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Huynh MT, Buchanan E, Chirayil S, Adebesin AM, Kovacs Z. StereoPHIP: Stereoselective Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311669. [PMID: 37714818 PMCID: PMC10842948 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) followed by polarization transfer to 13 C is a rapidly developing technique for the generation of 13 C-hyperpolarized substrates. Chirality plays an essential role in living systems and differential metabolism of enantiomeric pairs of metabolic substrates is well documented. Inspired by asymmetric hydrogenation, here we report stereoPHIP, which involves the addition of parahydrogen to a prochiral substrate with a chiral catalyst followed by polarization transfer to 13 C spins. We demonstrate that parahydrogen could be rapidly added to the prochiral precursor to both enantiomers of lactic acid (D and L), with both the (R,R) and (S,S) enantiomers of a chiral rhodium(I) catalyst to afford highly 13 C-hyperpolarized (over 20 %) L- and D-lactate ester derivatives, respectively, with excellent stereoselectivity. We also show that the hyperpolarized 1 H signal decays obtained with the (R,R) and (S,S) catalysts were markedly different. StereoPHIP expands the scope of conventional PHIP to the production of 13 C hyperpolarized chiral substrates with high stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai T Huynh
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Emily Buchanan
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sara Chirayil
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Adeniyi M Adebesin
- Department Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zoltan Kovacs
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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2
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Lins J, Miloslavina YA, Carrara SC, Rösler L, Hofmann S, Herr K, Theiß F, Wienands L, Avrutina O, Kolmar H, Buntkowsky G. Parahydrogen-induced polarization allows 2000-fold signal enhancement in biologically active derivatives of the peptide-based drug octreotide. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6388. [PMID: 37076553 PMCID: PMC10115808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, has shown its efficacy for the diagnostics and treatment of various types of cancer, i.e., in octreotide scan, as radio-marker after labelling with a radiopharmaceutical. To avoid toxicity of radio-labeling, octreotide-based assays can be implemented into magnetic resonance techniques, such as MRI and NMR. Here we used a Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization (PHIP) approach as a cheap, fast and straightforward method. Introduction of L-propargyl tyrosine as a PHIP marker at different positions of octreotide by manual Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) led to up to 2000-fold proton signal enhancement (SE). Cell binding studies confirmed that all octreotide variants retained strong binding affinity to the surface of human-derived cancer cells expressing somatostatin receptor 2. The hydrogenation reactions were successfully performed in methanol and under physiologically compatible mixtures of water with methanol or ethanol. The presented results open up new application areas of biochemical and pharmacological studies with octreotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lins
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yuliya A Miloslavina
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefania C Carrara
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lorenz Rösler
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sarah Hofmann
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kevin Herr
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franziska Theiß
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Laura Wienands
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Olga Avrutina
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
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3
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Buntkowsky G, Theiss F, Lins J, Miloslavina YA, Wienands L, Kiryutin A, Yurkovskaya A. Recent advances in the application of parahydrogen in catalysis and biochemistry. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12477-12506. [PMID: 35480380 PMCID: PMC9039419 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01346k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are analytical and diagnostic tools that are essential for a very broad field of applications, ranging from chemical analytics, to non-destructive testing of materials and the investigation of molecular dynamics, to in vivo medical diagnostics and drug research. One of the major challenges in their application to many problems is the inherent low sensitivity of magnetic resonance, which results from the small energy-differences of the nuclear spin-states. At thermal equilibrium at room temperature the normalized population difference of the spin-states, called the Boltzmann polarization, is only on the order of 10-5. Parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) is an efficient and cost-effective hyperpolarization method, which has widespread applications in Chemistry, Physics, Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Medical Imaging. PHIP creates its signal-enhancements by means of a reversible (SABRE) or irreversible (classic PHIP) chemical reaction between the parahydrogen, a catalyst, and a substrate. Here, we first give a short overview about parahydrogen-based hyperpolarization techniques and then review the current literature on method developments and applications of various flavors of the PHIP experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Franziska Theiss
