1
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Paciotti R, Marrone A. A computational insight on the aromatic amino acids conjugation with [Cp*Rh(H 2O) 3] 2+ by using the meta-dynamics/FMO3 approach. J Mol Model 2023; 30:4. [PMID: 38082186 PMCID: PMC10713709 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rh(III) complexes demonstrated to exert promising pharmacological effects with potential applications as anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and antimicrobial agents. One important Rh(III)-ligand is the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) group forming in water the [Cp*Rh(H2O)3]2+ complex. Among of its attractive chemical properties is the ability to react specifically with Tyr amino acid side chain of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) peptides by means of highly chemoselective bioconjugation reaction, at room temperature and at pH 5-6. In this computational work, in order to deepen the mechanism of this chemoselective conjugation, we study the ligand exchange reaction between [Cp*Rh(H2O)3]2+ and three small molecules, namely p-cresol, 3-methylimidazole, and toluene, selected as mimetic of aromatic side chains of tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp) and phenylalanine (Phe), respectively. Our outcomes suggest that the high selectivity for Tyr side chain might be related to OH group able to affect both thermodynamic and kinetic of ligand exchange reaction, due to its ability to act as both H bond acceptor and donor. These mechanistic aspects can be used to design new metal drugs containing the [Cp*Rh]2+ scaffold targeting specifically Tyr residues involved in biological/pathological processes such as phosphorylation by means of Tyr-kinase enzyme and protein-protein interactions. METHODS The geometry of three encounter complexes and product adducts were optimized at the B3LYP//CPCM/ωB97X-D level of theory, adopting the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set for all non-metal atoms and the LANL2DZ pseudopotential for the Rh atom. Meta-dynamics RMSD (MTD(RMSD)) calculations at GFN2-xTB level of theory were performed in NVT conditions at 298.15 K to investigate the bioconjugation reactions (simulation time: 100 ps; integration step 2.0; implicit solvent model: GBSA). The MTD(RMSD) simulation was performed in two replicates for each encounter complex. Final representative subsets of 100 structures for each run were gained with a sampling rate of 1 ps and analyzed by performing single point calculations using the FMO3 method at RI-MP2/6-311G//PCM[1] level of theory, adopting the MCP-TZP core potential for Rh atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Paciotti
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G. D'Annunzio" Di Chieti-Pescara, I-66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G. D'Annunzio" Di Chieti-Pescara, I-66100, Chieti, Italy
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2
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Kapitza P, Scherfler A, Salcher S, Sopper S, Cziferszky M, Wurst K, Gust R. Reaction Behavior of [1,3-Diethyl-4,5-diphenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-ylidene] Containing Gold(I/III) Complexes against Ingredients of the Cell Culture Medium and the Meaning on the Potential Use for Cancer Eradication Therapy. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37294951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The reactivities of halido[1,3-diethyl-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylidene]gold(I) (chlorido (5), bromido (6), iodido (7)), bis[1,3-diethyl-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylidene]gold(I) (8), and bis[1,3-diethyl-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylidene]dihalidogold(III) (chlorido (9), bromido (10), iodido (11)) complexes against ingredients of the cell culture medium were analyzed by HPLC. The degradation in the RPMI 1640 medium was studied, too. Complex 6 quantitatively reacted with chloride to 5, while 7 showed additionally ligand scrambling to 8. Interactions with non-thiol containing amino acids could not be detected. However, glutathione (GSH) reacted immediately with 5 and 6 yielding the (NHC)gold(I)-GSH complex 12. The most active complex 8 was stable under in vitro conditions and strongly participated on the biological effects of 7. The gold(III) species 9-11 were completely reduced by GSH to 8 and are prodrugs. All complexes were tested for inhibitory effects in Cisplatin-resistant cells, as well as against cancer stem cell-enriched cell lines and showed excellent activity. Such compounds are of utmost interest for the therapy of drug-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kapitza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Bioscience Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Amelie Scherfler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Bioscience Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Stefan Salcher
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Haematology & Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Haematology & Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Monika Cziferszky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Bioscience Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Ronald Gust
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Bioscience Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
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3
