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Makiyama J, Kobayashi S, Watanabe E, Ishigaki T, Kawamata T, Nakashima M, Yamagishi M, Nakano K, Tojo A, Watanabe T, Uchimaru K. CD4 + CADM1 + cell percentage predicts disease progression in HTLV-1 carriers and indolent adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3746-3753. [PMID: 31642546 PMCID: PMC6890436 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently took advantage of the universal expression of cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) by CD4+ cells infected with HTLV‐1 and the downregulation of CD7 expression that corresponds with the oncogenic stage of HTLV‐1‐infected cells to develop a flow cytometric system using CADM1 versus CD7 plotting of CD4+ cells. We risk‐stratified HTLV‐1 asymptomatic carriers (AC) and indolent adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cases based on the CADM1+ percentage, in which HTLV‐1‐infected clones are efficiently enriched. AC and indolent ATL cases were initially classified according to their CADM1+ cell percentage. Follow‐up clinical and flow cytometric data were obtained for 71 cases. In G1 (CADM1+ ≤ 10%) and G2 (10% < CADM1+ ≤ 25%) cases, no apparent clinical disease progression was observed. In G3 (25% < CADM1+ ≤ 50%) cases, five out of nine (55.5%) cases progressed from AC to smoldering‐type ATL. In G4 (50% < CADM1+) cases, the cumulative incidence of receiving systemic chemotherapy at 3 years was 28.4%. Our results indicate that the percentage of the CD4+CADM1+ population predicts clinical disease progression: G1 and G2 cases, including AC cases, are stable and considered to be at low risk; G3 cases, including advanced AC cases and smoldering‐type ATL cases based on the Shimoyama criteria, are considered to have intermediate risk; and G4 cases, which are mainly indolent ATL cases, are unstable and at high risk of acute transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Makiyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kobayashi
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Watanabe
- IMSUT Clinical Flow Cytometry Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishigaki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Stem Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Kawamata
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakashima
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamagishi
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nakano
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Future Center Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchimaru
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Metabolic abnormalities in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and induction of specific leukemic cell death using photodynamic therapy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14979. [PMID: 30297858 PMCID: PMC6175925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive T-cell neoplasm caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Therapeutic interventions have not been associated with satisfactory outcomes. We showed that the porphyrin metabolic pathway preferentially accumulates the endogenous photosensitive metabolite, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in ATL, after a short-term culture with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). PpIX accumulated 10-100-fold more in ATL leukemic cells when compared to healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Patient specimens showed dynamic changes in flow cytometry profiles during the onset and progression of ATL. Furthermore, 98.7% of ATL leukemic cell death in the ATL patient specimens could be induced with 10 min of visible light exposure, while 77.5% of normal PBMCs survived. Metabolomics analyses revealed that a specific stage of the metabolic pathway progressively deteriorated with HTLV-I infection and at the onset of ATL. Therefore, this method will be useful in diagnosing and identifying high-risk HTLV-I carriers with single cell resolutions. Photodynamic therapy in the circulatory system may be a potential treatment due to its highly-specific, non-invasive, safe, simultaneous, and repeatedly-treatable modalities.
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Haftcheshmeh SM, Tajbakhsh A, Kazemi M, Esmaeili SA, Mardani F, Fazeli M, Sahebkar A. The clinical importance of CD4 + CD7 - in human diseases. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1179-1189. [PMID: 30067877 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The CD7 antigen is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that expresses on the surface of all thymocytes, a majority of mature T cells, and also natural killer cells. Interestingly, under physiological and different pathological conditions, the loss of CD7 antigen occurred in the subset of CD4+ memory T cells. Various functions have been proposed for CD7, including its role in the activation and intercellular adhesiveness of T cells. Several studies indicate that the number of CD4+ CD7- T cells increases in diseases such as chronic inflammation and T-cell malignancies, these being skin inflammatory lesions. Therefore, this can be useful for the diagnosis of cancer cells, especially with reference to blood origin, treatment monitoring, and establishment of new therapies. Therefore, a comprehensive review could be useful to increase our knowledge about the clinical importance of these cells in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh
- Department of Medical Immunology, Nanotechnology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Department of Modern Sciences & Technologies, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohaddese Kazemi
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mardani
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Fazeli
- Department of Modern Sciences & Technologies, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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