1
|
Wang Q, Gong M, Liu R, Mo J, Bai R, An R, Wang X, Han L, Wang Z, Ma Q, Wu Z, Zhou C. Huaier enhances the tumor-killing effect and reverses gemcitabine-induced stemness by suppressing FoxM1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155656. [PMID: 38723529 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gemcitabine is the first-line chemotherapy drug that can easily cause chemotherapy resistance. Huaier is a traditional Chinese medicine and shows an antitumor effect in pancreatic cancer, but whether it can enhance the gemcitabine chemotherapeutic response and the potential mechanism remain unknown. PURPOSE This study was performed to explore the effect of Huaier in promoting the tumor-killing effect of gemcitabine and elucidate the possible mechanism in pancreatic cancer. METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and colony formation assays were used to detect proliferation after different treatments. Protein coimmunoprecipitation was applied to demonstrate protein interactions. Nuclear protein extraction and immunofluorescence were used to confirm the intracellular localization of the proteins. Western blotting was performed to detect cell proliferation-related protein expression or cancer stem cell-associated protein expression. Sphere formation assays and flow cytometry were used to assess the stemness of pancreatic cancer cells. The in vivo xenograft model was used to confirm the inhibitory effect under physiological conditions, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect protein expression. RESULTS Huaier suppressed the proliferation and stem cell-like properties of pancreatic cancer cells. We found that Huaier suppressed the expression of forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1). In addition, Huaier inhibited FoxM1 function by blocking its nuclear translocation. Treatment with Huaier reversed the stemness induced by gemcitabine in a FoxM1-dependent manner. Furthermore, we verified the above results by an in vivo study, which reached the same conclusion as those in vitro. CONCLUSION Overall, this study illustrates that Huaier augments the tumor-killing effect of gemcitabine through suppressing the stemness induced by gemcitabine in a FoxM1-dependent way. These results indicate that Huaier can be applied to overcome gemcitabine resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Rujuan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jiantao Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ruiping Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Rui An
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xueni Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Cancan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miao D, Ren J, Jia Y, Jia Y, Li Y, Huang H, Gao R. PAX1 represses canonical Wnt signaling pathway and plays dual roles during endoderm differentiation. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:242. [PMID: 38664733 PMCID: PMC11046865 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paired box 1 (PAX1) is a transcription factor and essential for the development of pharyngeal pouches-derived tissues, including thymus. PAX1 mutations are identified in Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) patients with Otofaciocervical Syndrome Type 2 (OTFCS2). However, despite the critical roles of PAX1 in embryonic development and diseases, detailed insights into its molecular mode of action are critically missing. METHODS The repressing roles of PAX1 and SCID associated mutants on Wnt signaling pathway were investigated by luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization in HEK293FT, HCT116 cells and zebrafish embryos, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and western blotting assays were carried out to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying PAX1's role on Wnt signaling pathway. hESC based endoderm differentiation, flow cytometry, high-throughput sequencing data analysis, and qRT-PCR assays were utilized to determine the roles of PAX1 during endoderm differentiation. RESULTS Here, we show that PAX1 represses canonical Wnt signaling pathway in vertebrate cells. Mechanically, PAX1 competes with SUMO E3 ligase PIASy to bind to TCF7L2, thus perturbing TCF7L2 SUMOylation level, further reducing its transcriptional activity and protein stability. Moreover, we reveal that PAX1 plays dual roles in hESC-derived definitive and foregut/pharyngeal endoderm cells, which give rise to the thymus epithelium, by inhibiting Wnt signaling. Importantly, our data show PAX1 mutations found in SCID patients significantly compromise the suppressing ability of PAX1 on Wnt signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our study presents a novel molecular mode of action of PAX1 in regulation of canonical Wnt signaling and endoderm differentiation, thus providing insights for the molecular basis of PAX1 associated SCID, offering better understanding of the behavior of PAX1 in embryogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danxiu Miao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yanhan Jia
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yihui Jia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yanshu Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
- College of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Huizhe Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kina S, Miyamoto S, Kawabata-Iwakawa R, Kina-Tanada M, Ogawa M, Yokoo S. Higher overall survival rates of oral squamous cell carcinoma treated with metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1033-1051. [PMID: 38590400 PMCID: PMC10998753 DOI: 10.62347/eynt8387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Distant metastasis is an important prognostic factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It involves the direct spread of tumor cells through blood vessels or via lymph nodes; however, there are currently no well-established treatments for its prevention in patients with OSCC. To investigate the impact of metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy on OSCC, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 alone. Fifty-four patients underwent up-front surgery, while 106 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 alone. A serious adverse event occurred in one of patient treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (1%); however, all patients underwent resection. The 5-year overall survival rate was higher with S-1 than with up-front surgery (96% vs. 81%, P = 0.002). Moreover, neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly increased the overall survival rate of patients with poorly or moderately differentiated tumors, but not those with well-differentiated tumors. By analyzing a cohort of 523 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas, we identified genetic variants associated with histological differentiation. The frequency of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants or deletions in 5 genes associated with HNSCC correlated with histological differentiation, some of which indicated the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in well-differentiated HNSCC. The vessel marker CD31 was highly expressed in poorly differentiated OSCC, whereas the anti-angiogenic molecule, LCN2, which is induced by the activation of the Wnt pathway, was highly expressed in well-differentiated OSCC. The present study showed that overall survival rates were higher in patients with poorly or moderately differentiated OSCC who received metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which was attributed to a difference in angiogenesis based on the characteristic landscape of pathogenic mutations according to histological differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Kina
- Department of Medical Education and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Sho Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of MedicineSouth-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mika Kina-Tanada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masaru Ogawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao ST, Xin X, Wang ZY, Hu YY, Feng Q. USP5: Comprehensive insights into structure, function, biological and disease-related implications, and emerging therapeutic opportunities. Mol Cell Probes 2024; 73:101944. [PMID: 38049041 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific protease 5 (USP5) is a vital deubiquitinating enzyme that regulates various physiological functions by removing ubiquitin chains from target proteins. This review provides an overview of the structural and functional characteristics of USP5. Additionally, we discuss the role of USP5 in regulating diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA double-strand damage, methylation, heat stress, and protein quality control, by targeting different substrates. Furthermore, we describe the involvement of USP5 in several pathological conditions such as tumors, pathological pain, developmental abnormalities, inflammatory diseases, and virus infection. Finally, we introduce newly developed inhibitors of USP5. In conclusion, investigating the novel functions and substrates of USP5, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of USP5-substrate interactions, intensifying the development of inhibitors, and exploring the upstream regulatory mechanisms of USP5 in detail can provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, which is a promising research direction with considerable potential. Overall, USP5 plays a critical role in regulating various physiological and pathological processes, and investigating its novel functions and regulatory mechanisms may have significant implications for the development of therapeutic strategies for cancer and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ting Gao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo-Yuan Wang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Yang Hu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Central Laboratory, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao B, Li M, Su Y, Shan S, Qian W, Zhu D, Liu X, Zhang Z. Role of transcription factor FOXM1 in diabetes and its complications (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:101. [PMID: 37681487 PMCID: PMC10542959 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease commonly associated with complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and neuropathy, the incidence of which is increasing yearly. Transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) serves an important role in development of diabetes and its complications. The present study aimed to review the association between FOXM1 with pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. FOXM1 may be involved in development and progression of diabetes and its complications by regulating cell biological processes such as cell cycle, DNA damage repair, cell differentiation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. FOXM1 is involved in regulation of insulin secretion and insulin resistance, and FOXM1 affects insulin secretion by regulating expression of insulin‑related genes and signaling pathways; FOXM1 is involved in the inflammatory response in diabetes, and FOXM1 can regulate key genes associated with inflammatory response and immune cells, which in turn affects occurrence and development of the inflammatory response; finally, FOXM1 is involved in the regulation of diabetic complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and neuropathy. In summary, the transcription factor FOXM1 serves an important role in development of diabetes and its complications. Future studies should explore the mechanism of FOXM1 in diabetes and find new targets of FOXM1 as a potential treatment for diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Mengxi Li
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000,
P.R. China
| | - Shigang Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000,
P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000,
P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Xiufen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brown M, Leon A, Kedzierska K, Moore C, Belnoue‐Davis HL, Flach S, Lydon JP, DeMayo FJ, Lewis A, Bosse T, Tomlinson I, Church DN. Functional analysis reveals driver cooperativity and novel mechanisms in endometrial carcinogenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17094. [PMID: 37589076 PMCID: PMC10565641 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202217094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk endometrial cancer has poor prognosis and is increasing in incidence. However, understanding of the molecular mechanisms which drive this disease is limited. We used genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) to determine the functional consequences of missense and loss of function mutations in Fbxw7, Pten and Tp53, which collectively occur in nearly 90% of high-risk endometrial cancers. We show that Trp53 deletion and missense mutation cause different phenotypes, with the latter a substantially stronger driver of endometrial carcinogenesis. We also show that Fbxw7 missense mutation does not cause endometrial neoplasia on its own, but potently accelerates carcinogenesis caused by Pten loss or Trp53 missense mutation. By transcriptomic analysis, we identify LEF1 signalling as upregulated in Fbxw7/FBXW7-mutant mouse and human endometrial cancers, and in human isogenic cell lines carrying FBXW7 mutation, and validate LEF1 and the additional Wnt pathway effector TCF7L2 as novel FBXW7 substrates. Our study provides new insights into the biology of high-risk endometrial cancer and suggests that targeting LEF1 may be worthy of investigation in this treatment-resistant cancer subgroup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Brown
- Cancer Genomics and Immunology Group, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Alicia Leon