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Giampà M, Corinti D, Maccelli A, Fornarini S, Berden G, Oomens J, Schwarzbich S, Glaser T, Crestoni ME. Binding Modes of a Cytotoxic Dinuclear Copper(II) Complex with Phosphate Ligands Probed by Vibrational Photodissociation Ion Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1341-1353. [PMID: 36655890 PMCID: PMC9890465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The dinuclear copper complex bearing a 2,7-disubstituted-1,8-naphthalenediol ligand, [(HtomMe){Cu(OAc)}2](OAc), a potential anticancer drug able to bind to two neighboring phosphates in the DNA backbone, is endowed with stronger cytotoxic effects and inhibition ability of DNA synthesis in human cancer cells as compared to cisplatin. In this study, the intrinsic binding ability of the charged complex [(HtomMe){Cu(OAc)}2]+ is investigated with representative phosphate diester ligands with growing chemical complexity, ranging from simple inorganic phosphate up to mononucleotides. An integrated method based on high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS), tandem MS, and infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy in the 600-1800 cm-1 spectral range, backed by quantum chemical calculations, has been used to characterize complexes formed in solution and delivered as bare species by electrospray ionization. The structural features revealed by IRMPD spectroscopy have been interpreted by comparison with linear IR spectra of the lowest-energy structures, revealing diagnostic signatures of binding modes of the dinuclear copper(II) complex with phosphate groups, whereas the possible competitive interaction with the nucleobase is silenced in the gas phase. This result points to the prevailing interaction of [(HtomMe){Cu(OAc)}2]+ with phosphate diesters and mononucleotides as a conceivable contribution to the observed anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giampà
- Department
of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy,
| | - Alessandro Maccelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giel Berden
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Schwarzbich
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy,
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4
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Corinti D, Paciotti R, Coletti C, Re N, Chiavarino B, Crestoni ME, Fornarini S. Elusive intermediates in cisplatin reaction with target amino acids: Platinum(II)-cysteine complexes assayed by IR ion spectroscopy and DFT calculations. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 237:112017. [PMID: 36209532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of a widely used metal based antineoplastic drug, cisplatin, cis-PtCl2(NH3)2, with L-cysteine (Cys) has been investigated using a combination of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), IRMPD gas phase ion spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The cysteine lateral chain represents one of the main platination sites in proteins, which is believed to be related to the resistance mechanisms to cisplatin. The vibrational features of the mass-selected substitution product cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(Cys)]+ and the intercepted cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(H2O)(Cys)]+ intermediate complex were compared to calculated IR spectra, enabling the assessment of the sampled ions structures. In cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(Cys)]+, cysteine was found to bind platinum through the sulfur atom as a thiolate zwitterion, highlighting the enhanced acidity of the cysteine thiol group upon metal coordination. The cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(H2O)(Cys)]+ structure complies with the non-covalent encounter complex, formed by cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(H2O)]+ and neutral cysteine. This species is able to undergo the substitution process to produce cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(Cys)]+ when activated as a mass-isolated ion suggesting its participation in the reaction mechanism of cisplatin with cysteine in solution. Finally, the DFT-calculated energy profile for the substitution reaction was correlated with the peculiar gas-phase reactivity of this non-covalent complex, resulting to be 10-fold less reactive toward substitution than the corresponding methionine complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma, "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Roberto Paciotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Barbara Chiavarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma, "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma, "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma, "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy
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5
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Squillace S, Niehoff ML, Doyle TM, Green M, Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S, Arnatt CK, Spiegel S, Farr SA, Salvemini D. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 activation in the central nervous system drives cisplatin-induced cognitive impairment. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:157738. [PMID: 36047496 PMCID: PMC9433103 DOI: 10.1172/jci157738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a major neurotoxicity affecting more than 50% of cancer survivors. The underpinning mechanisms are mostly unknown, and there are no FDA-approved interventions. Sphingolipidomic analysis of mouse prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, key sites of cognitive function, revealed that cisplatin increased levels of the potent signaling molecule sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and led to cognitive impairment. At the biochemical level, S1P induced mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain–containing protein 3 inflammasomes, and increased IL-1β formation. These events were attenuated by systemic administration of the functional S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) antagonist FTY720, which also attenuated cognitive impairment without adversely affecting locomotor activity. Similar attenuation was observed with ozanimod, another FDA-approved functional S1PR1 antagonist. Mice with astrocyte-specific deletion of S1pr1 lost their ability to respond to FTY720, implicating involvement of astrocytic S1PR1. Remarkably, our pharmacological and genetic approaches, coupled with computational modeling studies, revealed that cisplatin increased S1P production by activating TLR4. Collectively, our results identify the molecular mechanisms engaged by the S1P/S1PR1 axis in CRCI and establish S1PR1 antagonism as an approach to target CRCI with therapeutics that have fast-track clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Squillace
