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Mangiatordi GF, Cavalluzzi MM, Delre P, Lamanna G, Lumuscio MC, Saviano M, Majoral JP, Mignani S, Duranti A, Lentini G. Endocannabinoid Degradation Enzyme Inhibitors as Potential Antipsychotics: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020469. [PMID: 36831006 PMCID: PMC9953700 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a very important role in numerous physiological and pharmacological processes, such as those related to the central nervous system (CNS), including learning, memory, emotional processing, as well pain control, inflammatory and immune response, and as a biomarker in certain psychiatric disorders. Unfortunately, the half-life of the natural ligands responsible for these effects is very short. This perspective describes the potential role of the inhibitors of the enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), which are mainly responsible for the degradation of endogenous ligands in psychic disorders and related pathologies. The examination was carried out considering both the impact that the classical exogenous ligands such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and (-)-trans-cannabidiol (CBD) have on the ECS and through an analysis focused on the possibility of predicting the potential toxicity of the inhibitors before they are subjected to clinical studies. In particular, cardiotoxicity (hERG liability), probably the worst early adverse reaction studied during clinical studies focused on acute toxicity, was predicted, and some of the most used and robust metrics available were considered to select which of the analyzed compounds could be repositioned as possible oral antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Delre
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lamanna
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Lumuscio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Saviano
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 4, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 4, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Serge Mignani
- CERMN (Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), Université de Caen, 14032 Caen, France
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG (Molecular Materials Research Group), Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Andrea Duranti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0722-303501
| | - Giovanni Lentini
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Jue J, Ha JH. Exploring the relationships between personality and color preferences. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1065372. [PMID: 36600720 PMCID: PMC9806338 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1065372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study set out to quantitatively examine the relationship between personality and color, focusing on connotations and preference. Method A total of 854 Koreans, aged from 20 to 60, participated in the study. They indicated which colors they associated with various personality words, completed the Ten Item Personality Inventory, and ranked their color preferences. We analyzed the data using frequency analysis, correlation analysis, t-tests, regression analysis, and cluster analysis. Results The analyses revealed that all five personality types have characteristic color associations. Through regression analysis, we found that color preference can significantly predict personality. The comparison among personality groups produced by cluster analysis confirmed that people with strong specific personalities prefer the colors that symbolize their personalities. Discussion This study's findings highlight the relationship between personality and color preference. The limitations and suggestions for future studies are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Jue
- Department of Art Therapy, Hanyang Cyber University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Juliet Jue, ; Jung Hee Ha,
| | - Jung Hee Ha
- Graduate School of Counseling Psychology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Juliet Jue, ; Jung Hee Ha,
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Valentine L, McEnery C, O'Sullivan S, D'Alfonso S, Gleeson J, Bendall S, Alvarez-Jimenez M. Young people's experience of online therapy for first-episode psychosis: A qualitative study. Psychol Psychother 2022; 95:155-172. [PMID: 34252267 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to understand how young people with first-episode psychosis experienced online therapy on a Moderated Online Social Therapy (MOST) platform known as Horyzons. METHODS Semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 young people who had previously participated in Horyzons, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a long-term digital intervention for first-episode psychosis. Interviews were analysed using a phenomenological approach. RESULTS This study found that the online therapy experience for first-episode psychosis was idiosyncratic, taking on different meaning for different users. The relatively fixed therapeutic content led to experiences that included on-demand help-seeking, positive distraction, revision, generalization and translation, and normalization. We also found that although the experience of online therapy was motivating to some, it was overwhelming for others. CONCLUSIONS The self-directed and flexible nature of the Horyzons online therapy gave some young people a sense of welcomed control over their mental health journey, and others felt overwhelmed by the high level of choice. Feeling overwhelmed by the level of choice appeared to interrupt their engagement with the platform, and thus their overall ability to use the intervention meaningfully. We also found that on-demand help-seeking and positive distraction were two functions unique to young people through online therapy and may have been related to the significant reduction in the number of overall presentations by young people to emergency departments and a non-significant trend for lower hospitalizations due to psychosis in the intervention group of the Horyzons RCT. PRACTITIONER POINTS Young people used online therapy for on-demand support to help deal with distress. Young people used online therapy to distract themselves from distress in a positive way. Some young people valued the flexibility of online therapy, which increased their motivation to engage with it. Some young people were overwhelmed by the amount of choice available to them via online therapy, which decreased their motivation to engage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Valentine
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Carla McEnery
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shaunagh O'Sullivan
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon D'Alfonso
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John Gleeson
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Hänsel K, Lin IW, Sobolev M, Muscat W, Yum-Chan S, De Choudhury M, Kane JM, Birnbaum ML. Utilizing Instagram Data to Identify Usage Patterns Associated With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:691327. [PMID: 34483987 PMCID: PMC8415353 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.691327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Prior research has successfully identified linguistic and behavioral patterns associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) from user generated social media activity. Few studies, however, have explored the potential for image analysis to inform psychiatric care for individuals with SSD. Given the popularity of image-based platforms, such as Instagram, investigating user generated image data could further strengthen associations between social media activity and behavioral health. Methods: We collected 11,947 Instagram posts across 68 participants (mean age = 23.6; 59% male) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD; n = 34) and healthy volunteers (HV; n = 34). We extracted image features including color composition, aspect ratio, and number of faces depicted. Additionally, we considered social connections and behavioral features. We explored differences in usage patterns between SSD and HV participants. Results: Individuals with SSD posted images with lower saturation (p = 0.033) and lower colorfulness (p = 0.005) compared to HVs, as well as images showing fewer faces on average (SSD = 1.5, HV = 2.4, p < 0.001). Further, individuals with SSD demonstrated a lower ratio of followers to following compared to HV participants (p = 0.025). Conclusion: Differences in uploaded images and user activity on Instagram were identified in individuals with SSD. These differences highlight potential digital biomarkers of SSD from Instagram data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Hänsel
