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Cytoglobin deficiency potentiates Crb1-mediated retinal degeneration in rd8 mice. Dev Biol 2019; 458:141-152. [PMID: 31634437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Cytoglobin (Cygb) deficiency on Crb1-related retinopathy. The Crb1 cell polarity complex is required for photoreceptor function and survival. Crb1-related retinopathies encompass a broad range of phenotypes which are not completely explained by the variability of Crb1 mutations. Genes thought to modify Crb1 function are therefore important targets of research. The biological function of Cygb involves oxygen delivery, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide metabolism. However, the relationship of Cygb to diseases involving the Crb1 cell polarity complex is unknown. METHODS Cygb knockout mice homozygous for the rd8 mutation (Cygb-/-rd8/rd8) were screened for ocular abnormalities and imaged using optical coherence tomography and fundus photography. Electroretinography was performed, as was histology and immunohistochemistry. Quantitative PCR was used to determine the effect of Cygb deficiency on transcription of Crb1 related cell polarity genes. RESULTS Cygb-/-rd8/rd8 mice develop an abnormal retina with severe lamination abnormalities. The retina undergoes progressive degeneration with the ventral retina more severely affected than the dorsal retina. Cygb expression is in neurons of the retinal ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. Immunohistochemical studies suggest that cell death predominates in the photoreceptors. Electroretinography amplitudes show reduced a- and b-waves, consistent with photoreceptor disease. Cygb deficient retinas had only modest transcriptional perturbations of Crb1-related cell polarity genes. Cygb-/- mice without the rd8 mutation did not exhibit obvious retinal abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Cygb is necessary for retinal lamination, maintenance of cell polarity, and photoreceptor survival in rd8 mice. These results are consistent with Cygb as a disease modifying gene in Crb1-related retinopathy. Further studies are necessary to investigate the role of Cygb in the human retina.
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Park W, Srikanth K, Lim D, Park M, Hur T, Kemp S, Dessie T, Kim MS, Lee SR, te Pas MFW, Kim JM, Park JE. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Ethiopian indigenous chickens from low and high altitudes under heat stress condition reveals differential immune response. Anim Genet 2018; 50:42-53. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - K. Srikanth
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - D. Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - M. Park
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - T. Hur
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - S. Kemp
- Animal Biosciences; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); P.O. Box 30709 Nairobi 00100 Kenya
| | - T. Dessie
- Animal Biosciences; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); P.O. Box 5689 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - M. S. Kim
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Republic of Korea Gwangju 61186 Korea
| | - S.-R. Lee
- Department of Agro-biotechnology Convergence; Jeonju University; Republic of Korea 55069 Jeonju Korea
| | - M. F. W. te Pas
- Animal Breeding and Genomics; Wageningen UR Livestock Research; 6700AH Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - J.-M. Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong Gyeonggi-do 17546 Korea
| | - J.-E. Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
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Xie W, Yang Y, Gao S, Song T, Wu Y, Li D, Liu M, Zhou J. The tumor suppressor CYLD controls epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis by regulating mitotic spindle behavior and adherens junction assembly. J Genet Genomics 2017; 44:343-353. [PMID: 28750888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis are essential for animal development and tissue regeneration, and epithelial disorganization is associated with developmental disorders and tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the morphogenesis and homeostasis of the epithelium remain elusive. Herein, we report a novel role for the cylindromatosis (CYLD) tumor suppressor in these events. Our results show that CYLD depletion disrupts epithelial organization in both Drosophila egg chambers and mouse skin and intestinal epithelia. Microscopic analysis of proliferating cells in mouse epithelial tissues and cultured organoids reveals that loss of CYLD synergizes with tumor-promoting agents to cause the misorientation of the mitotic spindle. Mechanistic studies show that CYLD accumulates at the cell cortex in epithelial tissues and cultured cells, where it promotes the formation of epithelial adherens junctions through the modulation of microtubule dynamics. These data suggest that CYLD controls epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis by modulating the assembly of adherens junctions and ensuring proper orientation of the mitotic spindle. Our findings thus provide novel insight into the role of CYLD in development, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yunfan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Siqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ting Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yuhan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Genetic and Molecular Approaches to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex. Brain Sci 2017; 7:brainsci7050053. [PMID: 28475113 PMCID: PMC5447935 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7050053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of neuronal cells in the developing cerebral cortex is essential for proper development of the brain and brain networks. Disturbances in this process, due to genetic abnormalities or exogenous factors, leads to aberrant brain formation, brain network formation, and brain function. In the last decade, there has been extensive research in the field of neuronal migration. In this review, we describe different methods and approaches to assess and study neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex. First, we discuss several genetic methods, techniques and genetic models that have been used to study neuronal migration in the developing cortex. Second, we describe several molecular approaches to study aberrant neuronal migration in the cortex which can be used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of neuronal migration. Finally, we describe model systems to investigate and assess the potential toxicity effect of prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals on proper brain formation and neuronal migration.
