1
|
Feige J, Airo A, Berger D, Brückner D, Gärtner A, Genge M, Leya I, Habibi Marekani F, Hecht L, Klingner N, Lachner J, Li X, Merchel S, Nissen J, Patzer ABC, Peterson S, Schropp A, Sager C, Suttle MD, Trappitsch R, Weinhold J. Transport of dust across the Solar System: Constraints on the spatial origin of individual micrometeorites from cosmic-ray exposure. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2024; 382:20230197. [PMID: 38736334 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2023.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The origin of micrometeorites (MMs) from asteroids and comets is well-established, but the relative contribution from these two classes remains poorly resolved. Likewise, determining the precise origin of individual MMs is an open challenge. Here, cosmic-ray exposure ages are used to resolve the spatial origins of 12 MMs collected from urban areas and Antarctica. Their 26Al and 10Be concentration, produced during cosmic-ray irradiation in space, were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry. These data are compared to results from a model simulating the transport and irradiation of the MM precursors in space. This model, for the first time, considers a variety of orbits, precursor particle sizes, compositions and densities and incorporates non-isotropic solar and galactic cosmic-ray flux profiles, depth-dependent production rates, as well as spherical evaporation during atmospheric entry. While the origin for six MMs remains ambiguous, two MMs show a preferential tendency towards an origin in the Inner Solar System (Near Earth Objects to the Asteroid Belt) and four towards an origin in the Outer Solar System (Jupiter Family Comets to the Kuiper Belt). These findings challenge the notion that dust originating from the Outer Solar System is unlikely to survive long-term transport and delivery to the terrestrial planets. This article is part of the theme issue 'Dust in the Solar System and beyond'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Feige
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - A Airo
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - D Berger
- Center for Electron Microscopy (ZELMI), Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - D Brückner
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - A Gärtner
- Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Sektion Mineralogie/Isotope Forensics , Dresden 01109, Germany
| | - M Genge
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - I Leya
- Space Science and Planetology, Physics Institute, University of Bern , Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - F Habibi Marekani
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - L Hecht
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - N Klingner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - J Lachner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden 01328, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Isotope Physics, University of Vienna , Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - X Li
- Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz-Maier-Leibnitz FRM II, Technische Universität München , Garching 85748, Germany
| | - S Merchel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden 01328, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Isotope Physics, University of Vienna , Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - J Nissen
- Center for Electron Microscopy (ZELMI), Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - A B C Patzer
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - S Peterson
- Electron Microprobe Laboratory, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455-0153, USA
| | - A Schropp
- Center for X-ray and Nano Science CXNS, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Helmholtz Imaging, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - C Sager
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - M D Suttle
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University , Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa , Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - R Trappitsch
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil & Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - J Weinhold
- Zentraleinrichtung 3D Technologien (ZE3D), Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Garba R, Usyk V, Ylä-Mella L, Kameník J, Stübner K, Lachner J, Rugel G, Veselovský F, Gerasimenko N, Herries AIR, Kučera J, Knudsen MF, Jansen JD. East-to-west human dispersal into Europe 1.4 million years ago. Nature 2024; 627:805-810. [PMID: 38448591 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Stone tools stratified in alluvium and loess at Korolevo, western Ukraine, have been studied by several research groups1-3 since the discovery of the site in the 1970s. Although Korolevo's importance to the European Palaeolithic is widely acknowledged, age constraints on the lowermost lithic artefacts have yet to be determined conclusively. Here, using two methods of burial dating with cosmogenic nuclides4,5, we report ages of 1.42 ± 0.10 million years and 1.42 ± 0.28 million years for the sedimentary unit that contains Mode-1-type lithic artefacts. Korolevo represents, to our knowledge, the earliest securely dated hominin presence in Europe, and bridges the spatial and temporal gap between the Caucasus (around 1.85-1.78 million years ago)6 and southwestern Europe (around 1.2-1.1 million years ago)7,8. Our findings advance the hypothesis that Europe was colonized from the east, and our analysis of habitat suitability9 suggests that early hominins exploited warm interglacial periods to disperse into higher latitudes and relatively continental sites-such as Korolevo-well before the Middle Pleistocene Transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Garba
- Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež, Czechia.