- Department of PathologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Kedzierska
- Cancer Genomics and Immunology Group, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Charlotte Moore
- Cancer Genomics and Immunology Group, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Hayley L Belnoue‐Davis
- Gastrointestinal Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Susanne Flach
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryLMU KlinikumMunichGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner SiteMunichGermany
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology LaboratoryNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA
| | - Annabelle Lewis
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life SciencesBrunel University LondonUxbridgeUK
| | - Tjalling Bosse
- Department of PathologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Institute of Genetics and CancerThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - David N Church
- Cancer Genomics and Immunology Group, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill HospitalOxford University Hospitals Foundation NHS TrustOxfordUK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheng Q, Xu L. FABP5 inhibitor SBFI-26 regulates FOXM1 expression and Wnt signaling pathway in ovarian granulosa cell of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Prev Med 2023; 174:107634. [PMID: 37473924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy among females of reproductive age. Due to its unclear etiopathogenesis, it is of vital significance to take a deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot were applied for detection of gene expression and protein expression individually. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were used for the evaluation of cell proliferation while Caspase-3/9 activity was measured for the assessment of cell apoptosis. We found that FOXM1 was overexpressed in ovarian granulosa cell (OGC) of patients with PCOS. Functionally, upregulation of FOXM1 promotes the proliferative ability of PCOS-OGC cells. As for mechanism, FOXM1 exerts its functions in PCOS-OGC cell through activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. More importantly, a novel FABP5 inhibitor, SBFI-26, was verified to downregulate the expression of FOXM1 to impede the proliferation of PCOS-OGC cells. In addition, SBFI-26 inactivates Wnt signaling pathway in PCOS-OGC cells. FABP5 inhibitor SBFI-26 regulates FOXM1 expression and Wnt signaling pathway in OGC of patients with PCOS, which might provide a new perspective into PCOS treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qunxian Cheng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu K, Gao Q, Jia Y, Wei J, Chaudhuri S, Wang S, Tang A, Mani N, Iyer R, Cheng Y, Gao B, Lu W, Sun Z, Liu H, Fang D. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 controls integrin-dependent cancer cell stemness and metastasis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2922367. [PMID: 37398311 PMCID: PMC10312927 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2922367/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Integrins plays critical roles in connecting the extracellular matrix and actin skeleton for cell adhesion, migration, signal transduction, and gene transcription, which upregulation is involved in cancer stemness and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying how integrins are upregulated in cancer stem cells (CSCs) remain as a biomedical mystery. Herein, we show that the death from cancer signature gene USP22 is essential to maintain the stemness of breast cancer cells through promoting the transcription of a group of integrin family members in particular integrin β1 (ITGB1). Both genetic and pharmacological USP22 inhibition largely impaired breast cancer stem cell self-renewal and prevented their metastasis. Integrin β1 reconstitution partially rescued USP22-null breast cancer stemness and their metastasis. At the molecular level, USP22 functions as a bona fide deubiquitinase to protect the proteasomal degradation of the forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), a transcription factor for tumoral ITGB1 gene transcription. Importantly unbiased analysis of the TCGA database revealed a strong positive correlation between the death from cancer signature gene ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22) and ITGB1, both of which are critical for cancer stemness, in more than 90% of human cancer types, implying that USP22 functions as a key factor to maintain stemness for a broad spectrum of human cancer types possibly through regulating ITGB1. To support this notion, immunohistochemistry staining detected a positive correlation among USP22, FoxM1 and integrin β1 in human breast cancers. Collectively, our study identifies the USP22-FoxM1-integrin β1 signaling axis critical for cancer stemness and offers a potential target for antitumor therapy.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang S, Wang J, Hu W, He L, Tang Q, Li J, Jie M, Li X, Liu C, Ouyang Q, Yang S, Hu C. RNF112-mediated FOXM1 ubiquitination suppresses the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer. JCI Insight 2023; 8:166698. [PMID: 37288663 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) plays a critical role in development physiologically and tumorigenesis pathologically. However, insufficient efforts have been dedicated to exploring the regulation, in particular the degradation of FOXM1. Here, the ON-TARGETplus siRNA library targeting E3 ligases was used to screen potential candidates to repress FOXM1. Of note, mechanism study revealed that RNF112 directly ubiquitinates FOXM1 in gastric cancer, resulting in a decreased FOXM1 transcriptional network and suppressing the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer. Interestingly, the well-established small-molecule compound RCM-1 significantly enhanced the interaction between RNF112 and FOXM1, which further promoted FOXM1 ubiquitination and subsequently exerted promising anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, we demonstrate that RNF112 suppresses gastric cancer progression by ubiquitinating FOXM1 and highlight the RNF112/FOXM1 axis serves as both prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weichao Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijiao He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyun Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengmeng Jie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinzhe Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Chongqing, China
| | - Changjiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pačínková A, Popovici V. IntOMICS: A Bayesian Framework for Reconstructing Regulatory Networks Using Multi-Omics Data. J Comput Biol 2023; 30:569-574. [PMID: 36961919 PMCID: PMC10178929 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2022.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Integration of multi-omics data can provide a more complex view of the biological system consisting of different interconnected molecular components. We present a new comprehensive R/Bioconductor-package, IntOMICS, which implements a Bayesian framework for multi-omics data integration. IntOMICS adopts a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling scheme to systematically analyze gene expression, copy number variation, DNA methylation, and biological prior knowledge to infer regulatory networks. The unique feature of IntOMICS is an empirical biological knowledge estimation from the available experimental data, which complements the missing biological prior knowledge. IntOMICS has the potential to be a powerful resource for exploratory systems biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pačínková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vlad Popovici
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Overexpression of FoxM1 Enhanced the Protective Effect of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury through the Activation of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:8324504. [PMID: 36820407 PMCID: PMC9938779 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8324504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) based cell and gene therapies have made remarkable progress in alleviating acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). However, the benefits of Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) gene-modified MSCs in the treatment of ALI have not been studied. Methods We evaluated the therapeutic effects of FoxM1-modified MSCs in ALI mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by quantifying the survival rate, lung weight ratio (wet/dry), and contents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, microcomputed tomography, histopathology, Evans Blue assay, and quantification of apoptosis were performed. We also explored the underlying mechanism by assessing Wnt/β-catenin signaling following the treatment of mice with FoxM1-modified MSCs utilizing the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor XAV-939. Results Compared with unmodified MSCs, transplantation of FoxM1-modified MSCs improved survival and vascular permeability; reduced total cell counts, leukocyte counts, total protein concentrations, and inflammatory cytokines in BALF; attenuated lung pathological impairments and fibrosis; and inhibited apoptosis in LPS-induced ALI/ARDS mice. Furthermore, FoxM1-modified MSCs maintained vascular integrity during ALI/ARDS by upregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which was partly reversed via a pathway inhibitor. Conclusion Overexpression of FoxM1 optimizes the treatment action of MSCs on ALI/ARDS by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis and restoring vascular integrity partially through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway stimulation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Otálora-Otálora BA, López-Kleine L, Rojas A. Lung Cancer Gene Regulatory Network of Transcription Factors Related to the Hallmarks of Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:434-464. [PMID: 36661515 PMCID: PMC9857713 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptomic analysis of microarray and RNA-Seq datasets followed our own bioinformatic pipeline to identify a transcriptional regulatory network of lung cancer. Twenty-six transcription factors are dysregulated and co-expressed in most of the lung cancer and pulmonary arterial hypertension datasets, which makes them the most frequently dysregulated transcription factors. Co-expression, gene regulatory, coregulatory, and transcriptional regulatory networks, along with fibration symmetries, were constructed to identify common connection patterns, alignments, main regulators, and target genes in order to analyze transcription factor complex formation, as well as its synchronized co-expression patterns in every type of lung cancer. The regulatory function of the most frequently dysregulated transcription factors over lung cancer deregulated genes was validated with ChEA3 enrichment analysis. A Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis linked the dysregulation of the top transcription factors with lung cancer patients' survival. Our results indicate that lung cancer has unique and common deregulated genes and transcription factors with pulmonary arterial hypertension, co-expressed and regulated in a coordinated and cooperative manner by the transcriptional regulatory network that might be associated with critical biological processes and signaling pathways related to the acquisition of the hallmarks of cancer, making them potentially relevant tumor biomarkers for lung cancer early diagnosis and targets for the development of personalized therapies against lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Andrea Otálora-Otálora
- Grupo de Investigación INPAC, Unidad de Investigación, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá 110131, Colombia
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
| | - Liliana López-Kleine
- Departamento de Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
- Correspondence: (L.L.-K.); (A.R.)
| | - Adriana Rojas
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Genética Humana, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110211, Colombia
- Correspondence: (L.L.-K.); (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Impairment of FOXM1 expression in mesenchymal cells from patients with myeloid neoplasms, de novo and therapy-related, may compromise their ability to support hematopoiesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21231. [PMID: 36481766 PMCID: PMC9732345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) exhibit multiple abnormalities in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemias (AML), including reduced proliferative and clonogenic capacity, altered morphology, impaired immunoregulatory properties and capacity to support hematopoiesis. Here, we investigated expression of the FOXM1 gene, a transcription factor driving G2/M gene expression, in BM-MSCs isolated from patients with MDS and AML, de novo and therapy-related, compared to BM-MSCs isolated from healthy donors (HD). We observed a statistically significant downregulation of FOXM1 expression in BM-MSCs isolated from MDS and AML patients, as compared to controls. In parallel, expression of FOXM1 mitotic targets (CCNB1, CDC20, PLK1 and NDC80) was suppressed in patients' BM-MSCs, as compared to HD. No differences in the expression of FOXM1 and its mitotic targets were observed in BM-mononuclear cells from the different sources. From a functional standpoint, silencing of FOXM1 mRNA in healthy MSC induced a significant decrease in the expression of its targets. In this line, healthy MSC silenced for FOXM1 showed an impaired ability to support hematopoiesis in vitro. These findings suggest that deregulation of FOXM1 may be involved in the senescent phenotype observed in MSC derived from myeloid neoplasms.
