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Gaudó P, de Tomás-Mateo E, Garrido-Pérez N, Santana A, Ruiz-Pesini E, Montoya J, Bayona-Bafaluy P. "ATAD3C regulates ATAD3A assembly and function in the mitochondrial membrane". Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 211:114-126. [PMID: 38092275 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATAD3A is an ATPase Associated with diverse cellular Activities (AAA) domain containing enzyme, involved in the structural organization of the inner mitochondrial membrane and of increasing importance in childhood disease. In humans, two ATAD3A paralogs arose by gene duplication during evolution: ATAD3B and ATAD3C. Here we investigate the cellular activities of the ATAD3C paralog that has been considered a pseudogene. We detected unique ATAD3C peptides in HEK 293T cells, with expression similar to that in human tissues, and showed that it is an integral membrane protein that exposes its carboxy-terminus to the intermembrane space. Overexpression of ATAD3C, but not of ATAD3A, in fibroblasts caused a decrease in cell proliferation and oxygen consumption rate, and an increase of cellular ROS. This was due to the incorporation of ATAD3C monomers in ATAD3A complex in the mitochondrial membrane reducing its size. Consistent with a negative regulation of ATAD3A function in mitochondrial membrane organization, ATAD3C expression led to increased accumulation of respiratory chain dimeric CIII in the inner membrane, to the detriment to that assembled in respiratory supercomplexes. Our results demonstrate a negative dominant role of the ATAD3C paralog with implications for mitochondrial OXPHOS function and suggest that its expression regulates ATAD3A in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gaudó
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department. Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena de Tomás-Mateo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department. Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nuria Garrido-Pérez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department. Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35001, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Clinical Genetics Unit, Complejo Hospitarlario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Las Palamas de Gran Canaria, 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Pesini
- Institute for Health Research (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julio Montoya
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department. Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Bayona-Bafaluy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department. Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Chen L, Li Y, Zambidis A, Papadopoulos V. ATAD3A: A Key Regulator of Mitochondria-Associated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12511. [PMID: 37569886 PMCID: PMC10419812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane protein ATAD3A is a member of the AAA-domain-containing ATPases superfamily. It is important for the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA, structure, and function. In recent years, an increasing number of ATAD3A mutations have been identified in patients with neurological symptoms. Many of these mutations disrupt mitochondrial structure, function, and dynamics and are lethal to patients at a young age. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the relationship between ATAD3A and mitochondria, including the interaction of ATAD3A with mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial/ER proteins, the regulation of ATAD3A in cholesterol mitochondrial trafficking, and the effect of known ATAD3A mutations on mitochondrial function. In the current review, we revealed that the oligomerization and interaction of ATAD3A with other mitochondrial/ER proteins are vital for its various functions. Despite affecting different domains of the protein, nearly all documented mutations observed in ATAD3A exhibit either loss-of-function or dominant-negative effects, potentially leading to disruption in the dimerization of ATAD3A; autophagy; mitophagy; alteration in mitochondrial number, size, and cristae morphology; and diminished activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, IV, and V. These findings imply that ATAD3A plays a critical role in mitochondrial dynamics, which can be readily perturbed by ATAD3A mutation variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 99089, USA; (L.C.); (Y.L.); (A.Z.)
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