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Jonas Lins
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Yuliya A Miloslavina
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Laura Wienands
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Alexey Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Alexandra Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
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4
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Rodin BA, Kozinenko VP, Kiryutin AS, Yurkovskaya AV, Eills J, Ivanov KL. Constant-adiabaticity pulse schemes for manipulating singlet order in 3-spin systems with weak magnetic non-equivalence. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 327:106978. [PMID: 33957556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2021.106978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is a source of nuclear spin hyperpolarization, and this technique allows for the preparation of biomolecules for in vivo metabolic imaging. PHIP delivers hyperpolarization in the form of proton singlet order to a molecule, but most applications require that a heteronuclear (e.g. 13C or 15N) spin in the molecule is hyperpolarized. Here we present high field pulse methods to manipulate proton singlet order in the [1-13C]fumarate, and in particular to transfer the proton singlet order into 13C magnetization. We exploit adiabatic pulses, i.e., pulses with slowly ramped amplitude, and use constant-adiabaticity variants: the spin Hamiltonian is varied in such a way that the generalized adiabaticity parameter is time-independent. This allows for faster polarization transfer, and we achieve 96.2% transfer efficiency in thermal equilibrium experiments. We demonstrate this in experiments using hyperpolarization, and obtain 6.8% 13C polarization. This work paves the way for efficient hyperpolarization of nuclear spins in a variety of biomolecules, since the high-field pulse sequences allow individual spins to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan A Rodin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Vitaly P Kozinenko
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexey S Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - James Eills
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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5
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Dagys L, Jagtap AP, Korchak S, Mamone S, Saul P, Levitt MH, Glöggler S. Nuclear hyperpolarization of (1- 13C)-pyruvate in aqueous solution by proton-relayed side-arm hydrogenation. Analyst 2021; 146:1772-1778. [PMID: 33475626 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02389b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We employ Parahydrogen Induced Polarization with Side-Arm Hydrogenation (PHIP-SAH) to polarize (1-13C)-pyruvate. We introduce a new method called proton-relayed side-arm hydrogenation (PR-SAH) in which an intermediate proton is used to transfer polarization from the side-arm to the 13C-labelled site of the pyruvate before hydrolysis. This significantly reduces the cost and effort needed to prepare the precursor for radio-frequency transfer experiments while still maintaining acceptable polarization transfer efficiency. Experimentally we have attained on average 4.33% 13C polarization in an aqueous solution of (1-13C)-pyruvate after about 10 seconds of cleavage and extraction. PR-SAH is a promising pulsed NMR method for hyperpolarizing 13C-labelled metabolites in solution, conducted entirely in high magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurynas Dagys
- School of chemistry, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO171BJ, UK.
| | - Anil P Jagtap
- Max Planck Inst. Biophys. Chem., NMR Signal Enhancement Grp., Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sergey Korchak
- Max Planck Inst. Biophys. Chem., NMR Signal Enhancement Grp., Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Salvatore Mamone
- Max Planck Inst. Biophys. Chem., NMR Signal Enhancement Grp., Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philip Saul
- Max Planck Inst. Biophys. Chem., NMR Signal Enhancement Grp., Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Malcolm H Levitt
- School of chemistry, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO171BJ, UK.