- Institute of Archaeology Prague, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
| | - V Usyk
- Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Archaeology Brno, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - L Ylä-Mella
- GFÚ Institute of Geophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - J Kameník
- Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež, Czechia
| | - K Stübner
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Lachner
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - G Rugel
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - N Gerasimenko
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - A I R Herries
- Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Palaeo-Research Institute, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J Kučera
- Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež, Czechia
| | - M F Knudsen
- Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - J D Jansen
- GFÚ Institute of Geophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The initial exploration for 26Al chronology in deep-sea ferromanganese crust. RADIATION DETECTION TECHNOLOGY AND METHODS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41605-023-00386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
|
4
|
Processing of Korolevo samples aimed at AMS determination of in situ 10Be and 26Al nuclides and their purity control using follow-up mass spectrometry scans. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
5
|
In-phase millennial-scale glacier changes in the tropics and North Atlantic regions during the Holocene. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1419. [PMID: 35301286 PMCID: PMC8930989 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on new and published cosmic-ray exposure chronologies, we show that glacier extent in the tropical Andes and the north Atlantic regions (TANAR) varied in-phase on millennial timescales during the Holocene, distinct from other regions. Glaciers experienced an early Holocene maximum extent, followed by a strong mid-Holocene retreat and a re-advance in the late Holocene. We further explore the potential forcing of TANAR glacier variations using transient climate simulations. Since the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) evolution is poorly represented in these transient simulations, we develop a semi-empirical model to estimate the “AMOC-corrected” temperature and precipitation footprint at regional scales. We show that variations in the AMOC strength during the Holocene are consistent with the observed glacier changes. Our findings highlight the need to better constrain past AMOC behavior, as it may be an important driver of TANAR glacier variations during the Holocene, superimposed on other forcing mechanisms. Glaciers showed a similar evolution in Greenland, Europe, the US and the tropical Andes during the Holocene. The authors propose the Atlantic Meridional Ocean Overturning Circulation as a key driver of this trend.
Collapse
|
6
|
Comparison and performance of two cosmogenic nuclide sample preparation procedures of in situ produced 10Be and 26Al. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07916-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCosmogenic radionuclide 10Be and 26Al targets (BeO and Al2O3) for AMS analysis are produced by a growing number of geochemical laboratories, employing different sample processing methods for the extraction of Be and Al from environmental materials. The reliability of this geochronological tool depends on data reproducibility independent from the preparation steps and the AMS measurements. Our results demonstrate that 10Be and 26Al concentrations of targets processed following different, commonly used protocols and measured at two AMS facilities lead to consistent results. However, insoluble fluoride precipitates, if formed during processing, can cause decreased 26Al results, while 10Be concentrations are unaffected.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wallner A, Feige J, Fifield LK, Froehlich MB, Golser R, Hotchkis MAC, Koll D, Leckenby G, Martschini M, Merchel S, Panjkov S, Pavetich S, Rugel G, Tims SG. 60Fe deposition during the late Pleistocene and the Holocene echoes past supernova activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21873-21879. [PMID: 32839339 PMCID: PMC7486756 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916769117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclides synthesized in massive stars are ejected into space via stellar winds and supernova explosions. The solar system (SS) moves through the interstellar medium and collects these nucleosynthesis products. One such product is 60Fe, a radionuclide with a half-life of 2.6 My that is predominantly produced in massive stars and ejected in supernova explosions. Extraterrestrial 60Fe has been found on Earth, suggesting close-by supernova explosions ∼2 to 3 and ∼6 Ma. Here, we report on the detection of a continuous interstellar 60Fe influx on Earth over the past ∼33,000 y. This time period coincides with passage of our SS through such interstellar clouds, which have a significantly larger particle density compared to the local average interstellar medium embedding our SS for the past few million years. The interstellar 60Fe was extracted from five deep-sea sediment samples and accelerator mass spectrometry was used for single-atom counting. The low number of 19 detected atoms indicates a continued but low influx of interstellar 60Fe. The measured 60Fe time profile over the 33 ky, obtained with a time resolution of about ±9 ky, does not seem to reflect any large changes in the interstellar particle density during Earth's passage through local interstellar clouds, which could be expected if the local cloud represented an isolated remnant of the most recent supernova ejecta that traversed the Earth ∼2 to 3 Ma. The identified 60Fe influx may signal a late echo of some million-year-old supernovae with the 60Fe-bearing dust particles still permeating the interstellar medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Wallner
