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Kianersi F, Abdollahi MR, Mirzaie-Asl A, Dastan D, Rasheed F. Identification and tissue-specific expression of rutin biosynthetic pathway genes in Capparis spinosa elicited with salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8884. [PMID: 32483287 PMCID: PMC7264309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65815-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Capparis spinosa is an edible medicinal plant which is considered as an excellent source of rutin. Rutin is a glycoside of the flavonoid quercetin that has been reported to have a beneficial role in controlling various diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and obesity. In this study, the partial cDNA of four genes involved in the rutin biosynthetic pathway including 4-coumaroyl CoA ligase (4CL), flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), flavonol synthase (FLS) and flavonol-3-O-glucoside L-rhamnosyltransferase (RT) were identified in C.spinosa plants for the first time. The protein sequences of these genes shared high similarity with the same proteins in other plant species. Subsequently, the expression patterns of these genes as well as rutin accumulation in C.spinosa leaves treated with different concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and also in different tissues of Caper plants treated with 100 mgL−1 SA and 150 μM MeJA were evaluated. The expression of all four genes was clearly up-regulated and rutin contents increased in response to MeJA and SA treatments after 24 h. The highest rutin contents (5.30 mgg−1 DW and 13.27 mgg−1 DW), as well as the highest expression levels of all four genes, were obtained using 100 mgL−1 SA and 150 μM MeJA, respectively. Among the different tissues, the highest rutin content was observed in young leaves treated with 150 μM MeJA, which corresponded to the expression of related genes, especially RT, as a key gene in the rutin biosynthetic pathway. These results suggest that rutin content in various tissues of C. spinosa can be enhanced to a significant extent by MeJA and SA treatments and the gene expression patterns of rutin-biosynthesis-related genes are regulated by these elicitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Kianersi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abdollahi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Asghar Mirzaie-Asl
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Dara Dastan
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Faiza Rasheed
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Växtskyddsvägen 1, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fibre and Polymer Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li P, Huang Z, She Y, Qin S, Gao W, Cao Y, Liu X. An assessment of the interaction for three Chrysanthemum indicum flavonoids and α-amylase by surface plasmon resonance. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:620-628. [PMID: 31993185 PMCID: PMC6977516 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the interaction of Chrysanthemum indicum (CI) flavonoids (luteolin, acacetin, and buddleoside) with α-amylase. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay showed their equilibrium dissociation constants (KD ) are 1.9695 ± 0.12, 2.9240 ± 0.20, and 3.2966 ± 0.08 mM at pH 6.0, respectively. Furthermore, their binding affinities were influenced by KCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2. Enzymatic kinetic studies revealed that three flavonoids exhibited noncompetitive α-amylase inhibitory activity. The inhibitory sequence is luteolin > acacetin > buddleoside, which was in accordance with the results of binding affinity from SPR. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical assay demonstrated that antioxidant activities of three flavonoids were inhibited significantly with α-amylase. Meanwhile, the study reveals that hydroxyl on C'-4, C'-5, and C-7 of flavonoids play an important role on the interaction of three flavonoids with α-amylase. Also, SPR could be used as sensor for rapid screening inhibitors of α-amylase and provide useful information for the application of C. indicum flavonoids in food and pharmaceutical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao Li
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Zhao Huang
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yin She
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Si Qin
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional IngredientsChangshaChina
| | - Wanru Gao
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yanan Cao
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional IngredientsChangshaChina
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Liu Q, Liu J, Fan S, Yang D, Wang H, Wang Y. Rapid discovery and global characterization of multiple components in corn silk using a multivariate data processing approach based on UHPLC coupled with electrospray ionization/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4022-4030. [PMID: 30194802 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Corn silk is an important traditional Chinese medicine which has been widely used as diuretic, antilithiasic, uricosuric, antiseptic, etc. for thousands of years. However, it is a pity that the chemical ingredients in corn silk, especially the constituents absorbed into blood, are unclear up to now. The aim of our study was to investigate the multiple components of corn silk in vitro and in vivo. In this present study, a sensitive and rapid method using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry and a multivariate data processing approach was established to detect the constituents of corn silk in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, total 41 ingredients in vitro and 19 of them absorbed into blood including luteolin, various C-glycosyl flavones, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, gibberellin A, etc. were tentatively characterized in sequence. Furthermore, of particular importance, a kind of stable compound named C-glycosyl flavones is a great discovery in vivo, which can point the further pharmacological study target in future. In a word, this is the first serum pharmacochemistry study of corn silk, which played a critical role in exploring the pharmacological and effective data for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- The Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- The Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Songjie Fan
- The Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dezhu Yang
- Pharmacy School, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- The Academic Affairs Office, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- The Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
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Jeong YH, Oh YC, Cho WK, Yang HJ, Ma JY. Maydis Stigma Elicits Analgesia and Blocks Edema in Mice and Inhibits Inflammation in Macrophages. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:1477-1496. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1750080x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Maydis Stigma (MS) is an herb traditionally used in many parts of the world. Previous studies have reported that MS plays a role in several biological activities, including antidiabetic and anticancer activities. However, the effects of a MS ethanolic extract (MSE) on the anti-inflammatory cellular mechanism remain unclear. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of MSE and its molecular mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. The effects of MSE on the production of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and related proteins and the identification of target genes were determined using LPS-stimulated macrophages. We also determined the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of MSE by examining acetic acid-induced writhing responses and xylene-induced ear edema in mice. Our results indicated that MSE markedly decreased iNOS and COX-2 levels without causing cytotoxicity and suppressed the secretion of NO in LPS-stimulated macrophages. MSE also inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-6, and IL-1[Formula: see text], and induced the expression of HO-1. Moreover, MSE treatment significantly reduced the LPS-stimulated activation of MAPK, NF-[Formula: see text]B, and AP-1. Furthermore, MSE exerted an analgesic effect on the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing response test and an anti-inflammatory effect on xylene-induced ear edema in ICR mice. Finally, we investigated the components of MSE using UPLC-ESI-MS and found that it contains the maysin as a marker component. Overall, these observations demonstrate that MSE has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects both in vitro and in vivo, which may provide new scientific evidence for its use as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hee Jeong
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Chang Oh
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
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Kim B, Woo S, Kim MJ, Kwon SW, Lee J, Sung SH, Koh HJ. Identification and quantification of flavonoids in yellow grain mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Food Chem 2017; 241:154-162. [PMID: 28958514 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenolic compounds with potential health-promoting activities. Although anthocyanins and phenolic acids in coloured rice have been investigated, few studies have focused on flavonoids. Herein, we analysed flavonoids in a yellow grain rice mutant using UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-TOF-MS, and identified 19 flavonoids by comparing retention times and accurate mass measurements. Among them, six flavonoids, isoorientin, isoorientin 2″-O-glucoside, vitexin 2″-O-glucoside, isovitexin, isoscoparin 2″-O-glucoside and isoscoparin, were isolated and fully identified from the yellow grain rice mutant, and the levels were significantly higher than wild-type, with isoorientin particularly abundant in mutant embryo. Significant differences in total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were observed in mutant rice by DPPH, FRAP and TEAC assays. The results suggest that the representative six flavonoids may play an important role in colouration and antioxidant activity of embryo and endosperm tissue. The findings provide insight into flavonoid biosynthesis and the possibility of improving functionality in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Backki Kim
- Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Woo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Kim
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon 16429, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Wook Kwon
- Department of Plant Bioscience, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Milyang 60463, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Department of Crop Science, College of Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Koh
- Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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