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Chu X, Wang M, Qiu X, Huang Y, Li T, Otieno E, Li N, Luo L, Xiao X. Strategies for constructing pluripotent stem cell- and progenitor cell-derived three-dimensional cardiac micro-tissues. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:488-503. [PMID: 34397148 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cardiac micro-tissue is a promising model for simulating the structural and functional features of heart in vitro. This scientific achievement provides a platform for exploration about the mechanisms on the development, damage, and regeneration of tissue, hence, paving a way toward development of novel therapies for heart diseases. However, 3D micro-tissue technology is still in its infant stages faced with many challenges such as incompleteness of the tissue microarchitecture, loss of the resident immune cells, poor reproducibility, and deficiencies in continuously feeding the nutrients and removing wastes during micro-tissue culturing. There is an urgent need to optimize the construction of 3D cardiac micro-tissue and improve functions of the involved cells. Therefore, scaffolds and cell resources for building 3D cardiac micro-tissues, strategies for inducing the maturation and functionalization of pluripotent stem cell- or cardiac progenitor cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and the major challenges were reviewed in this writing to enable future fabrication of 3D cardiac micro-tissues or organoids for drug screening, disease modeling, regeneration treatment, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Chu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Laboratory Animals Science, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Animal Husbandry Engineering, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Edward Otieno
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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