Collapse
|
14
|
Qiu J, Tang Y, Liu L, Yu J, Chen Z, Chen H, Yuan R. FOXM1 is regulated by DEPDC1 to facilitate development and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:815998. [PMID: 36072787 PMCID: PMC9443502 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.815998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Disheveled, EGL-10, Pleckstrin domain containing 1 (DEPDC1) is a new oncogene that has recently been described. The mechanisms and functions of its expression are yet to be determined in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the present study, the impact of DEPDC1 on the growth and development of OSCC was investigated using animal models, cell lines and human tissue samples. Elevated DEPDC1 expression within cancer cell lines and human OSCC has been identified. Mechanistic examination showed that restored DEPDC1 expression in vivo and in vitro stimulated OSCC tumour development. In addition, FOXM1 interacts with DEPDC1 as indicated by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence testing. Functionally, DEPDC1 facilitated Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction and β-catenin protein nuclear expression. In summary, the DEPDC1, interacting with FOXM1 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the closely regulated OSCC pathogenesis, suggesting that targeting the novel DEPDC1/FOXM1/β-catenin complex is an essential OSCC therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yongping Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenggang Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
- Research Institute of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Rongtao Yuan, ; Hao Chen,
| | - Rongtao Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Rongtao Yuan, ; Hao Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Z, Liu W, Bao X, Sun T, Wang J, Li M, Liu C. USP39 facilitates breast cancer cell proliferation through stabilization of FOXM1. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:3644-3661. [PMID: 36119839 PMCID: PMC9442023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinating enzyme dysregulation has been linked to the development of a variety of human malignancies, including breast cancer. However, the exact involvement of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP39 in the progression of breast cancer is yet unknown. Cell viability and colony formation analysis was used to assess the effects of USP39 knockdown on breast cancer cells in this study. The interaction between USP39 and FOXM1 was investigated using co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and in vitro deubiquitination analysis. The expression of USP39 and FOXM1 in breast cancer tissues was studied using the TCGA database. According to our findings, USP39 deubiquitinates and stabilizes FOXM1, promoting breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, elevated USP39 expression lowers FOXM1 ubiquitination, resulting in increased transcriptional activity. In addition, the high expression of USP39 reduces the ubiquitination of FOXM1, thereby enhancing the transcriptional activity of FOXM1 and regulating the expression of downstream genes Cdc25b and Plk1. USP39 is positively correlated with the expression level of FOXM1 in breast cancer cells. In general, our research revealed the USP39-FOXM1 axis as a critical driver of breast cancer cell proliferation and provided a theoretical foundation for targeting the USP39-FOXM1 axis for pancreatic cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwang Zhang
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437000, Hubei, China
- Hubei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical CollegeXianning 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437000, Hubei, China
- Hubei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical CollegeXianning 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Xiajun Bao
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437000, Hubei, China
- Hubei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical CollegeXianning 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Tian Sun
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437000, Hubei, China
- Hubei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical CollegeXianning 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437000, Hubei, China
- Hubei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical CollegeXianning 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- Science and Technology Industry Management Office, Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437000, Hubei, China
- Hubei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical CollegeXianning 437000, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
An T, Lu Y, Yan X, Hou J. Insights Into the Properties, Biological Functions, and Regulation of USP21. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:944089. [PMID: 35846989 PMCID: PMC9279671 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.944089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) antagonize ubiquitination by removing ubiquitin from their substrates. The role of DUBs in controlling various physiological and pathological processes has been extensively studied, and some members of DUBs have been identified as potential therapeutic targets in diseases ranging from tumors to neurodegeneration. Ubiquitin-specific protease 21 (USP21) is a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family, the largest subfamily of DUBs. Although USP21 was discovered late and early research progress was slow, numerous studies in the last decade have gradually revealed the importance of USP21 in a wide variety of biological processes. In particular, the pro-carcinogenic effect of USP21 has been well elucidated in the last 2 years. In the present review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on USP21, including its properties, biological functions, pathophysiological roles, and cellular regulation. Limited pharmacological interventions for USP21 have also been introduced, highlighting the importance of developing novel and specific inhibitors targeting USP21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yanting Lu
- College of TCM, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjing Hou,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Min JK, Park HS, Lee YB, Kim JG, Kim JI, Park JB. Cross-Talk between Wnt Signaling and Src Tyrosine Kinase. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051112. [PMID: 35625853 PMCID: PMC9138253 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, was first discovered as a prototype oncogene and has been shown to critical for cancer progression for a variety of tissues. Src activity is regulated by a number of post-translational modifications in response to various stimuli. Phosphorylations of Src Tyr419 (human; 416 in chicken) and Src Tyr530 (human; 527 in chicken) have been known to be critical for activation and inactivation of Src, respectively. Wnt signaling regulates a variety of cellular functions including for development and cell proliferation, and has a role in certain diseases such as cancer. Wnt signaling is carried out through two pathways: β-catenin-dependent canonical and β-catenin-independent non-canonical pathways as Wnt ligands bind to their receptors, Frizzled, LRP5/6, and ROR1/2. In addition, many signaling components including Axin, APC, Damm, Dishevelled, JNK kinase and Rho GTPases contribute to these canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways. However, the communication between Wnt signaling and Src tyrosine kinase has not been well reviewed as Src regulates Wnt signaling through LRP6 tyrosine phosphorylation. GSK-3β phosphorylated by Wnt also regulates Src activity. As Wnt signaling and Src mutually regulate each other, it is noted that aberrant regulation of these components give rise to various diseases including typically cancer, and as such, merit a closer look.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ki Min
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hwee-Seon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.-S.P.); (J.-I.K.)
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yoon-Beom Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jae-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.-S.P.); (J.-I.K.)
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jae-Bong Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2542; Fax: +82-33-244-8425
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alvandi Z, Nagata Y, Passos LSA, Hashemi Gheinani A, Guerrero JL, Wylie‐Sears J, Romero DC, Morris BA, Sullivan SM, Yaghoubian KM, Alvandi A, Adam RM, Aikawa E, Levine RA, Bischoff J. Wnt Site Signaling Inhibitor Secreted Frizzled‐Related Protein 3 Protects Mitral Valve Endothelium From Myocardial Infarction–Induced Endothelial‐to‐Mesenchymal Transition. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023695. [PMID: 35348006 PMCID: PMC9075477 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background
The onset and mechanisms of endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in mitral valve (MV) leaflets following myocardial infarction (MI) are unknown, yet these events are closely linked to stiffening of leaflets and development of ischemic mitral regurgitation. We investigated whether circulating molecules present in plasma within days after MI incite EndMT in MV leaflets.
Methods and Results
We examined the onset of EndMT in MV leaflets from 9 sheep with inferior MI, 8 with sham surgery, and 6 naïve controls. Ovine MVs 8 to 10 days after inferior MI displayed EndMT, shown by increased vascular endothelial cadherin/α‐smooth muscle actin–positive cells. The effect of plasma on EndMT in MV endothelial cells (VECs) was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, migration assays, and immunofluorescence. In vitro, post‐MI plasma induced EndMT marker expression and enhanced migration of mitral VECs; sham plasma did not. Analysis of sham versus post‐MI plasma revealed a significant drop in the Wnt signaling antagonist sFRP3 (secreted frizzled‐related protein 3) in post‐MI plasma. Addition of recombinant sFRP3 to post‐MI plasma reversed its EndMT‐inducing effect on mitral VECs. RNA‐sequencing analysis of mitral VECs exposed to post‐MI plasma showed upregulated FOXM1 (forkhead box M1). Blocking FOXM1 reduced EndMT transcripts in mitral VECs treated with post‐MI plasma. Finally, FOXM1 induced by post‐MI plasma was downregulated by sFRP3.
