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Banaee M, Beitsayah A, Zeidi A, Haghi BN, Piccione G, Faggio C, Multisanti CR, Impellitteri F. Toxicity of cigarette butts (CBs) leachate on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Blood biochemical parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, and metabolic profile. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 279:116514. [PMID: 38810286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxic effects of different concentrations of cigarette butt leachate (CBL) (0.0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2.0 µL L-1) on blood biochemistry, oxidative stress biomarkers, and the biochemical profile of the liver and muscle of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) after 21 days. Increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma, and decreased activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in fish exposed to CBL, indicated cytotoxicity. Elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels, coupled with reduced total protein, albumin, and globulin levels in the plasma, indicated impaired liver function in the fish. An increase in creatinine showed kidney damage. Increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, along with the decrease in liver glutathione (GSH) content and total antioxidant capacity in the hepatocytes of fish exposed to CBL, indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) elevation indicated heightened lipid peroxidation in CBL-exposed fish hepatocytes. Raman spectroscopy revealed altered biochemical profiles in fish liver and muscle post-CBL exposure. The results demonstrated that exposure to CBL led to a decrease in phospholipid levels, collagen destruction, changes in phenylalanine levels, and a decrease in the levels of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in fish liver and muscle tissue. Furthermore, the metabolites and compounds of cigarette butt juice were detectable in the liver and muscle tissue of fishes. In conclusion, this study showed that exposure to CBL can have adverse effects on fish health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Amal Beitsayah
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Amir Zeidi
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Behzad Nematdoost Haghi
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, Messina 98168, Italy.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Eco-sustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Federica Impellitteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, Messina 98168, Italy.
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Lampignano L, Donghia R, Griseta C, Lagravinese G, Sciarra S, Zupo R, Castellana F, Bortone I, Guerra V, Tirelli S, De Nucci S, Tatoli R, Lozupone M, Sborgia G, Leo A, De Pergola G, Giannelli G, Panza F, Sardone R. Liver Health and Dementia in an Italian Older Population: Findings From the Salus in Apulia Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:748888. [PMID: 34955810 PMCID: PMC8692772 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.748888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) currently affects a quarter of the global population. Systemic inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and coronary artery disease, all conditions associated with NAFLD, have also been related to cognitive dysfunction in older age. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between NAFLD risk and a dementia diagnosis in a large population-based sample aged > 65 years. Methods: We selected 1,542 participants (723 men) from the Salus in Apulia Study. To assess the risk of fat distribution in the liver, we used the Fatty Liver Index (FLI). Dementia was diagnosed according to the American Psychiatric Association criteria (DSM-5). Results: The overall prevalence of dementia was 8.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 7–10%]. Subjects with dementia were older [effect size (ES): −0.89, 95% CI: −1.07 to −0.70], had a lower level of education (ES:0.88, 95% CI:0.69–1.06), higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (ES: −0.21, 95% CI: −0.39 to −0.03), lower levels of total cholesterol (ES: −0.24, 95% CI: −0.42 to −0.06) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ES: −0.20, 95% CI: −0.38 to 0.02), and a higher FLI (ES: −0.22, 95% CI: −0.39 to −0.04). In the logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, education, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, stroke, cholesterol, and Apo-E, a dementia diagnosis was positively associated with FLI > 60 [odds ratio (OR):1.81; standard error (SE): 0.53; 95% CI: 1.02–3.21]. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that an increased NAFLD risk may be associated to dementia and cognitive decline in older age. Considering the high NAFLD prevalence, the possible adverse disease effects on cognitive performance pose a health problem with significant social and economic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Donghia
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Griseta
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Sciarra
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Guerra
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Sarah Tirelli
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Sara De Nucci
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Tatoli
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Sborgia
- Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
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