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Chen HR, Juan HC, Wong YH, Tsai JW, Fann MJ. Cdk12 Regulates Neurogenesis and Late-Arising Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:2289-2302. [PMID: 27073218 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are critical for ensuring that replication stress and various types of DNA lesion do not perturb production of neural cells during development. Cdk12 maintains genomic stability by regulating expression of DDR genes. Mutant mice in which Cdk12 is conditionally deleted in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) die after birth and exhibit microcephaly with a thinner cortical plate and an aberrant corpus callosum. We show that NPCs of mutant mice accumulate at G2 and M phase, and have lower expression of DDR genes, more DNA double-strand breaks and increased apoptosis. In addition to there being fewer neurons, there is misalignment of layers IV-II neurons and the presence of abnormal axonal tracts of these neurons, suggesting that Cdk12 is also required for the migration of late-arising cortical neurons. Using in utero electroporation, we demonstrate that the migrating mutant cells remain within the intermediate zone and fail to adopt a bipolar morphology. Overexpression of Cdk5 brings about a partially restoration of the neurons reaching layers IV-II in the mutant mice. Thus, Cdk12 is crucial to the repair of DNA damage during the proliferation of NPCs and is also central to the proper migration of late-arising neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ru Chen
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences.,Brain Research Center
| | - Hsien-Chia Juan
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences
| | | | - Jin-Wu Tsai
- Brain Research Center.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan 11221, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Ji Fann
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences.,Brain Research Center
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Zhu J, Shang Y, Zhang M. Mechanistic basis of MAGUK-organized complexes in synaptic development and signalling. Nat Rev Neurosci 2016; 17:209-23. [DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2016.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Dudok JJ, Murtaza M, Henrique Alves C, Rashbass P, Wijnholds J. Crumbs 2 prevents cortical abnormalities in mouse dorsal telencephalon. Neurosci Res 2016; 108:12-23. [PMID: 26802325 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a functionally integrated nervous system is dependent on a highly organized sequence of events that includes timely division and differentiation of progenitors. Several apical polarity proteins have been shown to play crucial roles during neurogenesis, however, the role of Crumbs 2 (CRB2) in cortical development has not previously been reported. Here, we show that conditional ablation of Crb2 in the murine dorsal telencephalon leads to defects in the maintenance of the apical complex. Furthermore, within the mutant dorsal telencephalon there is premature expression of differentiation proteins. We examined the physiological function of Crb2 on wild type genetic background as well as on background lacking Crb1. Telencephalon lacking CRB2 resulted in reduced levels of PALS1 and CRB3 from the apical complex, an increased number of mitotic cells and expanded neuronal domain. These defects are transient and therefore only result in rather mild cortical abnormalities. We show that CRB2 is required for maintenance of the apical polarity complex during development of the cortex and regulation of cell division, and that loss of CRB2 results in cortical abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus J Dudok
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariyam Murtaza
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - C Henrique Alves
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pen Rashbass
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Wijnholds
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Ma H, Cai H, Zhang Y, Wu J, Liu X, Zuo J, Jiang W, Ji G, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhu W, Yu L. Membrane palmitoylated protein 3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion via up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase 1. Cancer Lett 2014; 344:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Alves CH, Pellissier LP, Wijnholds J. The CRB1 and adherens junction complex proteins in retinal development and maintenance. Prog Retin Eye Res 2014; 40:35-52. [PMID: 24508727 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The early developing retinal neuroepithelium is composed of multipotent retinal progenitor cells that differentiate in a time specific manner, giving rise to six major types of neuronal and one type of glial cells. These cells migrate and organize in three distinct nuclear layers divided by two plexiform layers. Apical and adherens junction complexes have a crucial role in this process by the establishment of polarity and adhesion. Changes in these complexes disturb the spatiotemporal aspects of retinogenesis, leading to retinal degeneration resulting in mild or severe impairment of retinal function and vision. In this review, we summarize the mouse models for the different members of the apical and adherens junction protein complexes and describe the main features of their retinal phenotypes. The knowledge acquired from the different mutant animals for these proteins corroborate their importance in retina development and maintenance of normal retinal structure and function. More recently, several studies have tried to unravel the connection between the apical proteins, important cellular signaling pathways and their relation in retina development. Still, the mechanisms by which these proteins function remain largely unknown. Here, we hypothesize how the mammalian apical CRB1 complex might control retinogenesis and prevents onset of Leber congenital amaurosis or retinitis pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Henrique Alves
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucie P Pellissier
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Wijnholds
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Dudok JJ, Sanz AS, Lundvig DMS, Sothilingam V, Garrido MG, Klooster J, Seeliger MW, Wijnholds J. MPP3 regulates levels of PALS1 and adhesion between photoreceptors and Müller cells. Glia 2013; 61:1629-44. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus J. Dudok
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; 1105; BA Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Alicia Sanz Sanz
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; 1105; BA Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Ditte M. S. Lundvig
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; 1105; BA Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Vithiyanjali Sothilingam
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration; Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen; 72076; Tübingen; Germany
| | - Marina Garcia Garrido
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration; Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen; 72076; Tübingen; Germany
| | - Jan Klooster
- Department of Retinal Signal Processing; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; 1105; BA Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Mathias W. Seeliger
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration; Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen; 72076; Tübingen; Germany
| | - Jan Wijnholds
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; 1105; BA Amsterdam; The Netherlands
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