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Paiva ASS, Santos GF, Castro CP, Rodriguez DA, Bilal U, de Sousa Filho JF, Freitas A, Montes F, Dronova I, Barreto ML, Andrade RFS. A scaling investigation of urban form features in Latin America cities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293518. [PMID: 38109440 PMCID: PMC10727436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper examines scaling behaviors of urban landscape and street design metrics with respect to city population in Latin America. We used data from the SALURBAL project, which has compiled and harmonized data on health, social, and built environment for 371 Latin American cities above 100,000 inhabitants. These metrics included total urbanized area, effective mesh size, area in km2 and number of streets. We obtained scaling relations by regressing log(metric) on log (city population). The results show an overall sub-linear scaling behavior of most variables, indicating a relatively lower value of each variable in larger cities. We also explored the potential influence of colonization on the current built environment, by analyzing cities colonized by Portuguese (Brazilian cities) or Spaniards (Other cities in Latin America) separately. We found that the scaling behaviors are similar for both sets of cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aureliano S. S. Paiva
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gervásio F. Santos
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Economics Faculty, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Caio P. Castro
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. Rodriguez
- Department of City and Regional Planning and Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Usama Bilal
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - J. Firmino de Sousa Filho
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Economics Faculty, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Anderson Freitas
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Felipe Montes
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Social and Health Complexity Center, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Iryna Dronova
- Department of Landscape Architecture & Environmental Planning, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Maurício L. Barreto
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Roberto F. S. Andrade
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Arcaute E, Ramasco JJ. Recent advances in urban system science: Models and data. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272863. [PMID: 35976953 PMCID: PMC9384974 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cities are characterized by the presence of a dense population with a high potential for interactions between individuals of diverse backgrounds. They appear in parallel to the Neolithic revolution a few millennia ago. The advantages brought in terms of agglomeration for economy, innovation, social and cultural advancements have kept them as a major landmark in recent human history. There are many different aspects to study in urban systems from a scientific point of view, one can concentrate in demography and population evolution, mobility, economic output, land use and urban planning, home accessibility and real estate market, energy and water consumption, waste processing, health, education, integration of minorities, just to name a few. In the last decade, the introduction of communication and information technologies have enormously facilitated the collection of datasets on these and other questions, making possible a more quantitative approach to city science. All these topics have been addressed in many works in the literature, and we do not intend to offer here a systematic review. Instead, we will only provide a brief taste of some of these above-mentioned aspects, which could serve as an introduction to the collection ‘Cities as Complex Systems’. Such a non-systematic view will lead us to leave outside many relevant papers, and for this we must apologise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Arcaute
- Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (EA); (JJR)
| | - José J. Ramasco
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- * E-mail: (EA); (JJR)
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Feng W, Li B, Chen Z, Liu P. City size based scaling of the urban internal nodes layout. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250348. [PMID: 33891635 PMCID: PMC8064428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The size of a city is not only essential for depicting the scale of the urban system, but also crucial to support the prosperity, order, and high-speed developments. However, its relation to the underlying urban structure has not been empirically investigated in detail. To examine the impact of city size on the city structure and quantify structural features, in this study, a statistical analysis was performed based on network science and an interdisciplinary theoretical system. To obtain the statistical law of internal node layout, the urban system was regarded as a complete graph weighted by the Euclidean distance. The relationship between the urban internal nodes layout (points of interest data, Weibo check-in data, and central point of road intersection data) and the city size was established. The results confirmed the existence of statistical laws in the layout of urban spatial elements, and explored the relationship between the changes in urban node network structure and inequality. This study provided a new perspective of urban structure to understand the complexity of the city, and suggested an approach to adjust this structure to narrow down the gap between the urban and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Feng
- Faculty of Architecture, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Bayi Li
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Zebin Chen
- Department of Architecture, National Univeristy of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Dong L, Huang Z, Zhang J, Liu Y. Understanding the mesoscopic scaling patterns within cities. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21201. [PMID: 33273607 PMCID: PMC7712915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding quantitative relationships between urban elements is crucial for a wide range of applications. The observation at the macroscopic level demonstrates that the aggregated urban quantities (e.g., gross domestic product) scale systematically with population sizes across cities, also known as urban scaling laws. However, at the mesoscopic level, we lack an understanding of whether the simple scaling relationship holds within cities, which is a fundamental question regarding the spatial origin of scaling in urban systems. Here, by analyzing four extensive datasets covering millions of mobile phone users and urban facilities, we investigate the scaling phenomena within cities. We find that the mesoscopic infrastructure volume and socioeconomic activity scale sub- and super-linearly with the active population, respectively. For a same scaling phenomenon, however, the exponents vary in cities of similar population sizes. To explain these empirical observations, we propose a conceptual framework by considering the heterogeneous distributions of population and facilities, and the spatial interactions between them. Analytical and numerical results suggest that, despite the large number of complexities that influence urban activities, the simple interaction rules can effectively explain the observed regularity and heterogeneity in scaling behaviors within cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Senseable City Lab, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Zhou Huang
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- School of System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Ribeiro FL, Meirelles J, Netto VM, Neto CR, Baronchelli A. Correction: On the relation between transversal and longitudinal scaling in cities. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240758. [PMID: 33031448 PMCID: PMC7544101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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