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck Inst. Biophys. Chem., NMR Signal Enhancement Grp., Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Kozinenko VP, Kiryutin AS, Knecht S, Buntkowsky G, Vieth HM, Yurkovskaya AV, Ivanov KL. Spin dynamics in experiments on orthodeuterium induced polarization (ODIP). J Chem Phys 2020; 153:114202. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0022042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly P. Kozinenko
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexey S. Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Stephan Knecht
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Alexandra V. Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L. Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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7
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Buckenmaier K, Rudolph M, Fehling P, Steffen T, Back C, Bernard R, Pohmann R, Bernarding J, Kleiner R, Koelle D, Plaumann M, Scheffler K. Mutual benefit achieved by combining ultralow-field magnetic resonance and hyperpolarizing techniques. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:125103. [PMID: 30599552 DOI: 10.1063/1.5043369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultralow-field (ULF) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are promising spectroscopy and imaging methods allowing for, e.g., the simultaneous detection of multiple nuclei or imaging in the vicinity of metals. To overcome the inherently low signal-to-noise ratio that usually hampers a wider application, we present an alternative approach to prepolarized ULF MRS employing hyperpolarization techniques like signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) or Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization (ODNP). Both techniques allow continuous hyperpolarization of 1H as well as other MR-active nuclei. For the implementation, a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based ULF MRS/MRI detection scheme was constructed. Due to the very low intrinsic noise level, SQUIDs are superior to conventional Faraday detection coils at ULFs. Additionally, the broadband characteristics of SQUIDs enable them to simultaneously detect the MR signal of different nuclei such as 13C, 19F, or 1H. Since SQUIDs detect the MR signal directly, they are an ideal tool for a quantitative investigation of hyperpolarization techniques such as SABRE or ODNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Paul Fehling
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Theodor Steffen
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Back
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rebekka Bernard
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Pohmann
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Bernarding
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kleiner
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Koelle
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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8
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Zhukov IV, Kiryutin AS, Yurkovskaya AV, Grishin YA, Vieth HM, Ivanov KL. Field-cycling NMR experiments in an ultra-wide magnetic field range: relaxation and coherent polarization transfer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:12396-12405. [PMID: 29623979 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08529j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An experimental method is described allowing fast field-cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments over a wide range of magnetic fields from 5 nT to 10 T. The method makes use of a hybrid technique: the high field range is covered by positioning the sample in the inhomogeneous stray field of the NMR spectrometer magnet. For fields below 2 mT a magnetic shield is mounted on top of the spectrometer; inside the shield the magnetic field is controlled by a specially designed coil system. This combination allows us to measure T1-relaxation times and nuclear Overhauser effect parameters over the full range in a routine way. For coupled proton-carbon spin systems relaxation with a common T1 is found at low fields, where the spins are "strongly coupled". In some cases, experiments at ultralow fields provide access to heteronuclear long-lived spin states. Efficient coherent polarization transfer is seen for proton-carbon spin systems at ultralow fields as follows from the observation of quantum oscillations in the polarization evolution. Applications to analysis and the manipulation of heteronuclear spin systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Zhukov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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9
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Buckenmaier K, Rudolph M, Back C, Misztal T, Bommerich U, Fehling P, Koelle D, Kleiner R, Mayer HA, Scheffler K, Bernarding J, Plaumann M. SQUID-based detection of ultra-low-field multinuclear NMR of substances hyperpolarized using signal amplification by reversible exchange. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13431. [PMID: 29044168 PMCID: PMC5647402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-low-field (ULF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a promising spectroscopy method allowing for, e.g., the simultaneous detection of multiple nuclei. To overcome the low signal-to-noise ratio that usually hampers a wider application, we present here an alternative approach to ULF NMR, which makes use of the hyperpolarizing technique signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE). In contrast to standard parahydrogen hyperpolarization, SABRE can continuously hyperpolarize 1 H as well as other MR-active nuclei. For simultaneous measurements of 1 H and 19 F under SABRE conditions a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based NMR detection unit was adapted. We successfully hyperpolarized fluorinated pyridine derivatives with an up to 2000-fold signal enhancement in 19 F. The detected signals may be explained by two alternative reaction mechanisms. SABRE combined with simultaneous SQUID-based broadband multinuclear detection may enable the quantitative analysis of multinuclear processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - M Rudolph
