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Ganie SM, Dutta Pramanik PK, Zhao Z. Improved liver disease prediction from clinical data through an evaluation of ensemble learning approaches. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2024; 24:160. [PMID: 38849815 PMCID: PMC11157956 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-024-02550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Liver disease causes two million deaths annually, accounting for 4% of all deaths globally. Prediction or early detection of the disease via machine learning algorithms on large clinical data have become promising and potentially powerful, but such methods often have some limitations due to the complexity of the data. In this regard, ensemble learning has shown promising results. There is an urgent need to evaluate different algorithms and then suggest a robust ensemble algorithm in liver disease prediction. METHOD Three ensemble approaches with nine algorithms are evaluated on a large dataset of liver patients comprising 30,691 samples with 11 features. Various preprocessing procedures are utilized to feed the proposed model with better quality data, in addition to the appropriate tuning of hyperparameters and selection of features. RESULTS The models' performances with each algorithm are extensively evaluated with several positive and negative performance metrics along with runtime. Gradient boosting is found to have the overall best performance with 98.80% accuracy and 98.50% precision, recall and F1-score for each. CONCLUSIONS The proposed model with gradient boosting bettered in most metrics compared with several recent similar works, suggesting its efficacy in predicting liver disease. It can be further applied to predict other diseases with the commonality of predicate indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Mohammad Ganie
- AI Research Centre, Department of Analytics, School of Business, Woxsen University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502345, India
| | - Pijush Kanti Dutta Pramanik
- School of Computer Applications and Technology, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 203201, India.
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Çubukçu HC, Topcu Dİ, Yenice S. Machine learning-based clinical decision support using laboratory data. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:793-823. [PMID: 38015744 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are becoming vital in laboratory medicine and the broader context of healthcare. In this review article, we summarized the development of ML models and how they contribute to clinical laboratory workflow and improve patient outcomes. The process of ML model development involves data collection, data cleansing, feature engineering, model development, and optimization. These models, once finalized, are subjected to thorough performance assessments and validations. Recently, due to the complexity inherent in model development, automated ML tools were also introduced to streamline the process, enabling non-experts to create models. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) use ML techniques on large datasets to aid healthcare professionals in test result interpretation. They are revolutionizing laboratory medicine, enabling labs to work more efficiently with less human supervision across pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical phases. Despite contributions of the ML tools at all analytical phases, their integration presents challenges like potential model uncertainties, black-box algorithms, and deskilling of professionals. Additionally, acquiring diverse datasets is hard, and models' complexity can limit clinical use. In conclusion, ML-based CDSS in healthcare can greatly enhance clinical decision-making. However, successful adoption demands collaboration among professionals and stakeholders, utilizing hybrid intelligence, external validation, and performance assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmet Can Çubukçu
- General Directorate of Health Services, Rare Diseases Department, Turkish Ministry of Health, Ankara, Türkiye
- Hacettepe University Institute of Informatics, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Deniz İlhan Topcu
- Health Sciences University İzmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Medical Biochemistry, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Sedef Yenice
- Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Tang J, Huang J, He X, Zou S, Gong L, Yuan Q, Peng Z. The prediction of in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury utilizing machine learning models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26570. [PMID: 38420451 PMCID: PMC10901004 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a severe complication associated with poorer prognosis and increased mortality, particularly in elderly patients. Currently, there is a lack of accurate mortality risk prediction models for these patients in clinic. Objectives This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning models for predicting in-hospital mortality risk in elderly patients with SA-AKI. Methods Machine learning models were developed and validated using the public, high-quality Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV critically ill database. The recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm was employed for key feature selection. Eleven predictive models were compared, with the best one selected for further validation. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) values were used for visualization and interpretation, making the machine learning models clinically interpretable. Results There were 16,154 patients with SA-AKI in the MIMIC-IV database, and 8426 SA-AKI patients were included in this study (median age: 77.0 years; female: 45%). 7728 patients excluded based on these criteria. They were randomly divided into a training cohort (5,934, 70%) and a validation cohort (2,492, 30%). Nine key features were selected by the RFE algorithm. The CatBoost model achieved the best performance, with an AUC of 0.844 in the training cohort and 0.804 in the validation cohort. SHAP values revealed that AKI stage, PaO2, and lactate were the top three most important features contributing to the CatBoost model. Conclusion We developed a model capable of predicting the risk of in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with SA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound and Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin He
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sijue Zou
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Gong
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiongjing Yuan
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National International Joint Research Center for Medical Metabolomices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National International Joint Research Center for Medical Metabolomices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Arefinia F, Aria M, Rabiei R, Hosseini A, Ghaemian A, Roshanpoor A. Non-invasive fractional flow reserve estimation using deep learning on intermediate left anterior descending coronary artery lesion angiography images. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1818. [PMID: 38245614 PMCID: PMC10799954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to design an end-to-end deep learning model for estimating the value of fractional flow reserve (FFR) using angiography images to classify left anterior descending (LAD) branch angiography images with average stenosis between 50 and 70% into two categories: FFR > 80 and FFR ≤ 80. In this study 3625 images were extracted from 41 patients' angiography films. Nine pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNN), including DenseNet121, InceptionResNetV2, VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50V2, Xception, MobileNetV3Large, DenseNet201, and DenseNet169, were used to extract the features of images. DenseNet169 indicated higher performance compared to other networks. AUC, Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Precision, and F1-score of the proposed DenseNet169 network were 0.81, 0.81, 0.86, 0.75, 0.82, and 0.84, respectively. The deep learning-based method proposed in this study can non-invasively and consistently estimate FFR from angiographic images, offering significant clinical potential for diagnosing and treating coronary artery disease by combining anatomical and physiological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Arefinia