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and.,The Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael L Niehoff
- The Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Timothy M Doyle
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and.,The Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael Green
- The Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Christopher K Arnatt
- The Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Susan A Farr
- The Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and.,The Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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6
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Potęga A. Glutathione-Mediated Conjugation of Anticancer Drugs: An Overview of Reaction Mechanisms and Biological Significance for Drug Detoxification and Bioactivation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165252. [PMID: 36014491 PMCID: PMC9412641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of many anticancer drugs depends on the creation of specific metabolites that may alter their therapeutic or toxic properties. One significant route of biotransformation is a conjugation of electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione, which can be non-enzymatic and/or catalyzed by glutathione-dependent enzymes. Glutathione usually combines with anticancer drugs and/or their metabolites to form more polar and water-soluble glutathione S-conjugates, readily excreted outside the body. In this regard, glutathione plays a role in detoxification, decreasing the likelihood that a xenobiotic will react with cellular targets. However, some drugs once transformed into thioethers are more active or toxic than the parent compound. Thus, glutathione conjugation may also lead to pharmacological or toxicological effects through bioactivation reactions. My purpose here is to provide a broad overview of the mechanisms of glutathione-mediated conjugation of anticancer drugs. Additionally, I discuss the biological importance of glutathione conjugation to anticancer drug detoxification and bioactivation pathways. I also consider the potential role of glutathione in the metabolism of unsymmetrical bisacridines, a novel prosperous class of anticancer compounds developed in our laboratory. The knowledge on glutathione-mediated conjugation of anticancer drugs presented in this review may be noteworthy for improving cancer therapy and preventing drug resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Potęga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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7
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Paciotti R, Chiavarino B, Coletti C, Scuderi D, Re N, Corinti D, Rotari L, Fornarini S, Crestoni ME. IRMPD Spectroscopy of Bare Monodeprotonated Genistein, an Antioxidant Flavonoid. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19535-19544. [PMID: 35721943 PMCID: PMC9202291 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is a naturally occurring polyphenol belonging to the family of flavonoids with estrogenic properties and proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hormonal effects. Genistein and its derivatives are involved in radical scavenging activity by way of mechanisms based on sequential proton-loss electron transfer. In view of this role, a detailed structural characterization of its bare deprotonated form, [geni-H]-, generated by electrospray ionization, has been performed by tandem mass spectrometry and infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy in the 800-1800 cm-1 spectral range. Quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory were carried out to determine geometries, thermochemical data, and anharmonic vibrational properties of low-lying isomers, enabling to interpret the experimental spectrum. Evidence is gathered that the conjugate base of genistein exists as a single isomeric form, which is deprotonated at the most acidic site (7-OH) and benefits from a strong intramolecular H-bond interaction between 5-OH and the adjacent carbonyl oxygen in the most stable arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Paciotti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università G. D’Annunzio
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Barbara Chiavarino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università G. D’Annunzio
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Debora Scuderi
- Institut
de Chimie Physique (UMR8000), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università G. D’Annunzio
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Lucretia Rotari
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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8
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Ligation Motifs in Zinc-Bound Sulfonamide Drugs Assayed by IR Ion Spectroscopy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103144. [PMID: 35630621 PMCID: PMC9146759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The sulfonamide–zinc ion interaction, performing a key role in various biological contexts, is the focus of the present study, with the aim of elucidating ligation motifs in zinc complexes of sulfa drugs, namely sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfathiazole (STZ), in a perturbation-free environment. To this end, an approach is exploited based on mass spectrometry coupled with infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy backed by quantum chemical calculations. IR spectra of Zn(H2O+SDZ−H)+ and Zn(H2O+STZ−H)+ ions are consistent with a three-coordinate zinc complex, where ZnOH+ binds to the uncharged sulfonamide via N(heterocycle) and O(sulfonyl) donor atoms. Alternative prototropic isomers Zn(OH2)(SDZ−H)+ and Zn(OH2)(STZ−H)+ lie 63 and 26 kJ mol−1 higher in free energy, respectively, relative to the ground state Zn(OH)(SDZ)+ and Zn(OH)(STZ)+ species and do not contribute to any significant extent in the sampled population.
