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Martínez-Rojas VA, Jiménez-Garduño AM, Michelatti D, Tosatto L, Marchioretto M, Arosio D, Basso M, Pennuto M, Musio C. ClC-2-like Chloride Current Alterations in a Cell Model of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy, a Polyglutamine Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:662-674. [PMID: 32856205 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by expansions of a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. SBMA is associated with the progressive loss of lower motor neurons, together with muscle weakness and atrophy. PolyQ-AR is converted to a toxic species upon binding to its natural ligands, testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Our previous patch-clamp studies on a motor neuron-derived cell model of SBMA showed alterations in voltage-gated ion currents. Here, we identified and characterized chloride currents most likely belonging to the chloride channel-2 (ClC-2) subfamily, which showed significantly increased amplitudes in the SBMA cells. The treatment with the pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neuropeptide with a proven protective effect in a mouse model of SBMA, recovered chloride channel current alterations in SBMA cells. These observations suggest that the CIC-2 currents are affected in SBMA, an alteration that may contribute and potentially determine the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Martínez-Rojas
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) & LabSSAH, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
| | - Aura M Jiménez-Garduño
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) & LabSSAH, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP), San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Daniela Michelatti
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) & LabSSAH, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy.,CIBIO Department, Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Tosatto
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) & LabSSAH, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
| | - Marta Marchioretto
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) & LabSSAH, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
| | - Daniele Arosio
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) & LabSSAH, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
| | - Manuela Basso
- CIBIO Department, Laboratory of Transcriptional Neurobiology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Maria Pennuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Musio
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) & LabSSAH, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy.
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Arya A, Meena R, Sethy NK, Das M, Sharma M, Bhargava K. NAP (davunetide) protects primary hippocampus culture by modulating expression profile of antioxidant genes during limiting oxygen conditions. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:440-52. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1011153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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VIP, from gene to behavior and back: summarizing my 25 years of research. J Mol Neurosci 2008; 36:115-24. [PMID: 18607776 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-008-9105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an interesting example of a 28-amino acid neuropeptide that is abundantly expressed in discrete brain regions/neurons and hence may contribute to brain function. This short review summarizes my own point of view and encompasses 25 years of work and over 100 publications targeting the understanding of VIP production and biological activity. The review starts with our original cloning of the VIP gene, it then continues to discoveries of regulation of VIP synthesis and the establishment of the first VIP transgenic mice. The review ends with the identification of novel VIP analogs that helped decipher VIP's important role during development, in regulation of the biological clock(s) and diurnal rhythms, sexual activity, learning and memory as well as social behavior, and cancer. This review cites only articles that I have coauthored and gives my own perspective of this exciting ever-growing field.
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Németh J, Jakab B, Józsa R, Hollósy T, Tamás A, Lubics A, Lengvári I, Kiss P, Oberritter Z, Horváth B, Szilvássy Z, Reglődi D. PACAP-27 radioimmunoassay: Description and application of a novel method. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-007-6862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Staines DR. Postulated vasoactive neuropeptide autoimmunity in fatigue-related conditions: a brief review and hypothesis. Clin Dev Immunol 2006; 13:25-39. [PMID: 16603442 PMCID: PMC2270748 DOI: 10.1080/17402520600568252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Disorders such as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and gulf war syndrome (GWS) are characterised by prolonged fatigue and a range of debilitating symptoms of pain, intellectual and emotional impairment, chemical sensitivities and immunological dysfunction. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) surprisingly may have certain features in common with these conditions. Post-infection sequelae may be possible contributing factors although ongoing infection is unproven. Immunological aberration may prove to be associated with certain vasoactive neuropeptides (VN) in the context of molecular mimicry, inappropriate immunological memory and autoimmunity. Adenylate cyclase-activating VNs including pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) act as hormones, neurotransmitters, neuroregulators, immune modulators and neurotrophic substances. They and their receptors are potentially immunogenic. VNs are widely distributed in the body particularly in the central and peripheral nervous systems and have been identified in the gut, adrenal gland, blood cells, reproductive system, lung, heart and other tissues. They have a vital role in maintaining cardio-respiratory function, thermoregulation, memory, concentration and executive functions such as emotional responses including social cues and appropriate behaviour. They are co-transmitters for a number of neurotransmitters including acetylcholine and gaseous transmitters, are potent immune regulators with primarily anti-inflammatory activity, and have a significant role in protection of the nervous system against toxic assault as well as being important in the maintenance of homeostasis. This paper describes a biologically plausible mechanism for the development of certain fatigue-related syndromes based on loss of immunological tolerance to these VNs or their receptors following infection, other events or de novo resulting in significant pathophysiology possibly mediated via CpG fragments and heat shock (stress) proteins. These conditions extend the public health context of autoimmunity and VN dysregulation and have implications for military medicine where radiological, biological and chemical agents may have a role in pathogenesis. Possible treatment and prevention options are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R Staines
- Gold Coast Public Health Unit, 10-12 Young Street, Southport, Qld, 4215, Australia.
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