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Back
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - T Misztal
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - U Bommerich
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - P Fehling
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Koelle
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Kleiner
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H A Mayer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Scheffler
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Bernarding
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Plaumann
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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10
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Reile I, Aspers RLEG, Tyburn JM, Kempf JG, Feiters MC, Rutjes FPJT, Tessari M. DOSY Analysis of Micromolar Analytes: Resolving Dilute Mixtures by SABRE Hyperpolarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrek Reile
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ruud L. E. G. Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martin C. Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
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11
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Reile I, Aspers RLEG, Tyburn JM, Kempf JG, Feiters MC, Rutjes FPJT, Tessari M. DOSY Analysis of Micromolar Analytes: Resolving Dilute Mixtures by SABRE Hyperpolarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9174-9177. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrek Reile
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ruud L. E. G. Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martin C. Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
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12
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Kiryutin AS, Pravdivtsev AN, Ivanov KL, Grishin YA, Vieth HM, Yurkovskaya AV. A fast field-cycling device for high-resolution NMR: Design and application to spin relaxation and hyperpolarization experiments. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 263:79-91. [PMID: 26773525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A device for performing fast magnetic field-cycling NMR experiments is described. A key feature of this setup is that it combines fast switching of the external magnetic field and high-resolution NMR detection. The field-cycling method is based on precise mechanical positioning of the NMR probe with the mounted sample in the inhomogeneous fringe field of the spectrometer magnet. The device enables field variation over several decades (from 100μT up to 7T) within less than 0.3s; progress in NMR probe design provides NMR linewidths of about 10(-3)ppm. The experimental method is very versatile and enables site-specific studies of spin relaxation (NMRD, LLSs) and spin hyperpolarization (DNP, CIDNP, and SABRE) at variable magnetic field and at variable temperature. Experimental examples of such studies are demonstrated; advantages of the experimental method are described and existing challenges in the field are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yuri A Grishin
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Pravdivtsev AN, Ivanov KL, Yurkovskaya AV, Vieth HM, Sagdeev RZ. New pulse sequence for robust filtering of hyperpolarized multiplet spin order. DOKLADY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012501615110044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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14
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Pravdivtsev AN, Ivanov KL, Yurkovskaya AV, Petrov PA, Limbach HH, Kaptein R, Vieth HM. Spin polarization transfer mechanisms of SABRE: A magnetic field dependent study. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 261:73-82. [PMID: 26529205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the magnetic field dependence of Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) arising from binding of para-hydrogen (p-H2) and a substrate to a suitable transition metal complex. The magnetic field dependence of the amplification of the (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals of the released substrates and dihydrogen, and the transient transition metal dihydride species shows characteristic patterns, which is explained using the theory presented here. The generation of SABRE is most efficient at low magnetic fields due to coherent spin mixing at nuclear spin Level Anti-Crossings (LACs) in the SABRE complexes. We studied two Ir-complexes and have shown that the presence of a (31)P atom in the SABRE complex doubles the number of LACs and, consequently, the number of peaks in the SABRE field dependence. Interestingly, the polarization of SABRE substrates is always accompanied by the para-to-ortho conversion in dihydride species that results in enhancement of the NMR signal of free (H2) and catalyst-bound H2 (Ir-HH). The field dependences of hyperpolarized H2 and Ir-HH by means of SABRE are studied here, for the first time, in detail. The field dependences depend on the chemical shifts and coupling constants of Ir-HH, in which the polarization transfer takes place. A negative coupling constant of -7Hz between the two chemically equivalent but magnetically inequivalent hydride nuclei is determined, which indicates that Ir-HH is a dihydride with an HH distance larger than 2Å. Finally, the field dependence of SABRE at high fields as found earlier has been investigated and attributed to polarization transfer to the substrate by cross-relaxation. The present study provides further evidence for the key role of LACs in the formation of SABRE-derived polarization. Understanding the spin dynamics behind the SABRE method opens the way to optimizing its performance and overcoming the main limitation of NMR, its notoriously low sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel A Petrov
