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Fischer H, Giacometti G. ESR studies on transient free radicals during redox polymerization of some monomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070160529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Takakura K, Rånby B. Formation and Structure of Vinyl Copolymers. I. ESR Studies of Initial Processes of Copolymerization in Aqueous Solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070220233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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3
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Doi Y, Ränby B. Electron spin resonance study of trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether in radical polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070310120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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McCaffrey VP, Forbes MDE. Chemically Induced Dynamic Electron Spin Polarization-Detected Energy Transfer. Substrate Size Effects and Solvent Dependence. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:4891-8. [PMID: 16833835 DOI: 10.1021/jp045120y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to probe energy transfer from aromatic photoexcited triplet states to azo compounds in liquid solution. The observation of chemically induced dynamic electron spin polarization in the spectra gives precise information regarding the spin physics and mechanism of the energy transfer process. The substrate size is varied by altering the chain length of alkyl chains covalently attached to the azo compounds via ester or amide linkages. The solvent dependence of the energy transfer process is also investigated. The results are discussed in terms of Dexter and Förster mechanisms for energy transfer, the properties of the excited states, and the diffusive properties of the molecules in the solvents of interest. Decomposition rate studies and fluorescence measurements are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa P McCaffrey
- Venable and Kenan Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, CB No. 3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Alluisetti GE, Almaraz AE, Amorebieta VT, Doctorovich F, Olabe JA. Metal-catalyzed anaerobic disproportionation of hydroxylamine. Role of diazene and nitroxyl intermediates in the formation of N2, N2O, NO+, and NH3. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 126:13432-42. [PMID: 15479100 DOI: 10.1021/ja046724i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic disproportionation of NH(2)OH has been studied in anaerobic aqueous solution, pH 6-9.3, at 25.0 degrees C, with Na(3)[Fe(CN)(5)NH(3)].3H(2)O as a precursor of the catalyst, [Fe(II)(CN)(5)H(2)O](3)(-). The oxidation products are N(2), N(2)O, and NO(+) (bound in the nitroprusside ion, NP), and NH(3) is the reduction product. The yields of N(2)/N(2)O increase with pH and with the concentration of NH(2)OH. Fast regime conditions involve a chain process initiated by the NH(2) radical, generated upon coordination of NH(2)OH to [Fe(II)(CN)(5)H(2)O](3)(-). NH(3) and nitroxyl, HNO, are formed in this fast process, and HNO leads to the production of N(2), N(2)O, and NP. An intermediate absorbing at 440 nm is always observed, whose formation and decay depend on the medium conditions. It was identified by UV-vis, RR, and (15)NMR spectroscopies as the diazene-bound [Fe(II)(CN)(5)N(2)H(2)](3)(-) ion and is formed in a competitive process with the radical path, still under the fast regime. At high pH's or NH(2)OH concentrations, an inhibited regime is reached, with slow production of only N(2) and NH(3). The stable red diazene-bridged [(NC)(5)FeHN=NHFe(CN)(5)](6)(-) ion is formed at an advanced degree of NH(2)OH consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela E Alluisetti
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes y R. Peña, Mar del Plata B7602AYL, Argentina
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Yurus S, Ozbey T, Korkmaz M. ESR investigation of gamma irradiated sulbactam sodium. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 35:971-8. [PMID: 15336344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2004] [Revised: 03/18/2004] [Accepted: 03/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, radiolysis of gamma irradiated sulbactam sodium (SS) was investigated through detailed ESR studies performed at low and at high temperatures on the radiolytic products induced in this drug after gamma irradiation in the dose range of 3-15 kGy. While unirradiated SS presented no ESR signal, irradiated SS exhibited an ESR spectrum with many resonance peaks. Variations of the spectrum pattern and of the intensities of resonance peaks with microwave power, applied radiation dose, storage time and temperature were followed. A radical with unpaired electron localised on the carbon atom of five membered ring directly attached to two CH(3) groups and SO(2)(-) ionic radical called as species A and B, respectively, were found to be produced after gamma radiolysis of SS. The characteristic spectral and kinetic features of these species were determined by spectrum simulation calculation and by curve fitting techniques using experimental signal intensity data as input. Although, species A was fairly unstable at room and especially at high temperatures, species B were observed to be relatively stable even at high temperatures having activation energies of E(A) (+/-4)kJ/mol and E(B) (+/-3)kJ/mol, respectively, at room temperature. Four different mathematical functions were tried to explore the dosimetric features of SS and a linear function of applied dose described best the dose-response data obtained for stable species, that is, radical B, in the dose range of 0-10 kGy. An accuracy of 4% in the dose measurements was concluded to be achievable through back-projection dose calculations if SS were used as a dosimetric material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Yurus
