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Zautner AE, Tersteegen A, Schiffner CJ, Ðilas M, Marquardt P, Riediger M, Delker AM, Mäde D, Kaasch AJ. Human Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection via bath water – case report and genome announcement. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:981477. [PMID: 36353709 PMCID: PMC9637936 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.981477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a facultative anaerobic, environmentally stable, Gram-positive rod that causes swine and avian erysipelas as a zoonotic pathogen. In humans, the main manifestations described are circumscribed erysipeloid, generalized erysipeloid, and endocarditis. Here, we report a 46-year-old female patient who presented to the physician because of redness and marked functio laesa of the hand, in terms of a pain-related restricted range of motion, and was treated surgically. E. rhusopathiae was detected in tissue biopsy. The source of infection was considered to be a pond in which both swine and, later, her dog bathed. The genome of the isolate was completely sequenced and especially the presumptive virulence associated factors as well as the presumptive antimicrobial resistance genes, in particular a predicted homologue to the multiple sugar metabolism regulator (MsmR), several predicted two-component signal transduction systems, three predicted hemolysins, two predicted neuraminidases, three predicted hyaluronate lyases, the surface protective antigen SpaA, a subset of predicted enzymes that potentially confer resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS), several predicted phospholipases that could play a role in the escape from phagolysosomes into host cell cytoplasm as well as a predicted vancomycin resistance locus (vex23-vncRS) and three predicted MATE efflux transporters were investigated in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas E. Zautner
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Andreas E. Zautner,
| | - Aljoscha Tersteegen
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Conrad-Jakob Schiffner
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Milica Ðilas
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Pauline Marquardt
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Riediger
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Delker
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Handchirurgie Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dietrich Mäde
- Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Achim J. Kaasch
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Groeschel M, Forde T, Turvey S, Joffe AM, Hui C, Naidu P, Mavrot F, Kutz S, Singh AE. An unusual case of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae prosthetic joint infection from the Canadian Arctic: whole genome sequencing unable to identify a zoonotic source. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:282. [PMID: 30909869 PMCID: PMC6434803 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a zoonotic pathogen that causes erysipeloid and is most frequently associated with exposure to domestic swine. Infection of native and prosthetic joints is a rarely reported manifestation. Case presentation We describe a case of E. rhusiopathiae prosthetic joint infection in a woman with a history of exposure to wild animals in the Canadian Arctic. Patient management involved a 1-stage surgical revision exchange with an antibiotic impregnated cement spacer and 6 weeks of intravenous penicillin G followed by 6 weeks of oral amoxicillin. Ten previously reported cases of E. rhusiopathiae joint infection are reviewed. Recent increases in mortality due to infection with this organism among host animal populations in the Canadian Arctic have generated concern regarding a potential increase in human infections. However, whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the organism was unable to identify a zoonotic origin for this case. Conclusions Consideration should be given to E. rhusiopathiae as a cause of joint infections if the appropriate epidemiologic and host risk factors exist. Expanded use of WGS in other potential animal hosts and environmental sources may provide important epidemiologic information in determining the source of human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Groeschel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Taya Forde
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shannon Turvey
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3B20-11111 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5K 0L4, Canada
| | - A Mark Joffe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3B20-11111 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5K 0L4, Canada
| | - Catherine Hui
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Prenilla Naidu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fabien Mavrot
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Susan Kutz
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ameeta E Singh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3B20-11111 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5K 0L4, Canada.
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Andrychowski J, Jasielski P, Netczuk T, Czernicki Z. Empyema in spinal canal in thoracic region, abscesses in paravertebral space, spondylitis: in clinical course of zoonosis Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2012; 21 Suppl 4:S557-63. [PMID: 22526696 PMCID: PMC3369048 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-012-2289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Erysipelas is an animal disease caused by Gram-positive bacteria Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Among the domestic animals, domestic pig (Sus scrofa f. domestica) suffers most frequently from the disease in human environment. This is a typical animal-borne disease observed mainly in occupational groups employed in agriculture, farming (of animals and birds), fishing and manufacturing industry. METHODS We are presenting the clinical course of infection (E. rhusiopathiae) and discuss clinical forms. E. rhusiopathiae in humans may have the following clinical course: mild form of skin infection diagnosed as local erythema (erysipeloid), disseminated form of skin infection and the most serious form of infection of systemic course (endocarditis and sepsis). Mild skin infection and local erythema are the most common forms. Very rare case of animal-borne infection course has been presented in which after initial phase the disease was generalised to the abscesses formation in paravertebral space, spondylitis and empyema formation in spinal canal. In the presented clinical case, the patient was suffering from diabetes. It was probably an additional risk factor of the disease generalisation. Patient underwent drainage of empyema in spinal canal, after which his neurological status gradually improved. Antibiotic therapy was implemented and continued for 8 weeks. Such course of erysipelas was not previously described in the literature. RESULTS After therapy neurological status was improved. In follow MRI control exam empyema and spondylitis was successfully eliminated. CONCLUSIONS Various complications of the disease, such as endocarditis and heart valves disturbances, are well known and are the most severe complications of the generalised infection. Proper targeted and long-term antibiotic therapy is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Andrychowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bielanski Hospital, Ceglowska Str 80, 01-809, Warsaw, Poland.
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Finkelstein R, Oren I. Soft tissue infections caused by marine bacterial pathogens: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2011; 13:470-7. [PMID: 21785929 DOI: 10.1007/s11908-011-0199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are one of the most common infection syndromes and may be caused by a large number of microorganisms. Some principles of aquatic injuries are different than those of land-based trauma. Wounds sustained in marine environment are exposed to a milieu of bacteria rarely encountered in different settings. These include Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Shewanella spp., Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Mycobacterium marinum, Streptococcus iniae, and other microbes. Failure to recognize and treat these uncommon pathogens in a timely manner may result in significant morbidity or death. These infections are frequently contracted as a result of recreational swimming, fishing injuries, or seafood handling. The spectrum of manifestations is wide, varying from cases of mild cellulitis, to severe life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis requiring radical surgery, to sepsis and death. This review will focus on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of SSTIs caused by the most important marine pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Finkelstein
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Rambam Healthcare Campus, 31096, Haifa, Israel,
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Surrun SK, Jaufeerally FR, Sim HCJ. Erysipelothrix rhuseopathiae Septicaemia with Prolonged Hypotension: A Case Report. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2008. [DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v37n3p251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - HC James Sim
- Singapore General Hospital, SingaporeSingapore General Hospital, Singapore
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