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Feige
- Isotope Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator Laboratory, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - L K Fifield
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - M B Froehlich
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - R Golser
- Isotope Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator Laboratory, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - M A C Hotchkis
- Centre for Accelerator Science, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - D Koll
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - G Leckenby
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - M Martschini
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Isotope Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator Laboratory, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - S Merchel
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S Panjkov
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - S Pavetich
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - G Rugel
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S G Tims
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nature Does the Averaging—In-Situ Produced 10Be, 21Ne, and 26Al in a Very Young River Terrace. GEOSCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences10060237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of long-lived in-situ produced cosmogenic nuclides (10Be, 21Ne, 26Al) in quartz obtained from a very recent (~200 a; based on 14C data on organic material) terrace of the Swakop River in Namibia are nearly constant throughout a 322 cm-long depth profile. These findings corroborate earlier hypotheses postulating a homogeneous distribution of these nuclides in freshly deposited river terrace sediments. An averaged nuclide concentration is a crucial and generally assumed prerequisite for the determination of numerical ages of old sediments.
Collapse
|
9
|
Koll D, Faestermann T, Korschinek G, Wallner A. Origin of Recent Interstellar 60Fe on Earth. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023202001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, evidence for a 2 Myr old supernova 60Fe influx onto Earth was provided by several authors. For the first time, independent investigations of samples from two different geological archives yielded conclusive data for a further, much younger 60Fe influx onto Earth. The origin of this influx is currently unclear because of the limited data available, the lack of consistent astrophysical models and a gap in the data between 50 kyr and 1 Myr. Possible astrophysical scenarios will be discussed with respect to the different influx patterns from different sources and a measurement to close the gap will be proposed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Long-term dispersion of river gravel in a canyon in the Atacama Desert, Central Andes, deduced from their 10Be concentrations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17763. [PMID: 31780673 PMCID: PMC6882893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53806-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense storms or earthquakes in mountains can supply large amounts of gravel to rivers. Gravel clasts then travel at different rates, with periods of storage and periods of displacement leading to their downstream dispersion over millennia. The rate of this dispersion controls the long-term downcutting rate in mountainous rivers as well as the grain-size signature of climate and tectonic variations in sedimentary basins. Yet, the millennial dispersion rates of gravel are poorly known. Here, we use 10Be concentrations measured in individual pebbles from a localized source along a 56 km-long canyon in the Central Andes to document the distribution of long-term gravel transit rates. We show that an inverse grain-size velocity relationship previously established from short-term tracer gravel in different rivers worldwide can be extrapolated to the long-term transit rates in the Aroma River, suggesting some universality of this relationship. Gravel are also dispersed by large differences in the mean transport rates independent of gravel size, highlighting that some gravel rest at the river surface over tens of thousands of years. These different transport rates imply a strong spreading of the gravel plumes, providing direct proof for the long-term river buffering of sediment signals between mountainous sources and sedimentary basins. The inferred distribution of residence times suggests the first evidence of anomalous diffusion in gravel transport over long timespans.