Conclusions
Reduced sFRP3 in post‐MI plasma facilitates EndMT in mitral VECs by increasing the transcription factor FOXM1. Restoring sFRP3 levels or inhibiting FOXM1 soon after MI may provide a novel strategy to modulate EndMT in the MV to prevent ischemic mitral regurgitation and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alvandi
- Vascular Biology Program Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA
- Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Yasufumi Nagata
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | | | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA
- Department of Urology Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA
| | - J. Luis Guerrero
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | | | - Dayana Carolina Romero
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Brittan A. Morris
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Suzanne M. Sullivan
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Koushiar M. Yaghoubian
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Amirhossein Alvandi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Massachusetts Amherst MA
| | - Rosalyn M. Adam
- Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston MA
- Department of Urology Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences Cardiovascular MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Robert A. Levine
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA
- Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Roca MS, Moccia T, Iannelli F, Testa C, Vitagliano C, Minopoli M, Camerlingo R, De Riso G, De Cecio R, Bruzzese F, Conte M, Altucci L, Di Gennaro E, Avallone A, Leone A, Budillon A. HDAC class I inhibitor domatinostat sensitizes pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy by targeting cancer stem cell compartment via FOXM1 modulation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:83. [PMID: 35241126 PMCID: PMC8892808 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents an unmet clinical need due to the very poor prognosis and the lack of effective therapy. Here we investigated the potential of domatinostat (4SC-202), a new class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, currently in clinical development, to sensitize PDAC to first line standard gemcitabine (G)/taxol (T) doublet chemotherapy treatment. METHODS Synergistic anti-tumor effect of the combined treatment was assessed in PANC1, ASPC1 and PANC28 PDAC cell lines in vitro as well as on tumor spheroids and microtissues, by evaluating combination index (CI), apoptosis, clonogenic capability. The data were confirmed in vivo xenograft models of PANC28 and PANC1 cells in athymic mice. Cancer stem cells (CSC) targeting was studied by mRNA and protein expression of CSC markers, by limiting dilution assay, and by flow cytometric and immunofluorescent evaluation of CSC mitochondrial and cellular oxidative stress. Mechanistic role of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and downstream targets was evaluated in FOXM1-overexpressing PDAC cells. RESULTS We showed that domatinostat sensitized in vitro and in vivo models of PDAC to chemotherapeutics commonly used in PDAC patients management and particularly to GT doublet, by targeting CSC compartment through the induction of mitochondrial and cellular oxidative stress. Mechanistically, we showed that domatinostat hampers the expression and function of FOXM1, a transcription factor playing a crucial role in stemness, oxidative stress modulation and DNA repair. Domatinostat reduced FOXM1 protein levels by downregulating mRNA expression and inducing proteasome-mediated protein degradation thus preventing nuclear translocation correlated with a reduction of FOXM1 target genes. Furthermore, by overexpressing FOXM1 in PDAC cells we significantly reduced domatinostat-inducing oxidative mitochondrial and cellular stress and abolished GT sensitization, both in adherent and spheroid cells, confirming FOXM1 crucial role in the mechanisms described. Finally, we found a correlation of FOXM1 expression with poor progression free survival in PDAC chemotherapy-treated patients. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we suggest a novel therapeutic strategy based on domatinostat to improve efficacy and to overcome resistance of commonly used chemotherapeutics in PDAC that warrant further clinical evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Serena Roca
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Tania Moccia
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Iannelli
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Testa
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Vitagliano
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Minopoli
- Neoplastic Progression Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Camerlingo
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia De Riso
- Department of molecular medicine and medical biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella De Cecio
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Bruzzese
- Animal Facility, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Conte
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,BIOGEM, (AV), Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Avallone
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology; Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Leone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shi C, Zhang H, Wang M, Tian R, Li X, Feng Y, Peng F, Qin R. OPA Interacting Protein 5 Antisense RNA 1 Expedites Cell Migration and Invasion Through FOXM1/ Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:915-924. [PMID: 33782807 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a digestive tract malignancy with poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) OPA interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) was regarded to be correlated with human malignancy, working as tumor suppressor or promoter on the basis of tumor types. However, the function of OIP5-AS1 in PC remained unclear. AIMS The study focused on the function and regulatory mechanism of OIP5-AS1 in PC. METHODS OIP5-AS1 expression was assessed by the quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) in tumor tissues and PC cell lines. 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were applied to detect cell proliferation ability. Through wound healing and transwell assays, cell migration and invasion capacities were estimated. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to examine apoptosis capability of PC cells. RESULTS OIP5-AS1 downregulating inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities, while promoting cell apoptosis rates. As a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), OIP5-AS1 competed with Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) for the binding sites on microRNA-320b (miR-320b). OIP5-AS1 was able to upregulate FOXM1 expression via silencing miR-320b. Furthermore, FOXM1 served as an activator of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and mediated the effect of OIP5-AS1 on Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSION OIP5-AS1 expedites the proliferative, migrated, and invasive capability of PC cells, while repressing cell apoptosis through regulating miRNA-320b/FOXM1 axis and FOXM1/Wnt/β-catenin pathway in PC. OIP5-AS1 regulation on FOXM1/Wnt/β-catenin pathway may offer novel efficient markers for PC treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Shi
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yechen Feng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Renyi Qin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mondal A, Das S, Samanta J, Chakraborty S, sengupta A. YAP1 induces hyperglycemic stress-mediated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in an AKT-FOXM1 dependent signaling pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 722:109198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Hu X, Yuan G, Li Q, Huang J, Cheng X, Chen J. DEAH-box polypeptide 32 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via activating the β-catenin pathway. Ann Med 2021; 53:437-447. [PMID: 33729094 PMCID: PMC7971220 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1898674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is refractory cancer with high morbidity and high mortality. DEAH-box polypeptide 32 (DHX32) was upregulated in several types of malignancies and predicted poor prognosis. Herein, we investigated the role of DHX32 in HCC progression. METHODS The expression of DHX32, β-catenin, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related makers were determined by Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR assays. Cell proliferation was tested by EdU cell proliferation assay. The effect of DHX32 and β-catenin on cell migration and invasion were detected by wound-healing and Traswell invasion assays. Tumour xenografts were performed to determine the effect of DHX32 on HCC tumour growth. RESULTS High level of DHX32 expression was associated with reduced overall survival in HCC patients. DHX32 expression was upregulated in human HCC cells and ectopic expression of DHX32 induced EMT, promoted the mobility and proliferation of HCC cells, and enhanced tumour growth in vivo. Silencing DHX32 reversed EMT, inhibited the malignancy behaviors of HCC cells, and suppressed tumour growth. Mechanistically, silencing DHX32 decreased the expression of β-cateninin in nucleus and β-catenin siRNA abrogated DHX32-mediated HCC progression. CONCLUSION DHX32 was an attractive regulator of HCC progression and indicated DHX32 canserve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinzhang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
USP21 regulates Hippo signaling to promote radioresistance by deubiquitinating FOXM1 in cervical cancer. Hum Cell 2021; 35:333-347. [PMID: 34825342 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The ectopic expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) is common in different types of cancer. However, its relationship with radio-sensitivity in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to uncover the effect of USP21 on CC radio-resistance and its underlying mechanism. Our results showed that the expression of USP21 was markedly increased in CC tissues of radio-resistant patients and CC cells treated with radiation. Besides, knockdown of USP21 restrained the survival fractions, and facilitated apoptosis of CC cells in the absence or presence of radiation. Additionally, USP21 in combination with FOXM1 regulated the stability and ubiquitination of FOXM1. However, FOXM1 reversed the effects of USP21 knockdown on the radio-resistance of CC cells. Furthermore, FOXM1 knockdown activated the Hippo pathway by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), and FOXM1 knockdown attenuated the radio-resistance of CC cells via inhibiting the Hippo-YAP1 pathway. USP21 activated the Hippo pathway by mediating FOXM1. Knockdown of USP21 enhanced the radio-sensitivity of CC cells in vivo. In summary, USP21 contributed to the radio-resistance of CC cells via FOXM1/Hippo signaling, and may serve as a promising target for radio-sensitizers in the radiotherapy of CC.
Collapse
|
24
|
Sharma A, Khan H, Singh TG, Grewal AK, Najda A, Kawecka-Radomska M, Kamel M, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Pharmacological Modulation of Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathways in Oncogenic Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111971. [PMID: 34769401 PMCID: PMC8584958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is involved in regulating several biological functions, including cell cycle control, apoptosis, DNA damage response, and apoptosis. It is widely known for its role in degrading abnormal protein substrates and maintaining physiological body functions via ubiquitinating enzymes (E1, E2, E3) and the proteasome. Therefore, aberrant expression in these enzymes results in an altered biological process, including transduction signaling for cell death and survival, resulting in cancer. In this review, an overview of profuse enzymes involved as a pro-oncogenic or progressive growth factor in tumors with their downstream signaling pathways has been discussed. A systematic literature review of PubMed, Medline, Bentham, Scopus, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was carried out to understand the nature of the extensive work done on modulation of ubiquitin-proteasome pathways in oncogenic signaling. Various in vitro, in vivo studies demonstrating the involvement of ubiquitin-proteasome systems in varied types of cancers and the downstream signaling pathways involved are also discussed in the current review. Several inhibitors of E1, E2, E3, deubiquitinase enzymes and proteasome have been applied for treating cancer. Some of these drugs have exhibited successful outcomes in in vivo studies on different cancer types, so clinical trials are going on for these inhibitors. This review mainly focuses on certain ubiquitin-proteasome enzymes involved in developing cancers and certain enzymes that can be targeted to treat cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
- Correspondence: or (T.G.S.); (M.M.A.-D.); Tel.: +91-9815951171 (T.G.S.); +966-580192142 (M.M.A.-D.)
| | - Amarjot Kaur Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (M.K.-R.)
| | - Małgorzata Kawecka-Radomska
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (M.K.-R.)
