|
1
|
Ma L, Han T, Zhan YA. Mechanism and role of mitophagy in the development of severe infection. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:88. [PMID: 38374038 PMCID: PMC10876966 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate and potentially contribute to proinflammatory responses and cell death. Mitophagy, as a conservative phenomenon, scavenges waste mitochondria and their components in the cell. Recent studies suggest that severe infections develop alongside mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy abnormalities. Restoring mitophagy protects against excessive inflammation and multiple organ failure in sepsis. Here, we review the normal mitophagy process, its interaction with invading microorganisms and the immune system, and summarize the mechanism of mitophagy dysfunction during severe infection. We highlight critical role of normal mitophagy in preventing severe infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixiu Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianyu Han
- Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-An Zhan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Luo L, Xu X, Wu J, Wang F, Lu Y, Zhang N, Ding Y, Lu B, Zhao K. Acetylation is required for full activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8396. [PMID: 38110429 PMCID: PMC10728138 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Full activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome needs two sequential signals: a priming signal, followed by a second, assembly signal. Several studies have shown that the two signals trigger post-translational modification (PTM) of NLRP3, affecting activity of the inflammasome, however, the PTMs induced by the second signal are less well characterized. Here, we show that the assembly signal involves acetylation of NLRP3 at lysine 24, which is important for the oligomerization and the actual assembly of NLRP3 without affecting its recruitment to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN). Accordingly, NLRP3 inflammasome activation is impaired in NLRP3-K24R knock-in mice. We identify KAT5 as an acetyltransferase able to acetylate NLRP3. KAT5 deficiency in myeloid cells and pharmacological inhibition of KAT5 enzymatic activity reduce activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our study reveals a key mechanism for the oligomerization and full activation of NLRP3 and lays down the proof of principle for therapeutic targeting of the KAT5-NLRP3 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yening Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Ling Luo
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Xueming Xu
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Fupeng Wang
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Ningjie Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Ding
- Department of Pathogen Biology, NavaMedical University, Shanghai, 200082, P. R. China
| | - Ben Lu
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|