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Hans-Heinrich Limbach
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Robert Kaptein
- Utrecht University, Bijvoet Center, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, Berlin 14195, Germany
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Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Ivanov KL, Vieth HM. Importance of polarization transfer in reaction products for interpreting and analyzing CIDNP at low magnetic fields. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 254:35-47. [PMID: 25797825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic field dependence of Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (CIDNP) was studied for the amino acids N-acetyl histidine, N-acetyl tryptophan and N-acetyl tyrosine. It is demonstrated that at low field CIDNP is strongly affected by polarization redistribution in the diamagnetic molecules. Such a polarization transfer is of coherent nature and is due to spin coherences formed together with non-equilibrium population of the spin states. These coherences clearly manifest themselves in an oscillatory time dependence of polarization. Polarization transfer effects are most pronounced at nuclear spin Level Anti-Crossings (LACs), which also result in sharp features in the CIDNP field dependence. Thus, polarization transfer is an important factor, which has to be taken into account in order to interpret low-field CIDNP data on both qualitative and quantitative level. Possible applications of polarization transfer phenomena are also discussed in the paper. In particular, the role of LACs in spin order transfer is highlighted: LACs provide a new tool for precise manipulation of spin hyperpolarization and NMR enhancement of selected target spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Theis T, Truong M, Coffey AM, Shchepin R, Waddell KW, Shi F, Goodson BM, Warren WS, Chekmenev EY. Microtesla SABRE enables 10% nitrogen-15 nuclear spin polarization. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1404-7. [PMID: 25583142 PMCID: PMC4333583 DOI: 10.1021/ja512242d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Parahydrogen is demonstrated to efficiently transfer its nuclear spin hyperpolarization to nitrogen-15 in pyridine and nicotinamide (vitamin B(3) amide) by conducting "signal amplification by reversible exchange" (SABRE) at microtesla fields within a magnetic shield. Following transfer of the sample from the magnetic shield chamber to a conventional NMR spectrometer, the (15)N NMR signals for these molecules are enhanced by ∼30,000- and ∼20,000-fold at 9.4 T, corresponding to ∼10% and ∼7% nuclear spin polarization, respectively. This method, dubbed "SABRE in shield enables alignment transfer to heteronuclei" or "SABRE-SHEATH", promises to be a simple, cost-effective way to hyperpolarize heteronuclei. It may be particularly useful for in vivo applications because of longer hyperpolarization lifetimes, lack of background signal, and facile chemical-shift discrimination of different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theis
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Milton
L. Truong
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Roman
V. Shchepin
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kevin W. Waddell
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Fan Shi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern
Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern
Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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17
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Ivanov KL, Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Vieth HM, Kaptein R. The role of level anti-crossings in nuclear spin hyperpolarization. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 81:1-36. [PMID: 25142733 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear spin hyperpolarization is an important resource for increasing the sensitivity of NMR spectroscopy and MRI. Signal enhancements can be as large as 3-4 orders of magnitude. In hyperpolarization experiments, it is often desirable to transfer the initial polarization to other nuclei of choice, either protons or insensitive nuclei such as (13)C and (15)N. This situation arises primarily in Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (CIDNP), Para-Hydrogen Induced Polarization (PHIP), and the related Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE). Here we review the recent literature on polarization transfer mechanisms, in particular focusing on the role of Level Anti-Crossings (LACs) therein. So-called "spontaneous" polarization transfer may occur both at low and high magnetic fields. In addition, transfer of spin polarization can be accomplished by using especially designed pulse sequences. It is now clear that at low field spontaneous polarization transfer is primarily due to coherent spin-state mixing under strong coupling conditions. However, thus far the important role of LACs in this process has not received much attention. At high magnetic field, polarization may be transferred by cross-relaxation effects. Another promising high-field technique is to generate the strong coupling condition by spin locking using strong radio-frequency fields. Here, an analysis of polarization transfer in terms of LACs in the rotating frame is very useful to predict which spin orders are transferred depending on the strength and frequency of the B1 field. Finally, we will examine the role of strong coupling and LACs in magnetic-field dependent nuclear spin relaxation and the related topic of long-lived spin-states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Arnimallee 14, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Robert Kaptein
