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Tomes CD, Canetti EFD, Schram B, Orr R. Heart Rate Variability Assessment of Land Navigation and Load Carriage Activities in Specialist Police Selection. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2677. [PMID: 37830716 PMCID: PMC10572114 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Police tactical group (PTG) personnel are exposed to physical, mental, and emotional stressors. Consequently, PTG selection courses (SCs) impart similar challenges, often resulting in candidate attrition. Holistic assessment may provide additional support to stakeholders given these risks. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is an objective holistic stress measure that may be applicable in PTG SCs but has not been thoroughly researched. Therefore, this study aimed to report HRV data in an end-user accessible format and determine the relationship between HRV and attrition. A total of 18 qualified Australian State law enforcement officers completed a 1-day physical readiness assessment. Of those, six males progressed to an additional two-day course, on which this study is focused. This two-day selection consisted of additional physical challenges and occupational assessments. HRV was obtained from 2-lead ECGs and defined as the percentage of R-R intervals that varied by ≥50 ms (pRR50). Data were summarized in a heat map of consecutive short-term analyses. Three candidates withdrew. A logistic regression based on heat map data found high HRV was significant for predicting attrition, χ2 (6) = 8.318, p = 0.004. HRV may provide insight for PTG stakeholders monitoring attrition. While the sample size was limited and replication is needed, this study tentatively establishes value for HRV monitoring in PTG SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin D. Tomes
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
| | - Elisa F. D. Canetti
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
| | - Ben Schram
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
| | - Robin Orr
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia; (E.F.D.C.); (B.S.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4226, Australia
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Gonzalez DE, McAllister MJ, Waldman HS, Ferrando AA, Joyce J, Barringer ND, Dawes JJ, Kieffer AJ, Harvey T, Kerksick CM, Stout JR, Ziegenfuss TN, Zapp A, Tartar JL, Heileson JL, VanDusseldorp TA, Kalman DS, Campbell BI, Antonio J, Kreider RB. International society of sports nutrition position stand: tactical athlete nutrition. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:267-315. [PMID: 35813846 PMCID: PMC9261739 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2086017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Drew E. Gonzalez
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health & Kinesiology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew J. McAllister
- Texas State University, Metabolic and Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health & Human Performance, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Hunter S. Waldman
- University of North Alabama, Department of Kinesiology, Florence, AL, USA
| | - Arny A. Ferrando
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Geriatrics, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jill Joyce
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Nicholas D. Barringer
- US. Army-Baylor Master’s Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - J. Jay Dawes
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Adam J. Kieffer
- Brooke Army Medical Center, Department of Nutritional Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Travis Harvey
- United States Special Operations Command, Preservation of the Force and Family, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chad M. Kerksick
- Lindenwood University, Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, St. Charles, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Stout
- University of Central Florida, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Jamie L. Tartar
- Nova Southeastern University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Jeffery L. Heileson
- Baylor University, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Waco, TX, USA
| | | | - Douglas S. Kalman
- Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Nutrition Department, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Bill I. Campbell
- University of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jose Antonio
- Fight Science Laboratory, Nova Southeastern University, Department of Health and Human Performance, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Richard B. Kreider
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health & Kinesiology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Orr R, Pope R, Lopes TJA, Leyk D, Blacker S, Bustillo-Aguirre BS, Knapik JJ. Soldier Load Carriage, Injuries, Rehabilitation and Physical Conditioning: An International Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084010. [PMID: 33920426 PMCID: PMC8069713 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soldiers are often required to carry heavy loads that can exceed 45 kg. The physiological costs and biomechanical responses to these loads, whilst varying with the contexts in which they are carried, have led to soldier injuries. These injuries can range from musculoskeletal injuries (e.g., joint/ligamentous injuries and stress fractures) to neurological injuries (e.g., paresthesias), and impact on both the soldier and the army in which they serve. Following treatment to facilitate initial recovery from injuries, soldiers must be progressively reconditioned for load carriage. Optimal conditioning and reconditioning practices include load carriage sessions with a frequency of one session every 10–14 days in conjunction with a program of both resistance and aerobic training. Speed of march and grade and type of terrain covered are factors that can be adjusted to manipulate load carriage intensity, limiting the need to adjust load weight alone. Factors external to the load carriage program, such as other military duties, can also impart physical loading and must be considered as part of any load carriage conditioning/reconditioning program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Orr
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4213, Australia; (R.P.); (J.J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-5595-5530
| | - Rodney Pope
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4213, Australia; (R.P.); (J.J.K.)
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury 2640, Australia
| | - Thiago Jambo Alves Lopes
- Research Laboratory of Exercise Science, Centro de Educação Física Almirante Adalberto Nunes, Brazilian Navy, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
- Post-Graduation Program in Operational Human Performance/PPGDHO, Brazilian Air Force, University of the Air Force, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Dieter Leyk
- Research Group Epidemiology of Performance, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany;
- Bundeswehr Institute for Preventive Medicine, 56626 Andernach, Germany
| | - Sam Blacker
- Occupational Performance Research Group, Institute of Sport, University of Chichester, West Sussex PO19 6PE, UK;
| | - Beatriz Sanz Bustillo-Aguirre
- Ministry of Defence, Paseo de la Castellana 109, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Avenida Montepríncipe s/n, Bohadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph J. Knapik
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4213, Australia; (R.P.); (J.J.K.)
- United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA
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