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Au-Yeung T, Philpot R, Stott C, Radburn M, Drury J. Spontaneous public response to a marauding knife attack on the London underground: Sociality, coordination and a repertoire of actions evidenced by CCTV footage. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 63:767-791. [PMID: 38047586 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Across a range of recent terrorist attacks in the United Kingdom, the question of how crowds behave in confined public space is an important concern. Classical theoretical assumptions are that human behaviour in such contexts is relatively uniform, self-interested and pathological. We contest these assumptions by reporting on a study of public response to a marauding knife attack that occurred on London's underground rail network in 2015. The analysis draws primarily upon footage from 27 CCTV cameras positioned across the station footprint supplemented by social media, news footage, radio logs and incident reports. Using an innovative methodology, we topographically and chronologically mapped behaviours during the incident. The analysis demonstrates that while rapid egressions occurred as the threat escalated, at every phase of the incident members of the public intervened spontaneously with coordinated, purposeful, socially oriented actions. This behavioural pattern contrasts with classical assumptions of a chaotic and apathetic crowd in emergencies. We highlight eight complementary categories of actions in the public response that appeared functional for the collective safety of the crowd during the short period before the police arrived. The policy implications for emergency planning, and the methodological innovations involving the use of video data are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Au-Yeung
- Keele Policing Academic Collaboration (KPAC), School of Psychology, University of Keele, Keele, UK
| | - Richard Philpot
- Department of Psychology, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK
| | - Clifford Stott
- Keele Policing Academic Collaboration (KPAC), School of Psychology, University of Keele, Keele, UK
| | - Matt Radburn
- Keele Policing Academic Collaboration (KPAC), School of Psychology, University of Keele, Keele, UK
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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Denardo D. Is COVID-19 Like a Zombie Apocalypse? Using Horror Films to Examine the Pandemic and Social Inequalities. TEACHING SOCIOLOGY 2022; 50:322-330. [PMID: 38603403 PMCID: PMC9444814 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221120857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has both exposed and exacerbated many enduring social inequalities in countries throughout the world. Sociology instructors are thus likely to incorporate content related to this relationship between the pandemic and inequalities in their courses. This article explores the potential of horror films, specifically the subgenre of zombie apocalypse, as a teaching tool for critically analyzing social inequalities and the COVID-19 pandemic. To examine the usefulness of this subgenre of film, I describe and evaluate an assignment and class discussion.
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Parental Perspectives of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Food-Related Behaviors: Systematic Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182851. [PMID: 36140979 PMCID: PMC9498514 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by dramatic changes in household food dynamics that can significantly influence health. This systematic literature review presents parental perspectives of the impact of COVID-19 lockdown (up to 30 June 2022) on food preparation and meal routines, as well as other food-related behaviors, capturing both favorable and unfavorable changes in the household food environment. Themes and trends are identified and associations with other lifestyle factors are assessed. Overall, families enjoyed more time together around food, including planning meals, cooking, and eating together. Eating more diverse foods and balanced home-cooked meals (e.g., fresh fruit and vegetables) was combined with overeating and increased snacking (e.g., high-calorie snacks, desserts, and sweets), as parents became more permissive towards food; however, food insecurity increased among families with the lowest income. Adoption of meal planning skills and online shopping behavior emerged alongside behaviors aimed at self-sufficiency, such as bulk purchasing and stockpiling of non-perishable processed foods. These results are an important first step in recognizing how this pandemic may be affecting the family food environment, including low-income families. Future obesity prevention and treatment initiatives, but also ongoing efforts to address food management, parental feeding practices, and food insecurity, can account for these changes moving forward.
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Jagtap S, Trollman H, Trollman F, Garcia-Garcia G, Parra-López C, Duong L, Martindale W, Munekata PES, Lorenzo JM, Hdaifeh A, Hassoun A, Salonitis K, Afy-Shararah M. The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Its Implications for the Global Food Supply Chains. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142098. [PMID: 35885340 PMCID: PMC9318935 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Food is one of the most traded goods, and the conflict in Ukraine, one of the European breadbaskets, has triggered a significant additional disruption in the global food supply chains after the COVID-19 impact. The disruption to food output, supply chains, availability, and affordability could have a long-standing impact. As a result, the availability and supply of a wide range of food raw materials and finished food products are under threat, and global markets have seen recent increases in food prices. Furthermore, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict has adversely affected food supply chains, with significant effects on production, sourcing, manufacturing, processing, logistics, and significant shifts in demand between nations reliant on imports from Ukraine. This paper aims to analyze the impacts of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine on the effectiveness and responsiveness of the global food supply chains. A PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, including grey literature, was deployed to investigate six key areas of the food supply chains that would be impacted most due to the ongoing war. Findings include solutions and strategies to mitigate supply chain impacts such as alternative food raw materials, suppliers and supply chain partners supported by technological innovations to ensure food safety and quality in warlike situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Jagtap
- Sustainable Manufacturing Systems Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport & Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (K.S.); (M.A.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hana Trollman
- Department of Work, Employment, Management and Organisations, School of Business, The University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
| | - Frank Trollman
- Glenfield Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, NHS Trust, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK;
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Garcia
- Department of Agrifood System Economics, Centre ‘Camino de Purchil’, Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), 18080 Granada, Spain; (G.G.-G.); (C.P.-L.)
| | - Carlos Parra-López
- Department of Agrifood System Economics, Centre ‘Camino de Purchil’, Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), 18080 Granada, Spain; (G.G.-G.); (C.P.-L.)
| | - Linh Duong
- Faculty of Business and Law, The University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
| | - Wayne Martindale
- National Centre for Food Manufacturing, University of Lincoln, Holbeach PE12 7PT, UK;
| | - Paulo E. S. Munekata
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia n 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia n 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Area de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Ammar Hdaifeh
- Agri-Food Sustainability Assessment, University de Lorraine, 54600 Nancy, France;
| | - Abdo Hassoun
- Sustainable AgriFoodTech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), 62000 Arras, France;
- Syrian Academic Expertise (SAE), Gaziantep 27200, Turkey
| | - Konstantinos Salonitis
- Sustainable Manufacturing Systems Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport & Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (K.S.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Mohamed Afy-Shararah
- Sustainable Manufacturing Systems Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport & Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (K.S.); (M.A.-S.)
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