Collapse
|
11
|
Koll D, Korschinek G, Faestermann T, Gómez-Guzmán JM, Kipfstuhl S, Merchel S, Welch JM. Interstellar ^{60}Fe in Antarctica. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:072701. [PMID: 31491090 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.072701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Earth is constantly bombarded with extraterrestrial dust containing invaluable information about extraterrestrial processes, such as structure formation by stellar explosions or nucleosynthesis, which could be traced back by long-lived radionuclides. Here, we report the very first detection of a recent ^{60}Fe influx onto Earth by analyzing 500 kg of snow from Antarctica by accelerator mass spectrometry. By the measurement of the cosmogenically produced radionuclide ^{53}Mn, an atomic ratio of ^{60}Fe/^{53}Mn=0.017 was found, significantly above cosmogenic production. After elimination of possible terrestrial sources, such as global fallout, the excess of ^{60}Fe could only be attributed to interstellar ^{60}Fe which might originate from the solar neighborhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Koll
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gunther Korschinek
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Universe, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Faestermann
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Universe, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J M Gómez-Guzmán
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sepp Kipfstuhl
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Silke Merchel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for beryllium-7 measurements in smallest rainwater samples. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
13
|
Cook DL, Smith T, Leya I, Hilton CD, Walker RJ, Schönbächler M. Excess 180W in IIAB iron meteorites: Identification of cosmogenic, radiogenic, and nucleosynthetic components. EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS 2018; 503:29-36. [PMID: 30846884 PMCID: PMC6398611 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The origin of 180W excesses in iron meteorites has been a recently debated topic. Here, a suite of IIAB iron meteorites was studied in order to accurately determine the contribution from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and from potential decay of 184Os to measured excesses in the minor isotope 180W. In addition to W isotopes, trace element concentrations (Re, Os, Ir, Pt, W) were determined on the same samples, as well as their cosmic ray exposure ages, using 36Cl-36Ar systematics. These data were used in combination with an improved model of GCR effects on W isotopes to correct effects resulting from neutron capture and spallation reactions. After these corrections, the residual 180W excesses correlate with Os/W ratios and indicate a clear contribution from 184Os decay. A newly derived decay constant is equivalent to a half-life for 184Os of (3.38 ± 2.13) × 1013 a. Furthermore, when the data are plotted on an Os-W isochron diagram, the intercept (ε 180Wi = 0.63 ± 0.35) reveals that the IIAB parent body was characterized by a small initial nucleosynthetic excess in 180W upon which radiogenic and GCR effects were superimposed. This is the first cogent evidence for p-process variability in W isotopes in early Solar System material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Cook
- Institut für Geochemie und Petrologie, ETH Zürich, Clausiusstrasse 25, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Smith
- Space Research and Planetology, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ingo Leya
- Space Research and Planetology, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Connor D. Hilton
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, 8000 Regents Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Richard J. Walker
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, 8000 Regents Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Maria Schönbächler
- Institut für Geochemie und Petrologie, ETH Zürich, Clausiusstrasse 25, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Feige J, Wallner A, Altmeyer R, Fifield LK, Golser R, Merchel S, Rugel G, Steier P, Tims SG, Winkler SR. Limits on Supernova-Associated ^{60}Fe/^{26}Al Nucleosynthesis Ratios from Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Measurements of Deep-Sea Sediments. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:221103. [PMID: 30547642 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.221103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We searched for the presence of ^{26}Al in deep-sea sediments as a signature of supernova influx. Our data show an exponential dependence of ^{26}Al with the sample age that is fully compatible with radioactive decay of terrigenic ^{26}Al. The same set of samples demonstrated a clear supernova ^{60}Fe signal between 1.7 and 3.2 Myr ago. Combining our ^{26}Al data with the recently reported ^{60}Fe data results in a lower limit of 0.18_{-0.08}^{+0.15} for the local interstellar ^{60}Fe/^{26}Al isotope ratio. It compares to most of the ratios deduced from nucleosynthesis models and is within the range of the observed average galactic ^{60}Fe/^{26}Al flux ratio of (0.15±0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Feige