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9
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Corinti D, Chiavarino B, Spano M, Tintaru A, Fornarini S, Crestoni ME. Molecular Basis for the Remarkably Different Gas-Phase Behavior of Deprotonated Thyroid Hormones Triiodothyronine (T3) and Reverse Triiodothyronine (rT3): A Clue for Their Discrimination? Anal Chem 2021; 93:14869-14877. [PMID: 34714056 PMCID: PMC8581966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Thyroid hormones
are biologically active small molecules responsible
for growth and development regulation, basal metabolic rate, and lipid
and carbohydrate metabolism. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
(LC–MS) can be used to quantify thyroid hormones blood level
with high speed and selectivity, aiming to improve the diagnosis and
treatment of the severe pathological conditions in which they are
implicated, i.e., hypo- and hyperthyroidism. In this work, the gas-phase
behavior of the isomeric thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and
reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) in their deprotonated form was studied
at a molecular level using MS-based techniques. Previously reported
collision-induced dissociation experiments yielded distinct spectra
despite the high structural similarity of the two compounds, suggesting
different charge sites to be responsible. Infrared multiple photon
dissociation spectroscopy on [T3-H]− and [rT3-H]− was performed, and the results were interpreted using
DFT and MP2 calculations, assessing the prevalence of T3 in the carboxylate
form and rT3 as a phenolate isomer. The different deprotonation sites
of the two isomers were also found to drive their ion-mobility behavior.
In fact, [T3-H]− and [rT3-H]− were
successfully separated. Drift times were correlated with collisional
cross section values of 209 and 215 Å2 for [T3-H]− and [rT3-H]−, respectively. Calculations
suggested the charge site to be the main parameter involved in the
different mobilities of the two anions. Finally, bare [T3-H]− and [rT3-H]− were made to react with neutral acetylacetone
and trifluoroacetic acid, confirming rT3 to be more acidic than T3
in agreement with the calculated gas-phase acidities of T3 and rT3
equal to 1345 and 1326 kJ mol–1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma I-00185, Italy
| | - Barbara Chiavarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma I-00185, Italy
| | - Mattia Spano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma I-00185, Italy
| | - Aura Tintaru
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma I-00185, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma I-00185, Italy
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10
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Paciotti R, Corinti D, Maitre P, Coletti C, Re N, Chiavarino B, Crestoni ME, Fornarini S. From Preassociation to Chelation: A Survey of Cisplatin Interaction with Methionine at Molecular Level by IR Ion Spectroscopy and Computations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2206-2217. [PMID: 34236851 PMCID: PMC8397306 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Methionine (Met) plays an important role in the metabolism of cisplatin anticancer drug. Yet, methionine platination in aqueous solution presents a highly complex pattern of interconnected paths and intermediates. This study reports on the reaction of methionine with the active aqua form of cisplatin, cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(H2O)]+, isolating the encounter complex of the reactant pair, {cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(H2O)]+·Met}, by electrospray ionization. In the unsolvated state, charged intermediates are characterized for their structure and photofragmentation behavior by IR ion spectroscopy combined with quantum-chemical calculations, obtaining an outline of the cisplatin-methionine reaction at a molecular level. To summarize the major findings: (i) the {cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(H2O)]+·Met} encounter complex, lying on the reaction coordinate of the Eigen-Wilkins preassociation mechanism for ligand substitution, is delivered in the gas phase and characterized by IR ion spectroscopy; (ii) upon vibrational excitation, ligand exchange occurs within {cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(H2O)]+·Met}, releasing water and cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(Met)]+, along the calculated energy profile; (iii) activated cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(Met)]+ ions undergo NH3 departure, forming a chelate complex, [PtCl(NH3)(Met)]+, whose structure is congruent with overwhelming S-Met ligation as the primary coordination step. The latter process involving ammonia loss marks a difference with the prevailing chloride replacement in protic solvent, pointing to the effect of a low-polarity environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Paciotti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università G. D’Annunzio
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Philippe Maitre
- Institut
de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Saclay,
CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università G. D’Annunzio
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università G. D’Annunzio
