULTS Our ML model effectively identified PLHIV at increased risk of adverse outcomes. Key predictors included past disengagement from care, antiretroviral therapy (ART) status (which tracks a patient's engagement with ART across visits), age and time on ART. The downsampling approach we implemented effectively managed imbalanced data to reduce prediction bias. Site-specific algorithms performed better compared with a universal approach, highlighting the importance of tailoring ML models to local contexts. A sensitivity analysis confirmed the model's robustness to changes in viral load suppression thresholds. CONCLUSIONS ML models leveraging large-scale databases of patient data offer significant potential to identify PLHIV for interventions to enhance engagement in HIV care in resource-limited settings. Tailoring algorithms to local contexts and flexibility towards evolving clinical guidelines are essential for maximising their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Xie
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Huiyu Hu
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jillian L Kadota
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Laura J Packel
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Matilda Mlowe
- Health for a Prosperous Nation, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Sylvester Kwilasa
- United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Werner Maokola
- United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Siraji Shabani
- United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Amon Sabasaba
- Health for a Prosperous Nation, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Prosper F Njau
- United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Jingshen Wang
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sandra I McCoy
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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Esmaeili ED, Azizi H, Dastgiri S, Kalankesh LR. Does telehealth affect the adherence to ART among patients with HIV? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:169. [PMID: 36932376 PMCID: PMC10022569 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08119-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown different effects of telehealth interventions on adherence to Antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV. This study conducted a meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) to estimate the pooled effect of telehealth interventions on the treatment adherence of HIV patients. METHODS The researchers conducted literature searches in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. In addition, open grey was systematically searched until January 2022 for RCTs around the effects of telehealth on adherence to treatment ART among patients with HIV. Each study's methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Pooled Standard Mean Differences (SMD) and Risk Ratio (RR) with 95% CI were calculated using the random effects model. RESULTS In total, 12 eligible articles were considered in the present systematic review. A random-effects meta-analysis using 5 RCTs yielded the pooled RR estimate of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.35, p < 0.05); I2 = 0, suggesting the adherence to treatment among patients with HIV who received telehealth intervention was significantly 18% upper than control groups. Moreover, the random effects analysis of SMD showed a positive effect for telehealth with SMR = 0.36 (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.49, p < 0.05); I2 = 91.9%, indicating that telehealth intervention increased ART adherence to the treatment group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Telehealth intervention as a new modality of health care service delivery could be a valuable strategy to improve ART adherence among patients with HIV. It can strengthen the capacity of HIV care services. On a large scale, telehealth can be utilized as a supplementary component for ART delivery and retention toward successful adherence to the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Davtalab Esmaeili
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hosein Azizi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913ٌWomen’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Dastgiri
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila R. Kalankesh
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Rahman TFA, Nayan NM. Text Messages for Depression, Anxiety and Alcohol Abuse Therapy-Are Construction Guidelines Needed? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15701. [PMID: 36497775 PMCID: PMC9737776 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of text messaging therapy in improving mental health conditions, limited attention has been paid to how the text messages are constructed. Thus, this study questions whether there is a need to develop a model of text message construction for mental health therapy. In this backdrop, this study reviews how a text message for mental health therapy is constructed, specifically focused on the process and guidelines. This study also aims to identify the research gap regarding the guideline of text message construction for mental health therapy and to identify mental health professionals' practices in text messaging therapy. In addition, the opinions of mental health professionals on the need to develop a text message construction guideline were also gathered. The findings from the literature review confirmed that there are still limited guidelines explaining the process of constructing text messages for mental health therapy. Meanwhile, results from the online survey found that mental health professionals expressed a high need to explore and develop a model of text message construction for mental health therapy. With this research gap addressed, this study proposes further research into the development of a text message construction model for mental health therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teh Faradilla Abdul Rahman
- Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil, Dengkil 43800, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norshita Mat Nayan
