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Gocer O, Wei Y, Ozbil Torun A, Alvanides S, Candido C. Multidimensional attributes of neighbourhood quality: A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22636. [PMID: 38034601 PMCID: PMC10687291 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Gocer
- School of Architecture, Design and Planning, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Architecture, Design and Planning, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ayse Ozbil Torun
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Seraphim Alvanides
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christhina Candido
- Melbourne School of Design, Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Pineo H. Towards healthy urbanism: inclusive, equitable and sustainable (THRIVES) - an urban design and planning framework from theory to praxis. CITIES & HEALTH 2022; 6:974-992. [PMID: 39444987 PMCID: PMC7616730 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2020.1769527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The globally distributed health impacts of environmental degradation and widening population inequalities require a fundamental shift in understandings of healthy urbanism - including policies and decisions that shape neighbourhood and building design. The built environment tends to disadvantage or exclude women, children, the elderly, disabled, poor and other groups, starting from design and planning stages through to occupation, and this results in avoidable health impacts. Although these concepts are not new, they are rapidly emerging as built environment research and practice priorities without clear understanding of the interconnected aims of healthy environments that are sustainable, equitable and inclusive. This article promotes a new framework - Towards Healthy uRbanism: InclusiVe Equitable Sustainable (THRIVES) - that extends previous conceptualisations and reorients focus towards the existential threat of environmental breakdown and the social injustice created through inequitable and exclusive urban governance and design processes and outcomes. The Framework was developed through synthesising knowledge from research and practice, and by testing this new conceptualisation in a participatory workshop. Ongoing research is exploring implementation of the Framework in practice. If widely adopted, this Framework may contribute towards achieving the goals of sustainable development through a focus on increasing human health and wellbeing in urban development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pineo
- Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, London, UK
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Pineo H, Glonti K, Rutter H, Zimmermann N, Wilkinson P, Davies M. Use of Urban Health Indicator Tools by Built Environment Policy- and Decision-Makers: a Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis. J Urban Health 2020; 97:418-435. [PMID: 31482385 PMCID: PMC7305281 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-019-00378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Global initiatives have raised awareness of the need for cross-departmental and cross-sectoral activities to support urban health, sustainability, and equity, with respective indicators routinely used as a way to catalyze and monitor action toward pre-defined goals. Despite the existence of at least 145 urban health indicator (UHI) tools globally, there has been very little research on the use of indicators by policy- and decision-makers; more attention has been devoted to their development and validation. This paper describes the second part of a two-part systematic review of the characteristics (part A) and use (part B, this part) of UHI tools by municipal built environment policy- and decision-makers. Part B is a narrative synthesis of studies on the use of UHI tools. This PRISMA-P compliant review follows a mixed methods sequential explanatory design. The search was conducted using seven bibliographic databases, grey literature searches, and key journal hand searches. Ten studies describing the use of ten UHI tools in seven countries were included in the narrative synthesis, resulting in development of a theory of change (ToC). We found that both expert-led and participatory indicator projects can be underpinned by research evidence and residents' knowledge. Our findings contradict the dominant view of indicator use in policy-making as a linear process, highlighting a number of technical, organizational, political, knowledge, and contextual factors that affect their use. Participatory UHI tools with community involvement were generally more effective at supporting "health in all policies" and "whole-of-society" approaches to governing healthy cities than expert-led processes. UHI tool producers proposed a range of techniques to address urban health complexity characteristics. Finally, in combining data from both parts of the review, we found that potentially important UHI tool features, such as neighbourhood-scale data, were influential in the use of indicators by built environment policy- and decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pineo
- Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN, UK.
| | - Ketevan Glonti
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Split, Split, Croatia.,INSERM, U1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center (CRESS), Methods of Therapeutic Evaluation of Chronic Diseases Team (METHODS), 75014, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social & Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Nici Zimmermann
- Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN, UK
| | - Paul Wilkinson
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Michael Davies
- Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN, UK
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Pineo H, Zimmermann N, Cosgrave E, Aldridge RW, Acuto M, Rutter H. Promoting a healthy cities agenda through indicators: development of a global urban environment and health index. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2018.1429180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pineo
- Building Research Establishment, Bucknalls Lane, Watford, WD25 9XX
- Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN
| | - Nici Zimmermann
- Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN
| | - Ellie Cosgrave
- Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy, University College London, Boston House, 36-37 Fitzroy Square, London, W1T 6EY
| | - Robert W. Aldridge
- Centre for Public Health Data Science, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, 222 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DA
- The Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, 222 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DA
| | - Michele Acuto
- Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy, University College London, Boston House, 36-37 Fitzroy Square, London, W1T 6EY
| | - Harry Rutter
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH
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Pineo H, Glonti K, Rutter H, Zimmermann N, Wilkinson P, Davies M. Characteristics and use of urban health indicator tools by municipal built environment policy and decision-makers: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2017; 6:2. [PMID: 28086971 PMCID: PMC5237355 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is wide agreement that there is a lack of attention to health in municipal environmental policy-making, such as urban planning and regeneration. Explanations for this include differing professional norms between health and urban environment professionals, system complexity and limited evidence for causality between attributes of the built environment and health outcomes. Data from urban health indicator (UHI) tools are potentially a valuable form of evidence for local government policy and decision-makers. Although many UHI tools have been specifically developed to inform policy, there is poor understanding of how they are used. This study aims to identify the nature and characteristics of UHI tools and their use by municipal built environment policy and decision-makers. METHODS Health and social sciences databases (ASSIA, Campbell Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, Social Policy and Practice and Web of Science Core Collection) will be searched for studies using UHI tools alongside hand-searching of key journals and citation searches of included studies. Advanced searches of practitioner websites and Google will also be used to find grey literature. Search results will be screened for UHI tools, and for studies which report on or evaluate the use of such tools. Data about UHI tools will be extracted to compile a census and taxonomy of existing tools based on their specific characteristics and purpose. In addition, qualitative and quantitative studies about the use of these tools will be appraised using quality appraisal tools produced by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and synthesised in order to gain insight into the perceptions, value and use of UHI tools in the municipal built environment policy and decision-making process. This review is not registered with PROSPERO. DISCUSSION This systematic review focuses specifically on UHI tools that assess the physical environment's impact on health (such as transport, housing, air quality and greenspace). This study will help indicator producers understand whether this form of evidence is of value to built environment policy and decision-makers and how such tools should be tailored for this audience. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pineo
- Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN, UK.