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Barbara Chiavarino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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11
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Tolbatov I, Marzo T, Cirri D, Gabbiani C, Coletti C, Marrone A, Paciotti R, Messori L, Re N. Reactions of cisplatin and cis-[PtI 2(NH 3) 2] with molecular models of relevant protein sidechains: A comparative analysis. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 209:111096. [PMID: 32485478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Quite surprisingly, cisplatin and cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] were found to manifest significant differences in their reactions with the model protein lysozyme. We decided to explore whether these differences recur when reacting these two Pt compounds with other proteins. Notably, ESI-MS measurements carried out on cytochrome c nicely confirmed the reaction pattern observed for lysozyme. This prompted us to exploit a computational DFT approach to disclose the molecular basis of such behavior. We analyzed comparatively the reactions of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] with appropriate molecular models (Ls) of the sidechains of relevant aminoacids. We found that when Pt(II) complexes are reacted with sulfur ligands both quickly lose their halide ligands and then the resulting cis-[Pt(L)2(NH3)2] species loses ammonia upon reaction with a ligand excess. In the case of imidazole, again cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] quickly lose their halide ligands but the resulting cis-[Pt(L)2(NH3)2] species does not lose ammonia by reaction with excess imidazole. These results imply that the two platinum complexes manifest a significantly different behavior in their reaction with representative small molecules in agreement with what observed in the case of model proteins. It follows that the protein itself must play a crucial role in triggering the peculiar reactivity of cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] and in governing the nature of the formed protein adducts. The probable reasons for the observed behavior are critically commented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iogann Tolbatov
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Damiano Cirri
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto F.no, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi, 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Gabbiani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi, 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Paciotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy.
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12
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Corinti D, Crestoni ME, Fornarini S, Dabbish E, Sicilia E, Gabano E, Perin E, Osella D. A multi-methodological inquiry of the behavior of cisplatin-based Pt(IV) derivatives in the presence of bioreductants with a focus on the isolated encounter complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:655-670. [PMID: 32296997 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01789-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The study of Pt(IV) antitumor prodrugs able to circumvent some drawbacks of the conventional Pt(II) chemotherapeutics is the focus of a lot of attention. This paper reports a thorough study based on experimental methods (reduction kinetics, electrochemistry, tandem mass spectrometry and IR ion spectroscopy) and quantum-mechanical DFT calculations on the reduction mechanism of cisplatin-based Pt(IV) derivatives having two hydroxido (1), one hydroxido and one acetato (2), or two acetato ligands (3) in axial position. The biological reductants glutathione and ascorbic acid were taken into consideration. The presence of a hydroxido ligand resulted to play an important role in the chemical reduction with ascorbic acid, as verified by 15N-NMR kinetic analysis using 15N-enriched complexes. The reactivity trend (1 > 2 > 3) does not reflect the respective reduction peak potentials (1 < 2 < 3), an inverse relationship already documented in similar systems. Turning to a simplified environment, the Pt(IV) complexes associated with a single reductant molecule (corresponding to the encounter complex occurring along the reaction coordinate in bimolecular reactions in solution) were characterized by IR ion spectroscopy and sampled for their reactivity under collision-induced dissociation (CID) conditions. The complexes display a comparable reduction reactivity ordering as that observed in solution. DFT calculations of the free energy pathways for the observed fragmentation reactions provide theoretical support for the CID patterns and the mechanistic hypotheses on the reduction process are corroborated by the observed reaction paths. The bulk of these data offers a clue of the intricate pathways occurring in solution.Graphic abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Eslam Dabbish
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci Cubo 14c, 87035, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci Cubo 14c, 87035, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gabano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Elena Perin
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Domenico Osella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
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