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (T.G.S.); (M.M.A.-D.); Tel.: +91-9815951171 (T.G.S.); +966-580192142 (M.M.A.-D.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen L, Xu Z, Li Q, Feng Q, Zheng C, Du Y, Yuan R, Peng X. USP28 facilitates pancreatic cancer progression through activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway via stabilising FOXM1. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:887. [PMID: 34584067 PMCID: PMC8478945 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification that can be reversed by a family of enzymes called deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Ubiquitin-specific protease 28 (USP28), a member of the DUBs family, functions as a potential tumour promoter in various cancers. However, the biological function and clinical significance of USP28 in pancreatic cancer (PC) are still unclear. Here, we showed that PC tumours had higher USP28 expression compared with that of normal pancreatic tissues, and high USP28 level was significantly correlated with malignant phenotype and shorter survival in patients with PC. Overexpression of USP28 accelerated PC cell growth, whereas USP28 knockdown impaired PC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Further, we found that USP28 promoted PC cell growth by facilitating cell cycle progression and inhibiting apoptosis. Mechanistically, USP28 deubiquitinated and stabilised FOXM1, a critical mediator of Wnt/β-catenin signalling. USP28-mediated stabilisation of FOXM1 significantly promoted nucleus β-catenin trans-activation, which in turn led to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Finally, restoration of FOXM1 expression abolished the anti-tumour effects of USP28-silencing. Thus, USP28 contributes to PC pathogenesis through enhancing the FOXM1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signalling, and could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for PC cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leifeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Cihua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yunyan Du
- Department of Medical, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Rongfa Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Koch S. Regulation of Wnt Signaling by FOX Transcription Factors in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143446. [PMID: 34298659 PMCID: PMC8307807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is caused by a breakdown of cell-to-cell communication, which results in the unrestricted expansion of cells within a tissue. In many cases, tumor growth is maintained by the continuous activation of cell signaling programs that normally drive embryonic development and wound repair. In this review article, I discuss how one of the largest human protein families, namely FOX proteins, controls the activity of the Wnt pathway, a major regulatory signaling cascade in developing organisms and adult stem cells. Evidence suggests that there is considerable crosstalk between FOX proteins and the Wnt pathway, which contributes to cancer initiation and progression. A better understanding of FOX biology may therefore lead to the development of new targeted treatments for many types of cancer. Abstract Aberrant activation of the oncogenic Wnt signaling pathway is a hallmark of numerous types of cancer. However, in many cases, it is unclear how a chronically high Wnt signaling tone is maintained in the absence of activating pathway mutations. Forkhead box (FOX) family transcription factors are key regulators of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, and there is mounting evidence that they act in part by fine-tuning the Wnt signaling output in a tissue-specific and context-dependent manner. Here, I review the diverse ways in which FOX transcription factors interact with the Wnt pathway, and how the ectopic reactivation of FOX proteins may affect Wnt signaling activity in various types of cancer. Many FOX transcription factors are partially functionally redundant and exhibit a highly restricted expression pattern, especially in adults. Thus, precision targeting of individual FOX proteins may lead to safe treatment options for Wnt-dependent cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Koch
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; ; Tel.: +46-132-829-69
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Advances in the Development Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase (USP) Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094546. [PMID: 33925279 PMCID: PMC8123678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitylation and deubiquitylation are reversible protein post-translational modification (PTM) processes involving the regulation of protein degradation under physiological conditions. Loss of balance in this regulatory system can lead to a wide range of diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. As the main members of the deubiquitinases (DUBs) family, ubiquitin-specific peptidases (USPs) are closely related to biological processes through a variety of molecular signaling pathways, including DNA damage repair, p53 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathways. Over the past decade, increasing attention has been drawn to USPs as potential targets for the development of therapeutics across diverse therapeutic areas. In this review, we summarize the crucial roles of USPs in different signaling pathways and focus on advances in the development of USP inhibitors, as well as the methods of screening and identifying USP inhibitors.
Collapse
|
28
|
Activation of AMPK inhibits Galectin-3-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation by upregulating hippo signaling effector YAP. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3037-3049. [PMID: 33797701 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-3(Gal-3) is an effective regulator in the pathological process of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the detailed mechanisms underlying Gal-3 contribution to PAH are not yet entirely clear. The aim of the present study was to explore these issues. Proliferation of rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) was determined using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was applied to silence the expression of yes-associated protein (YAP) and Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1). The protein expression and phosphorylation were measured by immunoblotting. The subcellular location of YAP was determined using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Gal-3-stimulated PASMCs proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, this was accompanied with, YAP upregulation, dephosphorylation, and nucleus translocation. Gal-3 further increased FOXM1 and cyclinD1 expression via YAP activation. Interfering YAP/FOXM1 axis suppressed Gal-3-induced PASMCs proliferation. Activation of AMPK also inhibited Gal-3-triggered cells proliferation by targeting YAP/FOXM1/cyclinD1 pathway. Gal-3 induced PASMCs proliferation by regulating YAP/FOXM1/cyclinD1 signaling cascade, and activation of AMPK targeted on this axis and suppressed Gal-3-stimulated PASMCs proliferation. Our study provides novel therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment of PAH.
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheung BB, Kleynhans A, Mittra R, Kim PY, Holien JK, Nagy Z, Ciampa OC, Seneviratne JA, Mayoh C, Raipuria M, Gadde S, Massudi H, Wong IPL, Tan O, Gong A, Suryano A, Diakiw SM, Liu B, Arndt GM, Liu T, Kumar N, Sangfelt O, Zhu S, Norris MD, Haber M, Carter DR, Parker MW, Marshall GM. A novel combination therapy targeting ubiquitin-specific protease 5 in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:2367-2381. [PMID: 33658627 PMCID: PMC8016666 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are effective in MYCN-driven cancers, because of a unique need for HDAC recruitment by the MYCN oncogenic signal. However, HDAC inhibitors are much more effective in combination with other anti-cancer agents. To identify novel compounds which act synergistically with HDAC inhibitor, such as suberanoyl hydroxamic acid (SAHA), we performed a cell-based, high-throughput drug screen of 10,560 small molecule compounds from a drug-like diversity library and identified a small molecule compound (SE486-11) which synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effects of SAHA. Effects of drug combinations on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and colony forming were assessed in a panel of neuroblastoma cell lines. Treatment with SAHA and SE486-11 increased MYCN ubiquitination and degradation, and markedly inhibited tumorigenesis in neuroblastoma xenografts, and, MYCN transgenic zebrafish and mice. The combination reduced ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5) levels and increased unanchored polyubiquitin chains. Overexpression of USP5 rescued neuroblastoma cells from the cytopathic effects of the combination and reduced unanchored polyubiquitin, suggesting USP5 is a therapeutic target of the combination. SAHA and SE486-11 directly bound to USP5 and the drug combination exhibited a 100-fold higher binding to USP5 than individual drugs alone in microscale thermophoresis assays. MYCN bound to the USP5 promoter and induced USP5 gene expression suggesting that USP5 and MYCN expression created a forward positive feedback loop in neuroblastoma cells. Thus, USP5 acts as an oncogenic cofactor with MYCN in neuroblastoma and the novel combination of HDAC inhibitor with SE486-11 represents a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belamy B Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ane Kleynhans
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rituparna Mittra
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Y Kim
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica K Holien
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zsuzsanna Nagy
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivia C Ciampa
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Janith A Seneviratne
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mukesh Raipuria
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Satyanarayana Gadde
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hassina Massudi
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Iris Poh Ling Wong
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Owen Tan
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Gong
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aldwin Suryano
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonya M Diakiw
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Greg M Arndt
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olle Sangfelt
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shizhen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel R Carter
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Carmona-Rodríguez L, Martínez-Rey D, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, González-Martín A, Paz-Cabezas M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez N, Pérez-Villamil B, Sáez ME, Díaz-Rubio E, Mira E, Mañes S. SOD3 induces a HIF-2α-dependent program in endothelial cells that provides a selective signal for tumor infiltration by T cells. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000432. [PMID: 32591431 PMCID: PMC7319787 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), mainly CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), are linked to immune-mediated control of human cancers and response to immunotherapy. Tumors have nonetheless developed specific mechanisms that selectively restrict T cell entry into the tumor microenvironment. The extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is an anti-oxidant enzyme usually downregulated in tumors. We hypothesize that upregulation of SOD3 in the tumor microenvironment might be a mechanism to boost T cell infiltration by normalizing the tumor-associated endothelium. Results Here we show that SOD3 overexpression in endothelial cells increased in vitro transmigration of naïve and activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but not of myeloid cells. Perivascular expression of SOD3 also specifically increased CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cell infiltration into tumors and improved the effectiveness of adoptively transferred tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. SOD3-induced enhanced transmigration in vitro and tumor infiltration in vivo were not associated to upregulation of T cell chemokines such as CXCL9 or CXCL10, nor to changes in the levels of endothelial adhesion receptors such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) or vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Instead, SOD3 enhanced T cell infiltration via HIF-2α-dependent induction of specific WNT ligands in endothelial cells; this led to WNT signaling pathway activation in the endothelium, FOXM1 stabilization, and transcriptional induction of laminin-α4 (LAMA4), an endothelial basement membrane component permissive for T cell infiltration. In patients with stage II colorectal cancer, SOD3 was associated with increased CD8+ TIL density and disease-free survival. SOD3 expression was also linked to a T cell–inflamed gene signature using the COAD cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas program. Conclusion Our findings suggest that SOD3-induced upregulation of LAMA4 in endothelial cells boosts selective tumor infiltration by T lymphocytes, thus transforming immunologically “cold” into “hot” tumors. High SOD3 levels are associated with human colon cancer infiltration by CD8+ T cells, with potential consequences for the clinical outcome of these patients. Our results also uncover a cell type–specific, distinct activity of the WNT pathway for the regulation of T cell infiltration into tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Martínez-Rey