| | - Ketevan Glonti
- ECOHOST-The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
| | - Harry Rutter
- ECOHOST-The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
| | - Nicole Zimmermann
- Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN, UK
| | - Paul Wilkinson
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Michael Davies
- Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, Central House, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN, UK
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Webber WL, Stoddard P, van Erp B, Baath M, Bazhaw G, Kelsey K, Schenk D, Shah R, Shoe B, Sujeer A. A Tool for Providing Data on Small Areas: Development of Neighborhood Profiles for Santa Clara County, California, 2014. Public Health Rep 2016; 131:35-43. [PMID: 26843668 DOI: 10.1177/003335491613100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on small geographic areas that can be easily accessed and updated have become essential for targeting public health programs and services. Disaggregating data at the sub-county or sub-city level has the potential to reveal disparities not otherwise evident for large geographies. As important as such data are, the methods to produce data on small geographic areas are challenging and resource-intensive, and little description and analysis of such tools exists. We describe a tool--neighborhood profiles--that provides a way for public health agencies and their partners to define neighborhood boundaries, select indicators, and disseminate data in a user-friendly format. We also share lessons learned, including the importance of involving planning departments in boundary definition to ensure relevance to the community, selecting a framework that links indicators to broader conceptual categories that can highlight disparities, and forming a team with the diverse skills necessary for planning and developing the profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Stoddard
- Santa Clara County Public Health Department, San Jose, CA; Santa Clara Valley Health and Hospital System, Center for Population Health Improvement, San Jose, CA
| | | | - Mandeep Baath
- Santa Clara County Public Health Department, San Jose, CA
| | - Greg Bazhaw
- Santa Clara County Department of Planning and Development, Planning Office, San Jose, CA
| | - Kate Kelsey
- Santa Clara County Public Health Department, San Jose, CA
| | - Douglas Schenk
- Santa Clara County Information Services Division, San Jose, CA
| | - Roshni Shah
- Santa Clara County Public Health Department, San Jose, CA
| | - Bill Shoe
- Santa Clara County Department of Planning and Development, Planning Office, San Jose, CA
| | - Anandi Sujeer
- Santa Clara County Public Health Department, San Jose, CA
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Valentijn PP, Vrijhoef HJM, Ruwaard D, Boesveld I, Arends RY, Bruijnzeels MA. Towards an international taxonomy of integrated primary care: a Delphi consensus approach. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2015; 16:64. [PMID: 25998142 PMCID: PMC4446832 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-015-0278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing integrated service models in a primary care setting is considered an essential strategy for establishing a sustainable and affordable health care system. The Rainbow Model of Integrated Care (RMIC) describes the theoretical foundations of integrated primary care. The aim of this study is to refine the RMIC by developing a consensus-based taxonomy of key features. METHODS First, the appropriateness of previously identified key features was retested by conducting an international Delphi study that was built on the results of a previous national Delphi study. Second, categorisation of the features among the RMIC integrated care domains was assessed in a second international Delphi study. Finally, a taxonomy was constructed by the researchers based on the results of the three Delphi studies. RESULTS The final taxonomy consists of 21 key features distributed over eight integration domains which are organised into three main categories: scope (person-focused vs. population-based), type (clinical, professional, organisational and system) and enablers (functional vs. normative) of an integrated primary care service model. CONCLUSIONS The taxonomy provides a crucial differentiation that clarifies and supports implementation, policy formulation and research regarding the organisation of integrated primary care. Further research is needed to develop instruments based on the taxonomy that can reveal the realm of integrated primary care in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim P Valentijn
- Jan van Es Institute, Netherlands Expert Centre Integrated Primary Care, Wisselweg 33, CB 1314, Almere, The Netherlands.
- Scientific Centre for Care and Welfare (Tranzo), Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Hubertus J M Vrijhoef
- Scientific Centre for Care and Welfare (Tranzo), Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Patient and Care, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Dirk Ruwaard
- Department of Health Services Research, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Inge Boesveld
- Jan van Es Institute, Netherlands Expert Centre Integrated Primary Care, Wisselweg 33, CB 1314, Almere, The Netherlands.
| | - Rosa Y Arends
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Marc A Bruijnzeels
- Jan van Es Institute, Netherlands Expert Centre Integrated Primary Care, Wisselweg 33, CB 1314, Almere, The Netherlands.
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