- Physics Engineering Department, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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Takakura K, Rånby B. ESR studies of vinyl polymerization. II. Initial reactions of vinyl esters with redox systems in aqueous media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.1970.150080108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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ESR study of radical polymerization of styrene 7. Hyperfine structures of ESR spectra of propagating radicals from substituted styrenes. POLYMER 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Liu QQ, Kodaira T, Urushisaki M, Hashimoto T. Cyclopolymerization XXIII. Design of Unconjugated Dienes with High Polymerizability Using Functional Groups with No Homopolymerization Tendency and Synthesis of Completely Cyclized Polymers Therefrom: Radical Polymerizations of N-Substituted N-Allyl-2-(methoxycarbonyl)allylamines. Polym J 1996. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.28.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Giese B. Conformational Structure of Methacrylate Radicals as Studied by Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy: From Small Molecule Radicals to Polymer Radicals. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9518666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akikazu Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Giese
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Farnia G, Sansona' G, Vianello E. Homogeneous electrocatalysis. Reactivity of short-lived free radicals towards organic substrates. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(80)80473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Farnia G, Sandoná G, Vianello E. Homogeneous electrocatalysis. Addition of electrogenerated NH2• radicals to maleic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(78)80349-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Beckwith ALJ, Ong AK, Solomon DH. Cyclopolymerization. III. Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Diallylamines with Redox Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337508068651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Hawthorne DG, Solomon DH. Cyclopolymerization. IV. Low Molecular Weight Products for the Reactions of Allylamines and Diallylamines with Azobisisobutyronitrile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337508068652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Beckwith ALJ, Ong AK, Solomon DH. Cyclopolymerization. II. Electron Spin Resonance Studies of the Free-Radical Reactions of Some Diolefins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337508068650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Izumi Z, Rånby B. ESR Studies of Copolymerization of Water-Soluble Monomers with Acrylonitrile. Polym J 1973. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.5.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Singh BB, Nicolau C. Short-lived free radicals in aqueous solutions of biomolecules. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1971; 23:21-65. [PMID: 4946432 DOI: 10.1016/0079-6107(71)90016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Brustolon M, Corvaja C, Giacometti G. Theoretical study of the variations in the ?-protons hyperfine splitting parameter of hydrocarbon radicals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00527237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Müller J, Connor JA. Massenspektroskopische Untersuchungen an Pentacarbonylchromcarben-Komplexen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1969. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19691020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nicolau C, McMillan M, Norman RO. An ESR study of short-lived radicals derived from pyrimidines in aqueous solution. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 174:413-22. [PMID: 4304807 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90272-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Fischer H. Freie Radikale während der Polymerisation, nachgewiesen und identifiziert durch Elektronenspinresonanz. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 1968. [DOI: 10.1007/bfb0051117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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26
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Electron-Spin Resonance Studies of Short-Lived Organic Radicals. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY VOLUME 5 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3160(08)60309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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27
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Corvaja C. Restricted Motion of β Protons of the HOOC–CH2–CH–COOH Radical Trapped in Urea Crystals. J Chem Phys 1966. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1726968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ormerod MG, Singh BB. Reaction of OH radicals with nucleic acid bases--an E.S.R. study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1966; 10:533-8. [PMID: 4289421 DOI: 10.1080/09553006614550631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zur BildungshÄufigkeit isotaktischer und syndiotaktischer Verknüpfungen bei der radikalischen Polymerisation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1965. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01500228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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