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Mateo Paz-Cabezas
- Genomics and Microarray Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Pérez-Villamil
- Genomics and Microarray Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Díaz-Rubio
- Clinical Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia Mira
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Mañes
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kalathil D, John S, Nair AS. FOXM1 and Cancer: Faulty Cellular Signaling Derails Homeostasis. Front Oncol 2021; 10:626836. [PMID: 33680951 PMCID: PMC7927600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.626836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box transcription factor, FOXM1 is implicated in several cellular processes such as proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and redox signaling. In addition to being a boon for the normal functioning of a cell, FOXM1 turns out to be a bane by manifesting in several disease scenarios including cancer. It has been given an oncogenic status based on several evidences indicating its role in tumor development and progression. FOXM1 is highly expressed in several cancers and has also been implicated in poor prognosis. A comprehensive understanding of various aspects of this molecule has revealed its role in angiogenesis, invasion, migration, self- renewal and drug resistance. In this review, we attempt to understand various mechanisms underlying FOXM1 gene and protein regulation in cancer including the different signaling pathways, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. Identifying crucial molecules associated with these processes can aid in the development of potential pharmacological approaches to curb FOXM1 mediated tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Kalathil
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Samu John
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Asha S Nair
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bosquet JG, Zhang Q, Cliby WA, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Cen L, Dowdy SC, Sherman ME, Weroha SJ, Clayton AC, Kipp BR, Halling KC, Couch FJ, Podratz KC. Association of a novel endometrial cancer biomarker panel with prognostic risk, platinum insensitivity, and targetable therapeutic options. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245664. [PMID: 33503056 PMCID: PMC7840025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decade, the age-adjusted mortality rate for endometrial cancer (EC) increased 1.9% annually with TP53 mutant (TP53-mu) EC disproportionally represented in advanced disease and deaths. Therefore, we aimed to assess pivotal molecular parameters that differentiate clinical outcomes in high- and low-risk EC. Using the Cancer Genome Atlas, we analyzed EC specimens with available DNA sequences and quantitative gene-specific RNA expression data. After polymerase ɛ (POLE)-mutant specimens were excluded, differential gene-specific mutations and mRNA expressions were annotated and integrated. Consequent to TP53-mu failure to induce p21, derepression of multiple oncogenes harboring promoter p21 repressive sites was observed, including CCNA2 and FOXM1 (P < .001 compared with TP53 wild type [TP53-wt]). TP53-wt EC with high CCNA2 expression (CCNA2-H) had a targeted transcriptomic profile similar to that of TP53-mu EC, suggesting CCNA2 is a seminal determinant for both TP53-wt and TP53-mu EC. CCNA2 enhances E2F1 function, upregulating FOXM1 and CIP2A, as observed in TP53-mu and CCNA2-H TP53-wt EC (P < .001). CIP2A inhibits protein phosphatase 2A, leading to AKT inactivation of GSK3β and restricted oncoprotein degradation; PPP2R1A and FBXW7 mutations yield similar results. Upregulation of FOXM1 and failed degradation of FOXM1 is evidenced by marked upregulation of multiple homologous recombination genes (P < .001). Integrating these molecular aberrations generated a molecular biomarker panel with significant prognostic discrimination (P = 5.8×10−7); adjusting for age, histology, grade, myometrial invasion, TP53 status, and stage, only CCNA2-H/E2F1-H (P = .0003), FBXW7-mu/PPP2R1A-mu (P = .0002), and stage (P = .017) were significant. The generated prognostic molecular classification system identifies dissimilar signaling aberrations potentially amenable to targetable therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Gonzalez Bosquet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Qing Zhang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - William A. Cliby
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jamie N. Bakkum-Gamez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ling Cen
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sean C. Dowdy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Mark E. Sherman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - S. John Weroha
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Amy C. Clayton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Benjamin R. Kipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kevin C. Halling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Karl C. Podratz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Detarya M, Thaenkaew S, Seubwai W, Indramanee S, Phoomak C, Saengboonmee C, Wongkham S, Wongkham C. High glucose upregulates FOXM1 expression via EGFR/STAT3 dependent activation to promote progression of cholangiocarcinoma. Life Sci 2021; 271:119114. [PMID: 33513399 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epidemiological studies indicate diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia as risk factors of cancers including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). How high glucose promotes cancer development and progression, however, is still unrevealed. In this study, insight into the molecular pathway of high glucose promoting progression of CCA cells was investigated. MAIN METHODS Human CCA cell lines, KKU-213A and KKU-213B were cultured in normal glucose (NG; 5.56 mM) or high glucose (HG; 25 mM) and used as NG and HG cells. Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) expression was transiently suppressed using siFOXM1. Western blotting and image analysis were employed to semi-quantitatively determine the expression levels of the specified proteins. The migration and invasion of CCA cells were revealed using Boyden chamber assays. KEY FINDINGS All HG cells exhibited higher expression of FOXM1 than the corresponding NG cells in a dose dependent manner. Suppression of FOXM1 expression by siFOXM1 significantly reduced migration and invasion abilities of CCA cells by suppression of Slug and MMP2 expression. Inhibition of STAT3 activation using Stattic, significantly suppressed expression of FOXM1 and Slug and decreased migration and invasion abilities of HG cells. In addition, EGFR expression was significantly higher in HG cells than NG cells and increased dependently with glucose concentration. Inhibition of EGFR activation by cetuximab significantly suppressed STAT3 activation and FOXM1 expression. SIGNIFICANCE The mechanism of high glucose promoting progression of CCA cells was revealed to be via in part by upregulation of FOXM1 expression under EGF/EGFR and STAT3 dependent activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marutpong Detarya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Salak Thaenkaew
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Basic-Related subject Department, Khon Kaen Vocational College, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Somsiri Indramanee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Phoomak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chaisiri Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Molecular Mechanisms of DUBs Regulation in Signaling and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22030986. [PMID: 33498168 PMCID: PMC7863924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22030986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The large family of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are involved in the regulation of a plethora of processes carried out inside the cell by protein ubiquitination. Ubiquitination is a basic pathway responsible for the correct protein homeostasis in the cell, which could regulate the fate of proteins through the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS). In this review we will focus on recent advances on the molecular mechanisms and specificities found for some types of DUBs enzymes, highlighting illustrative examples in which the regulatory mechanism for DUBs has been understood in depth at the molecular level by structural biology. DUB proteases are responsible for cleavage and regulation of the multiple types of ubiquitin linkages that can be synthesized inside the cell, known as the ubiquitin-code, which are tightly connected to specific substrate functions. We will display some strategies carried out by members of different DUB families to provide specificity on the cleavage of particular ubiquitin linkages. Finally, we will also discuss recent progress made for the development of drug compounds targeting DUB proteases, which are usually correlated to the progress of many pathologies such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
35
|
Xie H, Miao N, Xu D, Zhou Z, Ni J, Yin F, Wang Y, Cheng Q, Chen P, Li J, Zheng P, Zhou L, Liu J, Zhang W, Wang X, Lu L. FoxM1 promotes Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and renal fibrosis via transcriptionally regulating multi-Wnts expressions. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1958-1971. [PMID: 33434361 PMCID: PMC7882937 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway plays a pivotal role in promoting renal fibrosis. The activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway relies on the binding of Wnts to Frizzled receptors on cell membrane. However, the factor regulating Wnts production remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that transcriptional factor FoxM1 was significantly increased in obstructed kidneys and patients' kidneys with fibrosis. The up‐regulation of FoxM1 mainly distributed in tubular epithelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition of FoxM1 down‐regulated multi‐Wnts elevation in UUO mice and attenuated renal fibrosis. In cultured renal tubular epithelial cells, overexpression of FoxM1 promoted 8 Wnts expression, while knock‐down on FoxM1‐suppressed multi‐Wnts including Wnt1, Wnt2b and Wnt3 expression induced by Ang II. Chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR confirmed that FoxM1 bound to Wnt1, Wnt2b, Wnt3 promoters and luciferase assay further identified that the transcriptions of Wnt1, Wnt2b and Wnt3 were regulated by FoxM1. Thus, our findings show that multi‐Wnt family members were regulated by transcriptional factor FoxM1. FoxM1 might be a key switch for activating β‐catenin pathway and renal fibrosis. Therefore, FoxM1 might be a potential therapeutic target in manipulating renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Naijun Miao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuanli Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiayun Ni
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fan Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Panpan Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingyao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peiqing Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Limin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, 201102, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hao L, Yin J, Yang H, Li C, Zhu L, Liu L, Zhong J. ALKBH5-mediated m 6A demethylation of FOXM1 mRNA promotes progression of uveal melanoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4045-4062. [PMID: 33428593 PMCID: PMC7906204 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we found that ALKBH5, a key component of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase complex, was significantly elevated in uveal melanoma (UM) cell lines and that ALKBH5 downregulation inhibited tumor growth in vivo. High ALKBH5 expression predicted worse outcome in patients with UM. EP300-induced H3K27 acetylation activation increased ALKBH5 expression. Downregulation of ALKBH5 inhibited UM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased apoptosis in vitro. Besides, ALKBH5 may promote UM metastasis by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via demethylation of FOXM1 mRNA, which increases its expression and stability. In sum, our study indicates that AKLBH5-induced m6A demethylation of FOXM1 mRNA promotes UM progression. Therefore, AKLBH5 is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in UM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiayang Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chaoxuan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Linxin Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jingxiang Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xu J, Wang K, Zhang Z, Xue D, Li W, Pan Z. The Role of Forkhead Box Family in Bone Metabolism and Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:772237. [PMID: 35153742 PMCID: PMC8832510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box (Fox) family, an evolutionarily conserved family of transcription factors carrying the "Forkhead" motif, plays an indispensable role in human health and disease. Fox family genes are involved in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, embryonic development, aging, glucose and lipid metabolism, and immune regulation. The regulatory role of the Fox family in the context of bone metabolism and orthopedic diseases is an emerging research hotspot. In this review, we highlight the major molecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory role of Fox factors in bone metabolism, bone development, bone homeostasis, and bone diseases associated with inhibition or upregulation of Fox factors. In addition, we discuss the emerging evidence in the realm of Fox factor-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kanbin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Zengjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deting Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Deting Xue, ; Weixu Li, ; Zhijun Pan,
