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Kubeš J, Vondráček V, Andrlik M, Navrátil M, Sláviková S, Vítek P, Rosina J, Abrahámová J, Prausová J, Grebenyuk A, Dědečková K. Extreme hypofractionated proton radiotherapy for prostate cancer using pencil beam scanning: Dosimetry, acute toxicity and preliminary results. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2019; 63:829-835. [PMID: 31486267 DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extreme hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer is a common modality in photon therapy. Pencil beam scanning (PBS) in similar fractionation allows better dose distribution and makes proton therapy more available for such patients. The purpose of this study is the feasibility of extreme proton hypofractionated radiotherapy and publication of early clinical results. METHODS Two hundred patients with early-stage prostate cancer were treated with IMPT (intensity-modulated proton therapy), extreme hypofractionated schedule (36.25 GyE in five fractions) between February 2013 and December 2015. Mean age of the patients was 64.3 years, and the mean value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) before treatment was 6.83 μg/L (0.6-17.3 μg/L). Ninety-three patients (46.5%) were in the low-risk group. One hundred and seven patients (53.5%) were in the intermediate-risk group. Twenty-nine patients (14.5%) had neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, and no patients had adjuvant hormonal therapy. Acute toxicity, late toxicity and short-term results were evaluated. RESULTS All patients finished radiotherapy without interruptions. The median follow-up time was 36 months. The mean treatment time was 9.5 days (median 9 days). Acute toxicity according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v 4.0 was (gastrointestinal toxicity) GI (grade) G1-17%, G2-3.5%; (genitourinary toxicity) GU G1-40%, G2-19%; and no G3 toxicity was observed. Late toxicity was GI G1-19%, G2-5.5%; GU G1-17%, G2-4%; and no G3 toxicity was observed. PSA relapse was observed in one patient (1.08%) in the low-risk group (pelvic lymph node involvement was detected) and in seven patients (6.5%) in the intermediate-risk group (three lymph node metastases, two lymph node and bone metastases, two PSA relapses). No patient died of prostate cancer, and three patients died from other reasons. No local recurrence of cancer in the prostate was observed. CONCLUSIONS Proton beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer is feasible with a low rate of acute toxicity and promising late toxicity and effectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Kubeš
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Oncology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Vondráček
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Andrlik
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Navrátil
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Sláviková
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Oncology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Vítek
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Oncology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Rosina
- Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic.,Department of Medical Biophysics and Informatics, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Abrahámová
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Radiation Oncology, Bulovka Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Prausová
- Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Grebenyuk
- Department of Health Protection and Disaster Medicine, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kateřina Dědečková
- Proton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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