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Cornell Tech, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Inna Wanyin Lin
- Cornell Tech, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael Sobolev
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Cornell Tech, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Whitney Muscat
- Department of Psychology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Sabrina Yum-Chan
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Munmun De Choudhury
- School of Interactive Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - John M. Kane
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hampstead, NY, United States
| | - Michael L. Birnbaum
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hampstead, NY, United States
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5
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Birnbaum ML, Norel R, Van Meter A, Ali AF, Arenare E, Eyigoz E, Agurto C, Germano N, Kane JM, Cecchi GA. Identifying signals associated with psychiatric illness utilizing language and images posted to Facebook. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2020; 6:38. [PMID: 33273468 PMCID: PMC7713057 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-020-00125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prior research has identified associations between social media activity and psychiatric diagnoses; however, diagnoses are rarely clinically confirmed. Toward the goal of applying novel approaches to improve outcomes, research using real patient data is necessary. We collected 3,404,959 Facebook messages and 142,390 images across 223 participants (mean age = 23.7; 41.7% male) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), mood disorders (MD), and healthy volunteers (HV). We analyzed features uploaded up to 18 months before the first hospitalization using machine learning and built classifiers that distinguished SSD and MD from HV, and SSD from MD. Classification achieved AUC of 0.77 (HV vs. MD), 0.76 (HV vs. SSD), and 0.72 (SSD vs. MD). SSD used more (P < 0.01) perception words (hear, see, feel) than MD or HV. SSD and MD used more (P < 0.01) swear words compared to HV. SSD were more likely to express negative emotions compared to HV (P < 0.01). MD used more words related to biological processes (blood/pain) compared to HV (P < 0.01). The height and width of photos posted by SSD and MD were smaller (P < 0.01) than HV. MD photos contained more blues and less yellows (P < 0.01). Closer to hospitalization, use of punctuation increased (SSD vs HV), use of negative emotion words increased (MD vs. HV), and use of swear words increased (P < 0.01) for SSD and MD compared to HV. Machine-learning algorithms are capable of differentiating SSD and MD using Facebook activity alone over a year in advance of hospitalization. Integrating Facebook data with clinical information could one day serve to inform clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Birnbaum
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.
| | - Raquel Norel
- IBM Research, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
| | - Anna Van Meter
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Asra F Ali
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Arenare
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Elif Eyigoz
- IBM Research, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
| | - Carla Agurto
- IBM Research, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Germano
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - John M Kane
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Guillermo A Cecchi
- IBM Research, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
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Lentini G, Milani G, Habtemariam S. The therapeutic power of green. Schizophr Res 2019; 210:310. [PMID: 31285075 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Lentini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Gualtiero Milani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Medway School of Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
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7
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John G. Volatility and fluctuations in preferences for Red, Yellow and Blue colours are indicators of personality traits and biological status. Med Hypotheses 2018; 122:115-119. [PMID: 30593392 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Response to colour is an outcome of complex interactions between retinal neurophysiology and light. This paper puts forward the hypothesis that the sequence of preferences for the three primary colours Red, Yellow and Blue could provide cues to the personality of an individual. The sequence of preferences will harbour hidden patterns or algorithms that are linked to personality traits. The fluctuations or volatility observed in these preferences carefully recorded over a large number of observations will throw up interesting patterns that can be linked to personality traits. The data from a number of subjects will be used to identify similarities in colour preference patterns that match with personality types that have been determined using standardised tools for identifying personality types. The protocols to be followed for testing the hypothesis have been detailed. Statistical analyses of the data sets are suggested. The subjects that will be studied will hopefully be a source of data that will lead to unveiling the complexities of various personality types and personality traits. It will not be out of place to assume that the data generated can be extrapolated to read the biological and physiological conditions also.
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Affiliation(s)
- George John
- Former Vice Chancellor, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, India; Former Sr. Adviser, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Apartment : 5140, B 7, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India.
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Yu E, Zhu J, Tan Y, Liao Z, Qiu Y, Zhang B, Wang C, Wang W. Color preferences in participants with high or low hypnotic susceptibility. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:393-398. [PMID: 29430180 PMCID: PMC5796459 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s154887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Color preferences vary among normal individuals and psychiatric patients, and this might be related to their different levels of hypnotic susceptibility. We hypothesized that individuals with higher hypnotic susceptibility prefer more arousing colors such as red. PATIENTS AND METHODS Out of 440 participants, we selected 70 with higher (HIGH) and 66 with lower (LOW) hypnotic susceptibilities, and asked them to undergo the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale: Form C (SHSSC) test, then to order their preferences of 11 colors. RESULTS The HIGH group preferred red more and scored higher on the total SHSSC. The preference order of black was negatively predicted by the SHSSC Taste hallucination but positively by Arm rigidity, and the preference of yellow was positively predicted by Posthypnotic amnesia and Taste hallucination in the HIGH group. CONCLUSION The red preference and the SHSSC associations with black and yellow preferences in participants with high hypnotic susceptibility help to clarify the individual difference of color preference and provide research hints for behavioral studies in normal individuals and psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyan Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junpeng Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengluan Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaju Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingren Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Wang
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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