| | - Weixu Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Deting Xue, ; Weixu Li, ; Zhijun Pan,
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Deting Xue, ; Weixu Li, ; Zhijun Pan,
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Woischke C, Jung P, Jung A, Kumbrink J, Eisenlohr S, Auernhammer CJ, Vieth M, Kirchner T, Neumann J. Mixed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the colon: detailed molecular characterisation of two cases indicates a distinct colorectal cancer entity. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 7:75-85. [PMID: 33197299 PMCID: PMC7737761 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present two rare cases of mixed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the colon. A literature search revealed only three published cases with similar histology but none of these reports provided profound molecular and mutational analyses. Our two cases exhibited a distinct, colon-like immunophenotype with strong nuclear CDX2 and β-catenin expression in more than 90% of the tumour cells of both components. We analysed the two carcinomas regarding microsatellite stability, RAS, BRAF and PD-L1 status. In addition, next-generation panel sequencing with Ion AmpliSeq™ Cancer Hotspot Panel v2 was performed. This approach revealed mutations in FBXW7, CTNNB1 and PIK3CA in the first case and FBXW7 and RB1 mutations in the second case. We looked for similar mutational patterns in three publicly available colorectal adenocarcinoma data sets, as well as in collections of colorectal mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) and colorectal neuroendocrine carcinomas. This approach indicated that the FBXW7 point mutation, without being accompanied by classical adenoma-carcinoma sequence mutations, such as APC, KRAS and TP53, likely occurs at a relatively high frequency in mixed neuroendocrine and squamous cell carcinoma and therefore may be characteristic for this rare tumour type. FBXW7 codifies the substrate recognition element of an ubiquitin ligase, and inactivating FBXW7 mutations lead to an exceptional accumulation of its target β-catenin which results in overactivation of the Wnt-signalling pathway. In line with previously described hypotheses of de-differentiation of colon cells by enhanced Wnt-signalling, our data indicate a crucial role for mutant FBXW7 in the unusual morphological switch that determines these rare neoplasms. Therefore, mixed large cell neuroendocrine and a squamous cell carcinoma can be considered as a distinct carcinoma entity in the colon, defined by morphology, immunophenotype and distinct molecular genetic alteration(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Woischke
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Jung
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jung
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kumbrink
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Josef Auernhammer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik 4, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System (GEPNET-KUM), Klinikum der Universität München (KUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Neumann
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Coelho BP, Fernandes CFDL, Boccacino JM, Souza MCDS, Melo-Escobar MI, Alves RN, Prado MB, Iglesia RP, Cangiano G, Mazzaro GLR, Lopes MH. Multifaceted WNT Signaling at the Crossroads Between Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Autophagy in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:597743. [PMID: 33312955 PMCID: PMC7706883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.597743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells can employ epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or autophagy in reaction to microenvironmental stress. Importantly, EMT and autophagy negatively regulate each other, are able to interconvert, and both have been shown to contribute to drug-resistance in glioblastoma (GBM). EMT has been considered one of the mechanisms that confer invasive properties to GBM cells. Autophagy, on the other hand, may show dual roles as either a GBM-promoter or GBM-suppressor, depending on microenvironmental cues. The Wingless (WNT) signaling pathway regulates a plethora of developmental and biological processes such as cellular proliferation, adhesion and motility. As such, GBM demonstrates deregulation of WNT signaling in favor of tumor initiation, proliferation and invasion. In EMT, WNT signaling promotes induction and stabilization of different EMT activators. WNT activity also represses autophagy, while nutrient deprivation induces β-catenin degradation via autophagic machinery. Due to the importance of the WNT pathway to GBM, and the role of WNT signaling in EMT and autophagy, in this review we highlight the effects of the WNT signaling in the regulation of both processes in GBM, and discuss how the crosstalk between EMT and autophagy may ultimately affect tumor biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Paranhos Coelho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Felix de Lima Fernandes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Marcia Boccacino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara da Silva Souza
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melo-Escobar
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nunes Alves
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Brandão Prado
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Piatniczka Iglesia
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Cangiano
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giulia La Rocca Mazzaro
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilene Hohmuth Lopes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
FAM188B Expression Is Critical for Cell Growth via FOXM1 Regulation in Lung Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110465. [PMID: 33142744 PMCID: PMC7693245 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although family with sequence similarity 188 member B (FAM188B) is known to be a member of a novel putative deubiquitinase family, its biological role has not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate the oncogenic function of FAM188B via regulation of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), another oncogenic transcription factor, in lung cancer cells. FAM188B knockdown induced the inhibition of cell growth along with the downregulation of mRNA and protein levels of FOXM1. FAM188B knockdown also resulted in downregulation of Survivin and cell cycle-related proteins, which are direct targets of FOXM1. Interestingly, FOXM1 co-immunoprecipitated with FAM188B, and the levels of FOXM1 ubiquitination increased with FAM188B knockdown but decreased with FAM188B overexpression. In addition, in vivo xenograft of FAM188B siRNA (siFAM188B) RNA-treated cells resulted in the retardation of tumor growth compared with that in the control. Furthermore, protein levels of FAM188B and FOXM1 were elevated in the human lung cancer tissues, and FAM188B expression was negatively correlated with the overall survival of lung cancer patients. These results indicate that FAM188B exerts its oncogenic effects by regulating FOXM1 deubiquitination and thus its stability. Therefore, FAM188B might be a potential therapeutic target to control lung cancer progression.
Collapse
|
41
|
Bian J, Dannappel M, Wan C, Firestein R. Transcriptional Regulation of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092125. [PMID: 32961708 PMCID: PMC7564852 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway exerts integral roles in embryogenesis and adult homeostasis. Aberrant activation of the pathway is implicated in growth-associated diseases and cancers, especially as a key driver in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Loss or inactivation of Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) results in constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is considered as an initiating event in the development of CRC. Increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling is observed in virtually all CRC patients, underscoring the importance of this pathway for therapeutic intervention. Prior studies have deciphered the regulatory networks required for the cytoplasmic stabilisation or degradation of the Wnt pathway effector, β-catenin. However, the mechanism whereby nuclear β-catenin drives or inhibits expression of Wnt target genes is more diverse and less well characterised. Here, we describe a brief synopsis of the core canonical Wnt pathway components, set the spotlight on nuclear mediators and highlight the emerging role of chromatin regulators as modulators of β-catenin-dependent transcription activity and oncogenic output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Bian
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Marius Dannappel
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Chunhua Wan
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ron Firestein
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Moparthi L, Koch S. A uniform expression library for the exploration of FOX transcription factor biology. Differentiation 2020; 115:30-36. [PMID: 32858261 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) family transcription factors play essential roles in development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. Although the biology of several FOX proteins has been studied in depth, it is unclear to what extent these findings apply to even closely related family members, which frequently exert overlapping but non-redundant functions. To help address this question, we have generated a uniform, ready-to-use expression library of all 44 human FOX transcription factors with a convenient peptide tag for parallel screening assays. In addition, we have generated multiple universal forkhead box reporter plasmids, which can be used to monitor the transcriptional activity of most FOX proteins with high fidelity. As a proof-of-principle, we use our plasmid library to identify the DNA repair protein XRCC6/Ku70 as a selective FOX interaction partner and regulator of FOX transcriptional activity. We believe that these tools, which we make available via the Addgene plasmid repository, will considerably expedite the investigation of FOX protein biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Moparthi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Stefan Koch
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sinha S, Dwivedi N, Woodgett J, Tao S, Howard C, Fields TA, Jamadar A, Rao R. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibits tubular regeneration in acute kidney injury by a FoxM1-dependent mechanism. FASEB J 2020; 34:13597-13608. [PMID: 32813289 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000526rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by injury to the tubular epithelium that leads to the sudden loss of renal function. Proper tubular regeneration is essential to prevent progression to chronic kidney disease. In this study, we examined the role of FoxM1, a forkhead box family member transcription factor in tubular repair after AKI. Renal FoxM1 expression increased after renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI in mouse kidneys. Treatment with thiostrepton, a FoxM1 inhibitor, reduced FoxM1 regulated pro-proliferative factors and cell proliferation in vitro, and tubular regeneration in mouse kidneys after AKI. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) was found to be an upstream regulator of FoxM1 because GSK3 inhibition or renal tubular GSK3β gene deletion significantly increased FoxM1 expression, and improved tubular repair and renal function. GSK3 inactivation increased β-catenin, Cyclin D1, and c-Myc, and reduced cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27. Importantly, thiostrepton treatment abolished the improved tubular repair in GSK3β knockout mice following AKI. These results demonstrate that FoxM1 is important for renal tubular regeneration following AKI and that GSK3β suppresses tubular repair by inhibiting FoxM1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sinha
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Nidhi Dwivedi
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - James Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shixin Tao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Christianna Howard
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Timothy A Fields