- Institute of IR4.0, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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Glasner S, Webb J, Michero D, Motschman C, Monico L, Ang A, Pielsticker P. Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Outcomes of an Integrated Telemedicine Intervention Combining Naltrexone and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder. TELEMEDICINE REPORTS 2022; 3:184-190. [PMID: 36479135 PMCID: PMC9718429 DOI: 10.1089/tmr.2022.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A small fraction of individuals in need of treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) seek care, owing largely to barriers to accessing treatment. In the present pilot study, we examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of an m-health intervention combining cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy for individuals with AUD. METHODS Adults with AUD (N = 26) recruited through online, social media-based advertising were enrolled in a 12-week, integrated telemedicine intervention combining psychosocial treatment with medical management: Quit Genius for AUD (QG-A). Feasibility, acceptability, perceived helpfulness, treatment engagement, retention, completion, and clinical outcomes including alcohol use and secondary mental health outcomes were assessed. RESULTS Participants found the QG-A intervention to be acceptable and helpful in facilitating action toward their therapeutic goals concerning alcohol use. Treatment completion, achieved by the majority (85%) of participants, was excellent. On average, participants reduced their past 30-day alcohol use from baseline (mean proportion of days of abstinent = 0.13) to follow-up (M = 0.59), t(19) = -4.97, p < 0.001, and consumed fewer drinks per drinking day from baseline (M = 6.7) to follow-up (M = 2.0), t(19) = 3.61, p < 0.001. Concurrently, reductions were observed in depressive (t[22] = 5.39, p < 0.001) and anxiety (t[22] = 2.87, p < 0.01) symptom severity, from the moderately severe range at baseline to the mild range at treatment-end, with increases in resilience (t[22] = -3.54, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Addressing AUDs using an integrated m-health intervention to deliver evidence-based psychosocial and pharmacological treatment is feasible and may produce improvements in both alcohol use and psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzette Glasner
- Department of Clinical Affairs, Digital Therapeutics, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jamie Webb
- Department of Clinical Affairs, Digital Therapeutics, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Darcy Michero
- Department of Clinical Affairs, Digital Therapeutics, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Courtney Motschman
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Laura Monico
- Friends Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alfonso Ang
- Department of Clinical Affairs, Digital Therapeutics, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peyton Pielsticker
- Department of Clinical Affairs, Digital Therapeutics, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
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Shuper PA. The Role of Alcohol-Related Behavioral Research in the Design of HIV Secondary Prevention Interventions in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy: Targeted Research Priorities Moving Forward. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:365-380. [PMID: 33987783 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03302-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HIV secondary prevention focuses on averting onward HIV transmission, which can be realized when people living with HIV enact requisite HIV care continuum-related behaviors to achieve viral suppression, and engage in condom-protected sex when virally unsuppressed. Alcohol has been detrimentally linked to all aspects of HIV secondary prevention, and although a growing number of behavioral interventions account for and address alcohol use within this realm, further efforts are needed to fully realize the potential of such initiatives. The present article proposes a series of targeted priorities to inform the future design, implementation, and evaluation of alcohol-related behavioral intervention research within the scope of HIV secondary prevention. These priorities and corresponding approaches account for the challenges of resource-constrained clinic environments; capitalize on technology; and address key comorbidities. This framework provides the foundation for a range of alcohol-related behavioral interventions that could potentially enhance global HIV secondary prevention efforts in the years ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Shuper
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Institute for Collaboration On Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Urits I, Callan J, Moore WC, Fuller MC, Renschler JS, Fisher P, Jung JW, Hasoon J, Eskander J, Kaye AD, Viswanath O. Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2020; 34:409-426. [PMID: 33004156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in women is defined as noncyclical and persistent pain lasting more than six months perceived to be related to the pelvis. There are many etiologies that can cause CPP, including gynecologic, urologic, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neurologic, and psychosocial. There is a strong association between psychological factors and CPP. It has been noted that almost half of women being treated for CPP report a history of sexual, physical, or emotional trauma. Women with CPP have been noted to have higher rates of psychological disorders in comparison to their peers. For men, the most common etiology for CPP is chronic prostatitis and there are also correlations with psychological disorders. There are many different treatment options for CPP: surgical, pharmacological, and non-pharmacological (alternative therapies). Cognitive-behavioral therapy may be another option when treating chronic pelvic pain syndrome and should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Urits
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA.
| | - Jessica Callan
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Anesthesiology, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Warner C Moore
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - Jordan S Renschler
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Paul Fisher
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Jai Won Jung
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jamal Hasoon
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Eskander
- Portsmouth Anesthesia Associates, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Portsmouth, VA, USA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Omar Viswanath
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Anesthesiology, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Omaha, NE, USA; Valley Pain Consultants - Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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