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Characterization of Optimized Ternary PLA/PHB/Organoclay Composites Processed through Fused Filament Fabrication and Injection Molding. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093398. [PMID: 35591733 PMCID: PMC9104074 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the structure-properties relationship of ternary blends of polylactide/polyhydroxybutyrate (PLA/PHB)/organo-modified layered silicate (OMLS). Morphological, thermal, rheological, and mechanical characterizations were performed to understand the influence of OMLS on PLA/PHB (70/30 wt%) formulations optimized through modifications with an epoxy-based chain extender, the use of a plasticizer, as well as the influence of the type of processing route: injection molding or fused filament fabrication. The addition of OMLS allowed the blend compatibility to be improved, with the appearance of a single melting peak on DSC thermograms at 146 °C, as well as the reduction in the size of the nodules for the injected molded specimens. Concerning the printed samples, AFM analysis revealed a coalescence of the PHB minor phase due to its degradation. This phenomenon was dramatically enhanced in the presence of OMLS and has been ascribed to the degradation of both the organo-modifier and the PHB minor phase in the blend. Rheological and mechanical tests (17% decrease in Young's modulus and 13% decrease in elongation at break) confirmed this degradation that would have occurred during the manufacturing of the filaments and the printing of specimens due to additional thermal and cooling steps.
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Olkhov AA, Tyubaeva PM, Vetcher AA, Karpova SG, Kurnosov AS, Rogovina SZ, Iordanskii AL, Berlin AA. Aggressive Impacts Affecting the Biodegradable Ultrathin Fibers Based on Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate), Polylactide and Their Blends: Water Sorption, Hydrolysis and Ozonolysis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060941. [PMID: 33803794 PMCID: PMC8003206 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrathin electrospun fibers of pristine biopolyesters, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLA), as well as their blends, have been obtained and then explored after exposure to hydrolytic (phosphate buffer) and oxidative (ozone) media. All the fibers were obtained from a co-solvent, chloroform, by solution-mode electrospinning. The structure, morphology, and segmental dynamic behavior of the fibers have been determined by optical microscopy, SEM, ESR, and others. The isotherms of water absorption have been obtained and the deviation from linearity (the Henry low) was analyzed by the simplified model. For PHB-PLA fibers, the loss weight increments as the reaction on hydrolysis are symbate to water absorption capacity. It was shown that the ozonolysis of blend fibrils has a two-stage character which is typical for O3 consumption, namely, the pendant group's oxidation and the autodegradation of polymer molecules with chain rupturing. The first stage of ozonolysis has a quasi-zero-order reaction. A subsequent second reaction stage comprising the back-bone destruction has a reaction order that differs from the zero order. The fibrous blend PLA/PHB ratio affects the rate of hydrolysis and ozonolysis so that the fibers with prevalent content of PLA display poor resistance to degradation in aqueous and gaseous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly A. Olkhov
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny Ln 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.O.); (P.M.T.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.G.K.); (A.S.K.)
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (S.Z.R.); (A.L.I.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Polina M. Tyubaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny Ln 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.O.); (P.M.T.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.G.K.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Alexandre A. Vetcher
- Nanotechnology Scientific and Educational Center, Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Svetlana G. Karpova
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.G.K.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Alexander S. Kurnosov
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.G.K.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Svetlana Z. Rogovina
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (S.Z.R.); (A.L.I.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Alexey L. Iordanskii
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (S.Z.R.); (A.L.I.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Alexander A. Berlin
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (S.Z.R.); (A.L.I.); (A.A.B.)
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Culenova M, Birova I, Alexy P, Galfyova P, Nicodemou A, Moncmanova B, Plavec R, Tomanova K, Mencik P, Ziaran S, Danisovic L. In Vitro Characterization of Poly(Lactic Acid)/ Poly(Hydroxybutyrate)/ Thermoplastic Starch Blends for Tissue Engineering Application. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211021003. [PMID: 34053231 PMCID: PMC8182627 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211021003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex in vitro characterization of a blended material based on Poly(Lactic Acid), Poly(Hydroxybutyrate), and Thermoplastic Starch (PLA/PHB/TPS) was performed in order to evaluate its potential for application in the field of tissue engineering. We focused on the biological behavior of the material as well as its mechanical and morphological properties. We also focused on the potential of the blend to be processed by the 3D printer which would allow the fabrication of the custom-made scaffold. Several blends recipes were prepared and characterized. This material was then studied in the context of scaffold fabrication. Scaffold porosity, wettability, and cell-scaffold interaction were evaluated as well. MTT test and the direct contact cytotoxicity test were applied in order to evaluate the toxic potential of the blended material. Biocompatibility studies were performed on the human chondrocytes. According to our results, we assume that material had no toxic effect on the cell culture and therefore could be considered as biocompatible. Moreover, PLA/PHB/TPS blend is applicable for 3D printing. Printed scaffolds had highly porous morphology and were able to absorb water as well. In addition, cells could adhere and proliferate on the scaffold surface. We conclude that this blend has potential for scaffold engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Culenova
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivana Birova
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Alexy
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Paulina Galfyova
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andreas Nicodemou
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Moncmanova
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Roderik Plavec
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarina Tomanova
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Premysl Mencik
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Ziaran
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Regenmed Ltd., 811 02 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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El-Taweel SH, Al-Ahmadi AO. Thermal behavior and soil biodegradation for blends of poly(hydroxybutyrate)/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA 60) with 1 mass% NH4Cl. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Iordanskii AL, Samoilov NA, Olkhov AA, Markin VS, Rogovina SZ, Kildeeva NR, Berlin AA. New Fibrillar Composites Based on Biodegradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Polylactide Polyesters with High Selective Absorption of Oil from Water Medium. DOKLADY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012501619080049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Park Y, Jin S, Park Y, Kim SM, Noda I, Chae B, Jung YM. Studies on Chemical IR Images of Poly(hydroxybutyrate⁻ co⁻hydroxyhexanoate)/Poly(ethylene glycol) Blends and Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11030507. [PMID: 30960491 PMCID: PMC6473784 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable poly-[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoates] (PHBHx) have been widely studied for their applications in potentially replacing petroleum-based thermoplastics. In this study, the effect of the high molecular weight (Mn = 3400) poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) blended in the films of PHBHx with different ratios of PEG was investigated using chemical FTIR imaging. Chemical IR images and FTIR spectra measured with increasing temperature revealed that PEG plays an important role in changing the kinetics of PHBHx crystallization. In addition, two-dimensional correlation spectra clearly showed that thermal properties of PHBHx/PEG blend film changed when the blending ratio of PHBHx/PEG were 60/40 and 50/50. Consequently, PEG leads to changes in the thermal behavior of PHBHx copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Sila Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Yujeong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Isao Noda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
- Danimer Scientific, 140 Industrial Blvd., Bainbridge, GA 39817, USA.
| | - Boknam Chae
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea.
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
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Preparation and characterization of thermoplastic starch composite reinforced by plasma-treated poly (hydroxybutyrate) PHB. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:609-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Baran A, Vrábel P, Olčák D, Chodák I. Solid state13C-NMR study of a plasticized PLA/PHB polymer blend. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Baran
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics; Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2; Košice 042 00 Slovakia
| | - Peter Vrábel
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics; Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2; Košice 042 00 Slovakia
| | - Dušan Olčák
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics; Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2; Košice 042 00 Slovakia
| | - Ivan Chodák
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9; Bratislava 845 41 Slovakia
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