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Abeda Jamadar
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Reena Rao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
As a unique subpopulation of cancer cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) acquire the resistance to conventional therapies and appear to be the prime cause of cancer recurrence. Like their normal counterparts, CSCs can renew themselves and generate differentiated progenies. Cancer stem cells are distinguished among heterogenous cancer cells by molecular markers and their capacity of efficiently forming new tumors composed of diverse and heterogenous cancer cells. Tumor heterogeneity can be inter- or intra-tumor, molecularly resulting from the accumulation of genetic and non-genetic alterations. Non-genetic alterations are mainly changes on epigenetic modifications of DNA and histone, and chromatin remodeling. As tumor-initiating cells and contributing to the tumor heterogeneity in the brain, glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) attract extensive research interests. Epigenetic modifications confer on tumor cells including CSCs reversible and inheritable genomic changes and affect gene expression without alteration in DNA sequence. Here, we will review recent advances in histone demethylation, DNA methylation, RNA methylation and ubiquitination in glioblastomas and their impacts on tumorigenesis with a focus on CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kezhou Zhu
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Victoria Xie
- M.D. Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Suyun Huang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nam S, Cho KO. Wingless and Archipelago, a fly E3 ubiquitin ligase and a homolog of human tumor suppressor FBW7, show an antagonistic relationship in wing development. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2020; 20:14. [PMID: 32594913 PMCID: PMC7322864 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-020-00217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Archipelago (Ago) is a Drosophila homolog of mammalian F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBW7, also known as FBXW7). In previous studies, FBW7 has been addressed as a tumor suppressor mediating ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of several oncogenic proteins. Ubiquitination is a type of protein modification that directs protein for degradation as well as sorting. The level of beta-catenin (β-cat), an intracellular signal transducer in Wnt signaling pathway, is reduced upon overexpression of FBW7 in human cancer cell lines. Loss of function mutations in FBW7 and overactive Wnt signaling have been reported to be responsible for human cancers. RESULTS We found that Ago is important for the formation of shafts in chemosensory bristles at wing margin. This loss of shaft phenotype by knockdown of ago was rescued by knockdown of wingless (wg) whereas wing notching phenotype by knockdown of wg was rescued by knockdown of ago, establishing an antagonistic relationship between ago and wg. In line with this finding, knockdown of ago increased the level of Armadillo (Arm), a homolog of β-cat, in Drosophila tissue. Furthermore, knockdown of ago increased the level of Distal-less (Dll) and extracellular Wg in wing discs. In S2 cells, the amount of secreted Wg was increased by knockdown of Ago but decreased by Ago overexpression. Therefore, Ago plays a previously unidentified role in the inhibition of Wg secretion. Ago-overexpressing clones in wing discs exhibited accumulation of Wg in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), suggesting that Ago prevents Wg protein from moving to Golgi from ER. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that Ago plays dual roles in inhibiting Wg signaling. First, Ago decreases the level of Arm, by which Wg signaling is downregulated in Wg-responding cells. Second, Ago decreases the level of extracellular Wg by inhibiting movement of Wg from ER to Golgi in Wg-producing cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ok Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang X, Luo Y, Li Q. TMED3 Promotes Proliferation and Migration in Breast Cancer Cells by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5819-5830. [PMID: 32606792 PMCID: PMC7311187 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Evidence describing TMED3 in the context of breast cancer is scarce, and the effect of TMED3 on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer has not been reported. The objective of this study was to determine the potential physiological functions and molecular mechanisms of TMED3 in breast cancer. Materials and Methods Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to analyze the expression of TMED3 mRNA and protein in 182 paraffin-embedded primary breast cancer tissues and 60 paired noncancerous tissues and 25 fresh primary breast cancer tissues and surrounding adjacent noncancerous tissues. Associations between TMED3 expression and clinicopathologic factors or overall survival were determined. The effects of overexpression or knockdown of TMED3 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression in breast cancer cell lines were investigated with the Cell Counting Kit-8, clone formation assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of cell cycle, migration-related, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling proteins. Results The expression of TMED3 mRNA and protein were significantly increased in breast cancer tissues and cell lines compared to normal controls. TMED3 upregulation was significantly correlated with clinicopathologic characteristics and predicted poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. TMED3 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression compared to controls in breast cancer cell lines. TMED3 knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression compared to controls in breast cancer cell lines. TMED3 promoted proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by a mechanism that involved Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Conclusion TMED3 behaves as an oncogene that promotes the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by a mechanism that involved Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Strategies targeting TMED3 have potential therapeutic implications for patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalan Luo
- Department of Abdominal Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchang Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Franco S, Stranz A, Ljumani F, Urabe G, Chaudhary M, Stewart D, Pilli VS, Kelly M, Yamanouchi D, Kent KC, Liu B. Role of FOXM1 in vascular smooth muscle cell survival and neointima formation following vascular injury. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04028. [PMID: 32577545 PMCID: PMC7303564 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accelerated smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation is the primary cause of intimal hyperplasia (IH) following vascular interventions. Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) is considered a proliferation-associated transcription factor. However, the presence and role of FOXM1 in IH following vascular injury have not been determined. Objective We examined the expression of FOXM1 in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries and investigated the effect of FOXM1 inhibition in SMCs and on the development of IH. Methods and results FOXM1 was detected by immunofluorescent staining in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries where we observed an upregulation at day 7, 14, and 28 compared to uninjured controls. Immunofluorescence staining revealed FOXM1 coincided with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). FOXM1 was also detectable in human carotid plaque samples. Western blot showed an upregulation of FOXM1 protein in serum-stimulated SMCs. Inhibition of FOXM1 using siRNA or chemical inhibition led to the induction of apoptosis as measured by flow cytometry and western blot for cleaved caspase 3. Perturbations in survival signaling were measured by western blot following FOXM1 inhibition, which showed a decrease in phosphorylated AKT and β-catenin. The chemical inhibitor thiostrepton was delivered by intraperitoneal injection in rats that underwent balloon injury and led to reduced intimal thickening compared to DMSO controls. Conclusions FOXM1 is an important molecular mediator of IH that contributes to the proliferation and survival of SMCs following vascular injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Franco
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Amelia Stranz
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Fiona Ljumani
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Go Urabe
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mirnal Chaudhary
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Danielle Stewart
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Vijaya Satish Pilli
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Matthew Kelly
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Dai Yamanouchi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - K Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Cellular and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
FOXM1 Deubiquitination by USP21 Regulates Cell Cycle Progression and Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Basal-like Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 26:3076-3086.e6. [PMID: 30865895 PMCID: PMC6425951 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor FOXM1 contributes to cell cycle progression and is significantly upregulated in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC). Despite its importance in normal and cancer cell cycles, we lack a complete understanding of mechanisms that regulate FOXM1. We identified USP21 in an RNAi-based screen for deubiquitinases that control FOXM1 abundance. USP21 increases the stability of FOXM1, and USP21 binds and deubiquitinates FOXM1 in vivo and in vitro, indicating a direct enzyme-substrate relationship. Depleting USP21 downregulates the FOXM1 transcriptional network and causes a signifi-cant delay in cell cycle progression. Significantly, USP21 depletion sensitized BLBC cell lines and mouse xenograft tumors to paclitaxel, an anti-mitotic, frontline therapy in BLBC treatment. USP21 is the most frequently amplified deubiquitinase in BLBC patient tumors, and its amplification co-occurs with the upregulation of FOXM1 protein. Altogether, these data suggest a role for USP21 in the proliferation and potentially treatment of FOXM1-high, USP21-high BLBC. The cell cycle transcription factor FOXM1 is activated in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) and associated with therapeutic resistance and poor patient outcomes. Arceci et al. show USP21 antagonizes FOXM1 degradation, thereby promoting proliferation and paclitaxel resistance. USP21 is catalytically active and recurrently overexpressed in BLBC, representing a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
49
|
A Cdh1-FoxM1-Apc axis controls muscle development and regeneration. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:180. [PMID: 32152291 PMCID: PMC7062904 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2375-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) transcriptional factor has a principal role in regulating cell proliferation, self-renewal, and tumorigenesis. However, whether FoxM1 regulates endogenous muscle development and regeneration remains unclear. Here we found that loss of FoxM1 in muscle satellite cells (SCs) resulted in muscle atrophy and defective muscle regeneration. FoxM1 functioned as a direct transcription activator of adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc), preventing hyperactivation of wnt/β-catenin signaling during muscle regeneration. FoxM1 overexpression in SCs promoted myogenesis but impaired muscle regeneration as a result of spontaneous activation and exhaustion of SCs by transcriptional regulation of Cyclin B1 (Ccnb1). The E3 ubiquitin ligase Cdh1 (also termed Fzr1) was required for FoxM1 ubiquitylation and subsequent degradation. Loss of Cdh1 promoted quiescent SCs to enter into the cell cycle and the SC pool was depleted by serial muscle injuries. Haploinsufficiency of FoxM1 ameliorated muscle regeneration of Cdh1 knock-out mice. These data demonstrate that the Cdh1–FoxM1–Apc axis functions as a key regulator of muscle development and regeneration.
Collapse
|
50
|
Yumimoto K, Nakayama KI. Recent insight into the role of FBXW7 as a tumor suppressor. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:1-15. [PMID: 32113998 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
FBXW7 (also known as Fbw7, Sel10, hCDC4, or hAgo) is a tumor suppressor and the most frequently mutated member of the F-box protein family in human cancers. FBXW7 functions as the substrate recognition component of an SCF-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. It specifically controls the proteasome-mediated degradation of many oncoproteins such as c-MYC, NOTCH, KLF5, cyclin E, c-JUN, and MCL1. In this review, we summarize the molecular and biological features of FBXW7 and its substrates as well as the impact of mutations of FBXW7 on cancer development. We also address the clinical potential of anticancer therapy targeting FBXW7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Yumimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|