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Lukzen NN, Vieth HM, Ivanov KL. Exploiting level anti-crossings (LACs) in the rotating frame for transferring spin hyperpolarization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:18707-19. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method of transferring hyperpolarization among scalar-coupled nuclear spins is proposed, which is based on spin mixing at energy level anti-crossing (LAC) regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
- Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexandra V. Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
- Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikita N. Lukzen
- International Tomography Center
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
- Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- Institut für Experimentalphysik
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin L. Ivanov
- International Tomography Center
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
- Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk, Russia
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Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Vieth HM, Ivanov KL. Coherent transfer of nuclear spin polarization in field-cycling NMR experiments. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:244201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4848699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Vieth H, Ivanov KL, Kaptein R. Level Anti‐Crossings are a Key Factor for Understanding
para
‐Hydrogen‐Induced Hyperpolarization in SABRE Experiments. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3327-31. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia), Fax: (+7) (383)333‐1399
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Alexandra V. Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia), Fax: (+7) (383)333‐1399
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | | | - Konstantin L. Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia), Fax: (+7) (383)333‐1399
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Robert Kaptein
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Utrecht University, Bijvoet Center, Padualaan 8, NL‐3584 CH, Utrecht (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) (30)2537623
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Kiryutin AS, Yurkovskaya AV, Kaptein R, Vieth HM, Ivanov KL. Evidence for Coherent Transfer of para-Hydrogen-Induced Polarization at Low Magnetic Fields. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:2514-2519. [PMID: 26704425 DOI: 10.1021/jz401210m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the mechanism of para-hydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) transfer from the original strongly aligned protons to other nuclei at low external magnetic fields. Although it is known that PHIP is efficiently transferred at low fields, the nature of the transfer mechanism, that is, coherent spin mixing or cross-relaxation, is not well established. Polarization transfer kinetics for individual protons of styrene was, for the first time, measured and modeled theoretically. Pronounced oscillations were observed indicating a coherent transfer mechanism. Spin coherences were excited by passing through an avoided level crossing of the nuclear spin energy levels. Transfer at avoided level crossings is selective with respect to spin order. Our work provides evidence that the coherent PHIP transfer mechanism is dominant at low magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS , Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center SB RAS , Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Robert Kaptein
- Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Utrecht University , NL-3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS , Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Nasibulov EA, Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Lukzen NN, Vieth HM, Ivanov KL. Analysis of Nutation Patterns in Fourier-Transform NMR of Non-Thermally Polarized Multispin Systems. Z PHYS CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.2013.0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The complex spin order of hyperpolarized multispin systems giving rise to anomalous NMR spectral patterns that vary with the RF excitation angle is analyzed by decomposing its nutation behavior in a superposition of Fourier harmonics. The product operator formalism is applied to calculating the spectral contributions of the various mutual alignments of scalar coupled spins. Two cases are treated, namely systems exhibiting only differences in population of their spin states and systems showing in addition zero-quantum coherences between states, a situation often seen at hyperpolarization. After deriving the general solution a number of representative examples are discussed in detail. The theoretical treatment is applied to analyzing the spin order observed in a hyperpolarized two-spin system that is prepared in the singlet state by para-hydrogen induced polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor A. Nasibulov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russische Föderation
| | | | | | - Nikita N. Lukzen
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russische Föderation
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Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Kaptein R, Miesel K, Vieth HM, Ivanov KL. Exploiting level anti-crossings for efficient and selective transfer of hyperpolarization in coupled nuclear spin systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:14660-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Kiryutin AS, Ivanov KL, Yurkovskaya AV, Vieth HM, Lukzen NN. Manipulating spin hyper-polarization by means of adiabatic switching of a spin-locking RF-field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:14248-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52061g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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