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrad Aria
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rabiei
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azamossadat Hosseini
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Ghaemian
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Arash Roshanpoor
- Department of Computer, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH), Islamic Azad University, Janat-Abad Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Popa SL, Ismaiel A, Abenavoli L, Padureanu AM, Dita MO, Bolchis R, Munteanu MA, Brata VD, Pop C, Bosneag A, Dumitrascu DI, Barsan M, David L. Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis Using Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59050992. [PMID: 37241224 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The development of liver fibrosis as a consequence of continuous inflammation represents a turning point in the evolution of chronic liver diseases. The recent developments of artificial intelligence (AI) applications show a high potential for improving the accuracy of diagnosis, involving large sets of clinical data. For this reason, the aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of current AI applications and analyze the accuracy of these systems to perform an automated diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and WILEY databases using predefined keywords. Articles were screened for relevant publications about AI applications capable of diagnosing liver fibrosis. Exclusion criteria were animal studies, case reports, abstracts, letters to the editor, conference presentations, pediatric studies, studies written in languages other than English, and editorials. Results: Our search identified a total of 24 articles analyzing the automated imagistic diagnosis of liver fibrosis, out of which six studies analyze liver ultrasound images, seven studies analyze computer tomography images, five studies analyze magnetic resonance images, and six studies analyze liver biopsies. The studies included in our systematic review showed that AI-assisted non-invasive techniques performed as accurately as human experts in detecting and staging liver fibrosis. Nevertheless, the findings of these studies need to be confirmed through clinical trials to be implemented into clinical practice. Conclusions: The current systematic review provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance of AI systems in diagnosing liver fibrosis. Automatic diagnosis, staging, and risk stratification for liver fibrosis is currently possible considering the accuracy of the AI systems, which can overcome the limitations of non-invasive diagnosis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Lucian Popa
- 2nd Medical Department, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Abdulrahman Ismaiel
- 2nd Medical Department, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Miruna Oana Dita
- Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Bolchis
- Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Alexandru Munteanu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Vlad Dumitru Brata
- Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Bosneag
- Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dinu Iuliu Dumitrascu
- Department of Anatomy, UMF "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Barsan
- Department of Occupational Health, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liliana David
- 2nd Medical Department, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Alhares H, Tanha J, Balafar MA. AMTLDC: a new adversarial multi-source transfer learning framework to diagnosis of COVID-19. EVOLVING SYSTEMS 2023; 14:1-15. [PMID: 38625255 PMCID: PMC9838404 DOI: 10.1007/s12530-023-09484-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, deep learning techniques have been widely used to diagnose diseases. However, in some tasks, such as the diagnosis of COVID-19 disease, due to insufficient data, the model is not properly trained and as a result, the generalizability of the model decreases. For example, if the model is trained on a CT scan dataset and tested on another CT scan dataset, it predicts near-random results. To address this, data from several different sources can be combined using transfer learning, taking into account the intrinsic and natural differences in existing datasets obtained with different medical imaging tools and approaches. In this paper, to improve the transfer learning technique and better generalizability between multiple data sources, we propose a multi-source adversarial transfer learning model, namely AMTLDC. In AMTLDC, representations are learned that are similar among the sources. In other words, extracted representations are general and not dependent on the particular dataset domain. We apply the AMTLDC to predict Covid-19 from medical images using a convolutional neural network. We show that accuracy can be improved using the AMTLDC framework, and surpass the results of current successful transfer learning approaches. In particular, we show that the AMTLDC works well when using different dataset domains, or when there is insufficient data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Alhares
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, 29th Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
| | - Jafar Tanha
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, 29th Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Balafar
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, 29th Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
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Padoan A, Plebani M. Artificial intelligence: is it the right time for clinical laboratories? Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:1859-1861. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Padoan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , University-Hospital of Padova , Padova , Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , University-Hospital of Padova , Padova , Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
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8
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Bayani A, Asadi F, Hosseini A, Hatami B, Kavousi K, Aria M, Zali MR. Performance of machine learning techniques on prediction of esophageal varices grades among patients with cirrhosis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:1955-1962. [PMID: 36044750 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES All patients with cirrhosis should be periodically examined for esophageal varices (EV), however, a large percentage of patients undergoing screening, do not have EV or have only mild EV and do not have high-risk characteristics. Therefore, developing a non-invasive method to predict the occurrence of EV in patients with liver cirrhosis as a non-invasive method with high accuracy seems useful. In the present research, we compared the performance of several machine learning (ML) methods to predict EV on laboratory and clinical data to choose the best model. METHODS Four-hundred-and-ninety data from the Liver and Gastroenterology Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in the period 2014-2021, were analyzed applying models including random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and logistic regression. RESULTS RF and SVM had the best results in general for all grades of EV. RF showed remarkably better results and the highest area under the curve (AUC). After that, SVM and ANN had the AUC of 98%, for grade 3, the SVM algorithm had the highest AUC after RF (89%). CONCLUSIONS The findings may help to better predict EV with high precision and accuracy and also can help reduce the burden of frequent visits to endoscopic centers. It can also help practitioners to manage cirrhosis by predicting EV with lower costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Bayani
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Asadi
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azamossadat Hosseini
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Hatami
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrad Aria
- Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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