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics-Isotope Research and Nuclear Physics, VERA Laboratory, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Wallner
- The Australian National University, Department of Nuclear Physics, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Randolf Altmeyer
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Mathematics, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Keith Fifield
- The Australian National University, Department of Nuclear Physics, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Robin Golser
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics-Isotope Research and Nuclear Physics, VERA Laboratory, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silke Merchel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Georg Rugel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Steier
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics-Isotope Research and Nuclear Physics, VERA Laboratory, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephen G Tims
- The Australian National University, Department of Nuclear Physics, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Stephan R Winkler
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics-Isotope Research and Nuclear Physics, VERA Laboratory, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- iThemba LABS-Laboratory for Accelerator Based Science, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rodrigues D, Negri AE, Balpardo C, Arazi A, Faestermann T, Fernandez Niello JO, Fimiani L, Gómez Guzmán JM, Hain K, Korschinek G, Ludwig P, Marti GV. Assessment of 53Mn deposition on Earth via accelerator mass spectrometry. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 140:342-346. [PMID: 30138816 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The 53Mn flux onto Earth is a quantity relevant for different extraterrestrial and astrophysical questions. It is a proxy for related fluxes, such as supernova-produced material or interplanetary dust particles. In this work, we performed a first attempt to assess the 53Mn flux by measuring the 53Mn/10Be isotopic ratio in a 1400 L sample of molten Antarctic snow by AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry). Using the 10Be production rate in the atmosphere, an upper limit of 5.5 × 103 atoms cm-2 yr-1 was estimated for the deposition of extraterrestrial 53Mn. This result is compatible with one of the two discrepant values existing in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darío Rodrigues
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, BKNA1650 San Martín, Argentina; CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Física, FCEyN, UBA and IFIBA, Conicet, Pabellón 1, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Agustín E Negri
- CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, B1650BWA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christian Balpardo
- Laboratorio de Metrología de Radioisótopos, Centro Atómico Ezeiza, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Pbro. González y Aragón 15, Ezeiza, B1802AYA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Arazi
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, BKNA1650 San Martín, Argentina; CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Thomas Faestermann
- Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Physik, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jorge O Fernandez Niello
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, BKNA1650 San Martín, Argentina; CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, B1650BWA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leticia Fimiani
- Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Physik, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - José Manuel Gómez Guzmán
- Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Physik, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Karin Hain
- Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Physik, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gunther Korschinek
- Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Physik, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Ludwig
- Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Physik, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Guillermo V Marti
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, BKNA1650 San Martín, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sulaymonova VA, Fuchs MC, Gloaguen R, Möckel R, Merchel S, Rudolph M, Krbetschek MR. Feldspar flotation as a quartz-purification method in cosmogenic nuclide dating: A case study of fluvial sediments from the Pamir. MethodsX 2018; 5:717-726. [PMID: 30094201 PMCID: PMC6070659 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our flotation cell is built of borosilicate glass, holds up to 90 g of sample, and achieves quartz and feldspar separation in ≤2 h. The procedure uses air bubbles to which the feldspars attach, 0.2% HF to reduce the surface energy of quartz, dodecylamine solution as a feldspar collector, and operates at a pH range of 2.4–2.7 at room temperature. We trace the stepwise enrichment of quartz by X-ray diffraction analysis, which shows that froth flotation is the decisive step to reach 95–100% purity from the initial 23–46%.
