1
|
Azuma C, Oishi T, Tohno Y, Ke L, Zhao XZ, Minami T, Horii-Hayashi N, Inoue K. Element accumulation in the tracheal and bronchial cartilages of monkeys. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 733:150699. [PMID: 39288699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Compositional changes in the tracheal and bronchial cartilages can affect respiratory ventilation and lung function. We aimed to elucidate element accumulation in the tracheal and bronchial cartilages of monkeys and divided it into four sites: the tracheal, tracheal bifurcation, left bronchial, and right bronchial cartilages. The elemental content was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The average calcium content was two to three times higher in the tracheal cartilage than in the other three cartilages. The trends of phosphorus and zinc were similar to those of calcium. The average calcium, phosphorus, and zinc cartilage contents were the highest in the tracheal cartilage and decreased in the following order: the left bronchial, right bronchial, and tracheal bifurcation cartilages. These findings revealed that differences existed in element accumulation between different sites within the same airway cartilage and that calcium, phosphorus, and zinc accumulation mainly occurred in the tracheal cartilage. A substantial direct correlation was observed between age and calcium content in the tracheal and bronchial cartilages and all such monkeys with high calcium content were > four years of age. These results suggest that calcium accumulation occurs in the tracheal and bronchial cartilages after reaching a certain age. An extremely substantial direct correlation was observed between calcium and phosphorus contents in the tracheal and bronchial cartilages. This finding is similar to the previously published calcium and phosphorus correlations in several other cartilages, suggesting that the calcium and phosphorus contents of cartilage exist in a certain ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cho Azuma
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Takao Oishi
- Systems Neuroscience Section, Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behaviors, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tohno
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Lining Ke
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histo-Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histo-Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Takeshi Minami
- Laboratory of Environmental Biology, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Noriko Horii-Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Koichi Inoue
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nam S, Cho W, Cho H, Lee J, Lee E, Son Y. Xiphoid process-derived chondrocytes: a novel cell source for elastic cartilage regeneration. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1381-91. [PMID: 25205841 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of elastic cartilage requires a source of chondrocytes that display a reliable differentiation tendency. Predetermined tissue progenitor cells are ideal candidates for meeting this need; however, it is difficult to obtain donor elastic cartilage tissue because most elastic cartilage serves important functions or forms external structures, making these tissues indispensable. We found vestigial cartilage tissue in xiphoid processes and characterized it as hyaline cartilage in the proximal region and elastic cartilage in the distal region. Xiphoid process-derived chondrocytes (XCs) showed superb in vitro expansion ability based on colony-forming unit fibroblast assays, cell yield, and cumulative cell growth. On induction of differentiation into mesenchymal lineages, XCs showed a strong tendency toward chondrogenic differentiation. An examination of the tissue-specific regeneration capacity of XCs in a subcutaneous-transplantation model and autologous chondrocyte implantation model confirmed reliable regeneration of elastic cartilage regardless of the implantation environment. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that xiphoid process cartilage, the only elastic cartilage tissue source that can be obtained without destroying external shape or function, is a source of elastic chondrocytes that show superb in vitro expansion and reliable differentiation capacity. These findings indicate that XCs could be a valuable cell source for reconstruction of elastic cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Nam
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; R&D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wheemoon Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; R&D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; R&D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsun Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; R&D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - EunAh Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; R&D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsook Son
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; R&D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|