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Aldossari RM, Ali A, Rehman MU, Rashid S, Ahmad SB. Computational Approaches for Identification of Potential Plant Bioactives as Novel G6PD Inhibitors Using Advanced Tools and Databases. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073018. [PMID: 37049781 PMCID: PMC10096328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In glucose metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is the major metabolic pathway that plays a crucial role in cancer growth and metastasis. Although it has been pointed out that blockade of the PPP is a promising approach against cancer, in the clinical setting, effective anti-PPP agents are still not available. Dysfunction of the G6PD enzyme in this pathway leads to cancer development as this enzyme possesses oncogenic activity. In the present study, an attempt was made to identify bioactive compounds that can be developed as potential G6PD inhibitors. In the present study, 11 natural compounds and a controlled drug were taken. The physicochemical and toxicity properties of the compounds were determined via ADMET and ProTox-II analysis. In the present study, the findings of docking studies revealed that staurosporine was the most effective compound with the highest binding energy of −9.2 kcal/mol when docked against G6PD. Homology modeling revealed that 97.56% of the residues were occupied in the Ramachandran-favored region. The modeled protein gave a quality Z-score of −10.13 by ProSA tool. iMODS server provided significant insights into the mobility, stability and flexibility of the G6PD protein that described the collective functional protein motion. In the present study, the physical and functional interactions between proteins were determined by STRING. CASTp server determined the topological and geometric properties of the G6PD protein. The findings of the present study revealed that staurosporine could be developed as a potential G6PD inhibitor; however, further in vivo and in vitro studies are needed for further validation of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana M. Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aarif Ali
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alustang, Shuhama 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alustang, Shuhama 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India
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Ding Y, Wang B, Chen X, Zhou Y, Ge J. Staurosporine suppresses survival of HepG2 cancer cells through Omi/HtrA2-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317694317. [PMID: 28349827 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317694317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Staurosporine, which is an inhibitor of a broad spectrum of protein kinases, has shown cytotoxicity on several human cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. In this study, we examined whether and how this compound has an inhibitory action on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in vitro using HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to detect protein–protein interactions. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to silence the expression of targeted protein. We found that staurosporine significantly decreased cell viability and increased cell apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in HepG2 cancer cells, along with the decreased expressions of PDK1 protein and Akt phosphorylation. Staurosporine was also found to enhance Omi/HtrA2 release from mitochondria. Furthermore, Omi/HtrA2 directly bound to PDK1. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of Omi/HtrA2 restored protein levels of PDK1 and protected HepG2 cancer cells from staurosporine-induced cell death. In addition, staurosporine was found to activate autophagy. However, inhibition of autophagy exacerbated cell death under concomitant treatment with staurosporine. Taken together, our results indicate that staurosporine induced cytotoxicity response by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through Omi/HtrA2-mediated PDK1 degradation, and the process provides a novel mechanism by which staurosporine produces its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhui Ge
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Castellanos P, Maroto-Morales A, García-Álvarez O, Garde JJ, Mateo R. AnIn VitroEvaluation of Biochemical Processes Involved in Lead-Induced Changes on Ram Spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:421-7. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Castellanos
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) UCLM-CSIC-JCCM; Wildlife Toxicology Group; Ciudad Real Spain
| | - A Maroto-Morales
- SaBio; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) UCLM-CSIC-JCCM; Albacete Spain
| | - O García-Álvarez
- SaBio; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) UCLM-CSIC-JCCM; Albacete Spain
| | - JJ Garde
- SaBio; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) UCLM-CSIC-JCCM; Albacete Spain
| | - R Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) UCLM-CSIC-JCCM; Wildlife Toxicology Group; Ciudad Real Spain
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