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Li P, Yin YL, Guo T, Sun XY, Ma H, Zhu ML, Zhao FR, Xu P, Chen Y, Wan GR, Jiang F, Peng QS, Liu C, Liu LY, Wang SX. Inhibition of Aberrant MicroRNA-133a Expression in Endothelial Cells by Statin Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction by Targeting GTP Cyclohydrolase 1 in Vivo. Circulation 2016; 134:1752-1765. [PMID: 27765794 PMCID: PMC5120771 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.017949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) deficiency is critical for endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling in endothelial dysfunction. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of regulatory RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. We investigated whether statins prevent endothelial dysfunction via miR-dependent GCH1 upregulation. Methods: Endothelial function was assessed by measuring acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in the organ chamber. MiR-133a expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: We first demonstrated that GCH1 mRNA is a target of miR-133a. In endothelial cells, miR-133a was robustly induced by cytokines/oxidants and inhibited by lovastatin. Furthermore, lovastatin upregulated GCH1 and tetrahydrobiopterin, and recoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase in stressed endothelial cells. These actions of lovastatin were abolished by enforced miR-133a expression and were mirrored by a miR-133a antagomir. In mice, hyperlipidemia- or hyperglycemia-induced ectopic miR-133a expression in the vascular endothelium, reduced GCH1 protein and tetrahydrobiopterin levels, and impaired endothelial function, which were reversed by lovastatin or miR-133a antagomir. These beneficial effects of lovastatin in mice were abrogated by in vivo miR-133a overexpression or GCH1 knockdown. In rats, multiple cardiovascular risk factors including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hyperhomocysteinemia resulted in increased miR-133a vascular expression, reduced GCH1 expression, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase function, and induced endothelial dysfunction, which were prevented by lovastatin. Conclusions: Statin inhibits aberrant miR-133a expression in the vascular endothelium to prevent endothelial dysfunction by targeting GCH1. Therefore, miR-133a represents an important therapeutic target for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Tao Guo
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Xue-Ying Sun
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Hui Ma
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Mo-Li Zhu
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Fan-Rong Zhao
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Ping Xu
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Yuan Chen
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Guang-Rui Wan
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Fan Jiang
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Qi-Sheng Peng
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Chao Liu
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Li-Ying Liu
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.)
| | - Shuang-Xi Wang
- From School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, China (P.L., Y.-L.Y., M.-L.Z., F.-R.Z., P.X., G.-R.W., S.-X.W.); The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.G., H.M., Y.C., F.J., S.-X.W.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China (X.-Y.S., L.-Y.L.); The Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China (Q.-S.P.); and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China (C.L.).
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