1
|
Panagaki T, Janickova L, Petrovic D, Zuhra K, Ditrói T, Jurányi EP, Bremer O, Ascenção K, Philipp TM, Nagy P, Filipovic MR, Szabo C. Neurobehavioral dysfunction in a mouse model of Down syndrome: upregulation of cystathionine β-synthase, H 2S overproduction, altered protein persulfidation, synaptic dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01146-8. [PMID: 38558215 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition where the person is born with an extra chromosome 21. DS is associated with accelerated aging; people with DS are prone to age-related neurological conditions including an early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Using the Dp(17)3Yey/ + mice, which overexpresses a portion of mouse chromosome 17, which encodes for the transsulfuration enzyme cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), we investigated the functional role of the CBS/hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway in the pathogenesis of neurobehavioral dysfunction in DS. The data demonstrate that CBS is higher in the brain of the DS mice than in the brain of wild-type mice, with primary localization in astrocytes. DS mice exhibited impaired recognition memory and spatial learning, loss of synaptosomal function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy. Treatment of mice with aminooxyacetate, a prototypical CBS inhibitor, improved neurobehavioral function, reduced the degree of reactive gliosis in the DS brain, increased the ability of the synaptosomes to generate ATP, and reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress. H2S levels in the brain of DS mice were higher than in wild-type mice, but, unexpectedly, protein persulfidation was decreased. Many of the above alterations were more pronounced in the female DS mice. There was a significant dysregulation of metabolism in the brain of DS mice, which affected amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, endocannabinoid, and nucleotide metabolites; some of these alterations were reversed by treatment of the mice with the CBS inhibitor. Thus, the CBS/H2S pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of neurological dysfunction in DS in the current animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Panagaki
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Janickova
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Dunja Petrovic
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-E.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Tamás Ditrói
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter P Jurányi
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olivier Bremer
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Ascenção
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Thilo M Philipp
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, HUN-REN-UVMB Laboratory of Redox Biology Research Group, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Chemistry Institute, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-E.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kong X, Lin K, Wu G, Tao X, Zhai X, Lv L, Dong D, Zhu Y, Yang S. Machine Learning Techniques Applied to the Study of Drug Transporters. Molecules 2023; 28:5936. [PMID: 37630188 PMCID: PMC10459831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advancement of computer technology, machine learning-based artificial intelligence technology has been increasingly integrated and applied in the fields of medicine, biology, and pharmacy, thereby facilitating their development. Transporters have important roles in influencing drug resistance, drug-drug interactions, and tissue-specific drug targeting. The investigation of drug transporter substrates and inhibitors is a crucial aspect of pharmaceutical development. However, long duration and high expenses pose significant challenges in the investigation of drug transporters. In this review, we discuss the present situation and challenges encountered in applying machine learning techniques to investigate drug transporters. The transporters involved include ABC transporters (P-gp, BCRP, MRPs, and BSEP) and SLC transporters (OAT, OATP, OCT, MATE1,2-K, and NET). The aim is to offer a point of reference for and assistance with the progression of drug transporter research, as well as the advancement of more efficient computer technology. Machine learning methods are valuable and attractive for helping with the study of drug transporter substrates and inhibitors, but continuous efforts are still needed to develop more accurate and reliable predictive models and to apply them in the screening process of drug development to improve efficiency and success rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| | - Kexin Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| | - Gaolei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Group, Dalian 116024, China;
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| | - Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| | - Linlin Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| | - Shilei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (X.K.); (K.L.); (X.T.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (D.