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Ramos AG. Resistance Training Intensity Prescription Methods Based on Lifting Velocity Monitoring. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:257-266. [PMID: 37607576 DOI: 10.1055/a-2158-3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Resistance training intensity is commonly quantified as the load lifted relative to an individual's maximal dynamic strength. This approach, known as percent-based training, necessitates evaluating the one-repetition maximum (1RM) for the core exercises incorporated in a resistance training program. However, a major limitation of rigid percent-based training lies in the demanding nature of directly testing the 1RM from technical, physical, and psychological perspectives. A potential solution that has gained popularity in the last two decades to facilitate the implementation of percent-based training involves the estimation of the 1RM by recording the lifting velocity against submaximal loads. This review examines the three main methods for prescribing relative loads (%1RM) based on lifting velocity monitoring: (i) velocity zones, (ii) generalized load-velocity relationships, and (iii) individualized load-velocity relationships. The article concludes by discussing a number of factors that should be considered for simplifying the testing procedures while maintaining the accuracy of individualized L-V relationships to predict the 1RM and establish the resultant individualized %1RM-velocity relationship: (i) exercise selection, (ii) type of velocity variable, (iii) regression model, (iv) number of loads, (v) location of experimental points on the load-velocity relationship, (vi) minimal velocity threshold, (vii) provision of velocity feedback, and (viii) velocity monitoring device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amador García Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
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Marques DL, Neiva HP, Marinho DA, Marques MC. Changes in strength-related outcomes following velocity-monitored resistance training with 10 % and 20 % velocity loss in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2024; 186:112361. [PMID: 38232787 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
We compared the effects of velocity-monitored resistance training with an intra-set velocity loss (i.e., the decrement in repetition velocity over the set) of 10 % vs. 20 % on strength-related outcomes in older adults. We randomly assigned eighteen older adults to a velocity loss group of 10 % (n = 10; 78 ± 12 years) or 20 % (n = 8; 73 ± 10 years) to perform a 10-week training program. The primary outcomes were the one-repetition maximum (1RM) and the average mean velocity against absolute loads associated with loads <60 % 1RM (MVlow) and ≥ 60 % 1RM (MVhigh) in the leg and chest press exercises, assessed at pre-, mid- (week 5), and post-test. Secondary outcomes included handgrip strength, 1-kg medicine ball throw distance, 10-m walking time, and five-repetition sit-to-stand time. No differences between groups were found in any outcome at any time (p > 0.05). Both groups improved the 1RM leg press from pre- to mid- and post-test and the MVlow and MVhigh from pre- to mid-test (p < 0.05). No group improved the 1RM chest press (p > 0.05), but both increased the MVlow from pre- to mid-test (p < 0.05). Furthermore, both groups improved the sit-to-stand time, while only the 20 % velocity loss group significantly improved handgrip strength and 10-m walking time (p < 0.05). The results showed that both velocity losses improved leg press strength and velocity, chest press velocity, and sit-to-stand time in older adults, although a 10 % velocity loss was more efficient as it required less volume (i.e., total repetitions) than 20 %. Nevertheless, the latter seems required to optimize handgrip strength and 10-m walking time in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Luís Marques
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Henrique Pereira Neiva
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniel Almeida Marinho
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mário Cardoso Marques
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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Franco-López F, Pérez-Caballero C, Buendía-Romero Á, Borrego ER, Martínez-Cava A, Pallarés JG, Hernández-Belmonte A. Load-velocity Relationship of the Bench Press Exercise is not Affected by Breast Cancer Surgery and Adjuvant Therapy. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:110-115. [PMID: 37956877 DOI: 10.1055/a-2184-9078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of breast cancer surgery and adjuvant therapy on the relationship between bar velocity and relative intensity (load-velocity [L-V] relationship) of the bench press (BP) exercise. Twenty-two breast cancer survivors (age: 48.0±8.2 yr., relative strength: 0.40±0.08) completed a loading test up to the one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the BP using a lightweight carbon bar. General and individual relationships between relative intensity (%1RM) and mean propulsive velocity (MPV) were studied. Furthermore, the mean test velocity (MPVTest) and velocity attained to the 1RM (MPV1RM) were analyzed. These procedures and analyses were also conducted in 22 healthy women (age: 47.8±7.1 yr., relative strength: 0.41±0.09) to examine the differences in velocity parameters derived from these L-V relationships. Polynomial regressions showed very close relationships (R2≥0.965) and reduced estimation errors (≤4.9% 1RM) for both groups. Between-group differences in MPV attained to each %1RM were small (≤0.01 m·s-1) and not significant (p≥0.685). Similarly, the MPVTest (0.59±0.06 m·s-1) and MPV1RM (0.17±0.03 m·s-1) were identical for breast cancer survivors and healthy women. These results suggest that practitioners could use the same velocity parameters derived from the BP L-V relationship to prescribe this exercise in middle-aged women, regardless of whether they have suffered from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Franco-López
- Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Ángel Buendía-Romero
- Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo R Borrego
- Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Cava
- Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús G Pallarés
- Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Delaire L, Courtay A, Humblot J, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Mourey F, Racine AN, Gilbert T, Niasse-Sy Z, Bonnefoy M. Implementation and Core Components of a Multimodal Program including Exercise and Nutrition in Prevention and Treatment of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4100. [PMID: 37836384 PMCID: PMC10574358 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing disability-free life expectancy is a crucial issue to optimize active ageing and to reduce the burden of evitable medical costs. One of the main challenges is to develop pragmatic and personalized prevention strategies in order to prevent frailty, counteract adverse outcomes such as falls and mobility disability, and to improve quality of life. Strong evidence reports the effectiveness of exercise interventions to improve various physical parameters and muscle function that are cornerstones of frailty. Other findings also suggest that the interactions between nutrition and physical exercise with or without health behavior promotion prevent the development of frailty. Multimodal programs, including structured exercise, adequate dietary intervention and health behavior promotion, appear increasingly consensual. However, in order for implementation in real-life settings, some pitfalls need to be addressed. In this perspective, structuring and tailoring feasible, acceptable and sustainable interventions to optimize exercise training responses are essential conditions to warrant short, medium and long-term individual benefits. The different components of exercise programs appear to be fairly consensual and effective. However, specific composition of the programs proposed (frequency, intensity, type, time, volume and progressiveness) have to be tailored to individual characteristics and objectives in order to improve exercise responses. The intervention approaches, behavioral strategies and indications for these programs also need to be refined and framed. The main objective of this work is to guide the actions of healthcare professionals and enable them to widely and effectively implement multimodal programs including exercise, nutrition and behavioral strategies in real-life settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Delaire
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Aymeric Courtay
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Joannès Humblot
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Mylène Aubertin-Leheudre
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada;
- Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Département des Sciences de l’Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), Montréal, QC H2L 2C4, Canada
| | - France Mourey
- Laboratoire CAPS (Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice), Inserm U1093, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne, Campus Universitaire, BP 27877, 21078 Dijon, France;
| | | | - Thomas Gilbert
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
- RESHAPE Research on Healthcare Professionals and Performance, Inserm U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Zeinabou Niasse-Sy
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Marc Bonnefoy
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
- Inserm U1060-CarMeN, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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