Cosmogenic nuclide (CN) dating relies on specific target minerals such as quartz as markers to identify geologic events, including the timing of landscape evolution. The presence of feldspar in sediment samples poses a challenge to the separation of quartz and affects the chemical procedures for extracting the radioactive CNs 10Be and 26Al. Additionally, feldspar contamination reduces the 26Al/27Al ratio, thus hinders the accurate determination of 26Al by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Using fluvial sediment samples from Central Asia, which contain 16–50 weight percent (wt.%) of feldspar, we show that the standard physical separation and chemical cleaning-up procedures for quartz-enrichment reduces the feldspar content to only 9–47 wt.%. We present a new froth flotation mineral-separation device and procedure that allows for very effective quartz enrichment before CN chemistry. Our flotation cell, which has a volume of 600 cm3, is built of borosilicate glass, holds up to 90 g of sample, and achieves quartz and feldspar separation in ≤2 h for very feldspar-rich samples. We trace the stepwise enrichment of quartz to 95–100% purity with our procedure by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasila A. Sulaymonova
- Geologie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
- University of Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan
- Corresponding author at: Geologie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Bernhard-von-Cotta-Str. 2, 09599, Freiberg, Germany.
| | - Margret C. Fuchs
- Applied Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Germany
| | - Richard Gloaguen
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Germany
| | - Robert Möckel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Germany
| | - Silke Merchel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Germany
| | - Martin Rudolph
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Low-cost production of a 7Be tracer from rainwater and purification: preliminary results. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
18
|
Time-resolved 2-million-year-old supernova activity discovered in Earth's microfossil record. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:9232-7. [PMID: 27503888 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive stars ([Formula: see text]), which terminate their evolution as core-collapse supernovae, are theoretically predicted to eject [Formula: see text] of the radioisotope (60)Fe (half-life 2.61 Ma). If such an event occurs sufficiently close to our solar system, traces of the supernova debris could be deposited on Earth. Herein, we report a time-resolved (60)Fe signal residing, at least partially, in a biogenic reservoir. Using accelerator mass spectrometry, this signal was found through the direct detection of live (60)Fe atoms contained within secondary iron oxides, among which are magnetofossils, the fossilized chains of magnetite crystals produced by magnetotactic bacteria. The magnetofossils were chemically extracted from two Pacific Ocean sediment drill cores. Our results show that the (60)Fe signal onset occurs around 2.6 Ma to 2.8 Ma, near the lower Pleistocene boundary, terminates around 1.7 Ma, and peaks at about 2.2 Ma.
Collapse
|
19
|
Vallverdú J, Saladié P, Rosas A, Huguet R, Cáceres I, Mosquera M, Garcia-Tabernero A, Estalrrich A, Lozano-Fernández I, Pineda-Alcalá A, Carrancho Á, Villalaín JJ, Bourlès D, Braucher R, Lebatard A, Vilalta J, Esteban-Nadal M, Bennàsar ML, Bastir M, López-Polín L, Ollé A, Vergés JM, Ros-Montoya S, Martínez-Navarro B, García A, Martinell J, Expósito I, Burjachs F, Agustí J, Carbonell E. Age and date for early arrival of the Acheulian in Europe (Barranc de la Boella, la Canonja, Spain). PLoS One 2014; 9:e103634. [PMID: 25076416 PMCID: PMC4116235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The first arrivals of hominin populations into Eurasia during the Early Pleistocene are currently considered to have occurred as short and poorly dated biological dispersions. Questions as to the tempo and mode of these early prehistoric settlements have given rise to debates concerning the taxonomic significance of the lithic assemblages, as trace fossils, and the geographical distribution of the technological traditions found in the Lower Palaeolithic record. Here, we report on the Barranc de la Boella site which has yielded a lithic assemblage dating to ∼1 million years ago that includes large cutting tools (LCT). We argue that distinct technological traditions coexisted in the Iberian archaeological repertoires of the late Early Pleistocene age in a similar way to the earliest sub-Saharan African artefact assemblages. These differences between stone tool assemblages may be attributed to the different chronologies of hominin dispersal events. The archaeological record of Barranc de la Boella completes the geographical distribution of LCT assemblages across southern Eurasia during the EMPT (Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition, circa 942 to 641 kyr). Up to now, chronology of the earliest European LCT assemblages is based on the abundant Palaeolithic record found in terrace river sequences which have been dated to the end of the EMPT and later. However, the findings at Barranc de la Boella suggest that early LCT lithic assemblages appeared in the SW of Europe during earlier hominin dispersal episodes before the definitive colonization of temperate Eurasia took place.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josep Vallverdú
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
- Unit associated to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Departamento de Paleobiología. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (J. Vallverdú); (AR)