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Álvarez-Fernández L, Gomez-Gomez A, Haro N, García-Lino AM, Álvarez AI, Pozo OJ, Merino G. ABCG2 transporter plays a key role in the biodistribution of melatonin and its main metabolites. J Pineal Res 2023; 74:e12849. [PMID: 36562106 PMCID: PMC10078363 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette G2 (ABCG2) is an efflux transporter expressed in the apical membrane of cells from a large number of tissues, directly affecting bioavailability, tissue accumulation, and secretion into milk of both xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. The aim of this work was to characterize the role of ABCG2 in the systemic distribution and secretion into milk of melatonin and its main metabolites, 6-hydroxymelatonin, and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin. For this purpose, we first showed that these three molecules are transported by this transporter using in vitro transepithelial assays with MDCK-II polarized cells transduced with different species variants of ABCG2. Second, we tested the in vivo effect of murine Abcg2 in the systemic distribution of melatonin and its metabolites using wild-type and Abcg2-/- mice. Our results show that after oral administration of melatonin, the plasma concentration of melatonin metabolites in Abcg2-/- mice was between 1.5 and 6-fold higher compared to the wild-type mice. We also evaluated in these animals differences in tissue accumulation of melatonin metabolites. The most relevant differences between both types of mice were found for small intestine and kidney (>sixfold increase for 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in Abcg2-/- mice). Finally, melatonin secretion into milk was also affected by the murine Abcg2 transporter, with a twofold higher milk concentration in wild-type compared with Abcg2-/- lactating female mice. In addition, melatonin metabolites showed a higher milk-to-plasma ratio in wild-type mice. Overall, our results show that the ABCG2 transporter plays a critical role in the biodistribution of melatonin and its main metabolites, thereby potentially affecting their biological and therapeutic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Álvarez-Fernández
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Animal Health Institute (INDEGSAL), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Alex Gomez-Gomez
- Applied Metabolomics Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Haro
- Applied Metabolomics Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba M García-Lino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Animal Health Institute (INDEGSAL), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Ana I Álvarez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Animal Health Institute (INDEGSAL), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Oscar J Pozo
- Applied Metabolomics Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gracia Merino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Physiology, Animal Health Institute (INDEGSAL), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naseem A, Pal A, Gowan S, Asad Y, Donovan A, Temesszentandrási-Ambrus C, Kis E, Gaborik Z, Bhalay G, Raynaud F. Intracellular Metabolomics Identifies Efflux Transporter Inhibitors in a Routine Caco-2 Cell Permeability Assay-Biological Implications. Cells 2022; 11:3286. [PMID: 36291153 PMCID: PMC9601193 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Caco-2 screens are routinely used in laboratories to measure the permeability of compounds and can identify substrates of efflux transporters. In this study, we hypothesized that efflux transporter inhibition of a compound can be predicted by an intracellular metabolic signature in Caco-2 cells in the assay used to test intestinal permeability. Using selective inhibitors and transporter knock-out (KO) cells and a targeted Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) method, we identified 11 metabolites increased in cells with depleted P-glycoprotein (Pgp) activity. Four metabolites were altered with Breast Cancer Resistance (BCRP) inhibition and nine metabolites were identified in the Multidrug Drug Resistance Protein 2 (MRP2) signature. A scoring system was created that could discriminate among the three transporters and validated with additional inhibitors. Pgp and MRP2 substrates did not score as inhibitors. In contrast, BCRP substrates and inhibitors showed a similar intracellular metabolomic signature. Network analysis of signature metabolites led us to investigate changes of enzymes in one-carbon metabolism (folate and methionine cycles). Our data shows that methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) protein levels increased with Pgp inhibition and Thymidylate synthase (TS) protein levels were reduced with Pgp and MRP2 inhibition. In addition, the methionine cycle is also affected by both Pgp and MRP2 inhibition. In summary, we demonstrated that the routine Caco-2 assay has the potential to identify efflux transporter inhibitors in parallel with substrates in the assays currently used in many DMPK laboratories and that inhibition of efflux transporters has biological consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afia Naseem
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Rd., Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Akos Pal
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Rd., Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Sharon Gowan
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Rd., Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Yasmin Asad
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Rd., Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Adam Donovan
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Rd., Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Emese Kis
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Charles River Company, Irinyi József u. 4-20, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Gaborik
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Charles River Company, Irinyi József u. 4-20, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gurdip Bhalay
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Rd., Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Florence Raynaud
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Rd., Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| |
Collapse
|