| | - Palmira Saladié
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
- Grupo Quaternário e Pré-História do Centro de Geociências (GQP-CG), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra (UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antonio Rosas
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unit associated to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Departamento de Paleobiología. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (J. Vallverdú); (AR)
| | - Rosa Huguet
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
- Unit associated to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Departamento de Paleobiología. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cáceres
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marina Mosquera
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Tabernero
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Estalrrich
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Lozano-Fernández
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Pineda-Alcalá
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ángel Carrancho
- Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo. Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Burgos (UBU), Burgos, Spain
- Área de Prehistoria, Departamento de Ciencias Históricas y Geografía, Universidad de Burgos (UBU), Burgos, Spain
| | - Juan José Villalaín
- Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo. Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Burgos (UBU), Burgos, Spain
| | - Didier Bourlès
- Laboratoire National des Nucléides Cosmogéniques, Centre de Recherche et d’Enseignement de Géosciences de l’Environnement (CEREGE), Université Aix-Marseille (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS-UM34), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Régis Braucher
- Laboratoire National des Nucléides Cosmogéniques, Centre de Recherche et d’Enseignement de Géosciences de l’Environnement (CEREGE), Université Aix-Marseille (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS-UM34), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Anne Lebatard
- Laboratoire National des Nucléides Cosmogéniques, Centre de Recherche et d’Enseignement de Géosciences de l’Environnement (CEREGE), Université Aix-Marseille (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS-UM34), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Jaume Vilalta
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Esteban-Nadal
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Lluc Bennàsar
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marcus Bastir
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía López-Polín
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Andreu Ollé
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Vergés
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Bienvenido Martínez-Navarro
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana García
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Martinell
- Departament d’Estratigrafia, Paleontologia i Geociències Marines, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Expósito
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesc Burjachs
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Agustí
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eudald Carbonell
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain
- Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Facultat de Lletres. Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
- Visiting professor, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of Beijing (IVPP), Beijing, China
- Unit associated to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Departamento de Paleobiología. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Feige J, Wallner A, Fifield L, Korschinek G, Merchel S, Rugel G, Steier P, Winkler S, Golser R. AMS measurements of cosmogenic and supernova-ejected radionuclides in deep-sea sediment cores. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136303003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
21
|
Hampe D, Gleisberg B, Akhmadaliev S, Rugel G, Merchel S. Determination of 41Ca with LSC and AMS: method development, modifications and applications. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-2145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
22
|
Sudbrock F, Herpers U, Qaim SM, Csikai J, Kubik PW, Synal HA, Suter M. Cross sections for the formation of long-lived radionuclides10Be,26Al and36Cl in 14.6 MeV neutron induced reactions determined via accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2000.88.12.829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cross sections for the neutron induced production of the long-lived radionuclides10Be (from carbon),26Al (from aluminium) and36Cl (from potassium) were determined, and upper limits for the formation of10Be from nitrogen and oxygen were estimated. Target samples were irradiated with 14.6±0.2 MeV neutrons in Debrecen, Hungary. After radiochemical separations and preparation of suitable samples at Köln, Germany, the above mentioned long-lived radionuclides were measured via ultrasensitive accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in Zürich, Switzerland. Our cross section value for the27Al(n,2n)26Al reaction is within the range of the reported AMS data. For the other two reactions, viz.13C(n,α)10Be and39K(n,α)36Cl, our work describes the first results obtained via measurement of the product nuclides. The experimental results for all the three investigated reactions fall within the range of values obtained from semi-empirical systematics described in the literature.
Collapse
|