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Fnu G, Hudock K, Powers-Fletcher M, Huang RP, Weber GF. Induction of a Cytokine Storm Involves Suppression of the Osteopontin-Dependent TH1 Response. Immunol Suppl 2022; 167:165-180. [PMID: 35752943 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine release syndromes represent a severe turn in certain disease states, which may be caused by several infections, including those with the virus SARS-CoV-2. This inefficient, even harmful, immune response has been associated with a broad release of chemokines. Although a cellular (type I) immune reaction is efficacious against viral infections, we noted a type I deficit in the cytokine patterns produced by cytokine storms of all reported etiologies. Agents including lipopolysaccharide (LPS, bacterial), anti-CD3 (antibody) and a version of the prominent SARS-CoV-2 viral surface molecule, Spike Glycoprotein, were individually sufficient to induce IL-6 and multiple chemokines in mice. They failed to upregulate the TH1 inducer cytokine Osteopontin, and the pathophysiologic triggers actually suppressed the PMA-induced Osteopontin secretion from monocytic cells. Osteopontin administration partially reversed the chemokine elevation, more effectively so in a mouse strain with TH1 bias. Corroboration was obtained from the inverse correlation in the levels of IL-6 and Osteopontin in plasma samples from acute COVID-19 patients. We hypothesize that the inhibition of Osteopontin by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein or LPS represents an immune evasion mechanism employed by the pathogens of origin. The ensuing dysfunctional inflammatory response promotes a vicious cycle of amplification, resulting in a cytokine storm. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulimirerouzi Fnu
- University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kristin Hudock
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine; Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | | | | | - Georg F Weber
- University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Khamissi FZ, Ning L, Kefaloyianni E, Dun H, Arthanarisami A, Keller A, Atkinson JJ, Li W, Wong B, Dietmann S, Lavine K, Kreisel D, Herrlich A. Identification of kidney injury released circulating osteopontin as causal agent of respiratory failure. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm5900. [PMID: 35213222 PMCID: PMC8880785 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue injury can drive secondary organ injury; however, mechanisms and mediators are not well understood. To identify interorgan cross-talk mediators, we used acute kidney injury (AKI)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) as a clinically important example. Using kidney and lung single-cell RNA sequencing after AKI in mice followed by ligand-receptor pairing analysis across organs, kidney ligands to lung receptors, we identify kidney-released circulating osteopontin (OPN) as a novel AKI-ALI mediator. OPN release from kidney tubule cells triggered lung endothelial leakage, inflammation, and respiratory failure. Pharmacological or genetic OPN inhibition prevented AKI-ALI. Transplantation of ischemic wt kidneys caused AKI-ALI, but not of ischemic OPN-global knockout kidneys, identifying kidney-released OPN as necessary interorgan signal to cause AKI-ALI. We show that OPN serum levels are elevated in patients with AKI and correlate with kidney injury. Our results demonstrate feasibility of using ligand-receptor analysis across organs to identify interorgan cross-talk mediators and may have important therapeutic implications in human AKI-ALI and multiorgan failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hao Dun
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Amy Keller
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Atkinson
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wenjun Li
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian Wong
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sabine Dietmann
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kory Lavine
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Reisner A, Blackwell LS, Sayeed I, Myers HE, Wali B, Heilman S, Figueroa J, Lu A, Hussaini L, Anderson EJ, Shane AL, Rostad CA. Osteopontin as a biomarker for COVID-19 severity and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A pilot study. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 247:145-151. [PMID: 34565198 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211046835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the candidacy of plasma osteopontin (OPN) as a biomarker of COVID-19 severity and multisystem inflammatory condition in children (MIS-C) in children. A retrospective analysis of 26 children (0-21 years of age) admitted to Children's Healthcare of Atlanta with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between March 17 and May 26, 2020 was undertaken. The patients were classified into three categories based on COVID-19 severity levels: asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic (control population, admitted for other non-COVID-19 conditions), mild/moderate, and severe COVID-19. A fourth category of children met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's case definition for MIS-C. Residual blood samples were analyzed for OPN, a marker of inflammation using commercial ELISA kits (R&D), and results were correlated with clinical data. This study demonstrates that OPN levels are significantly elevated in children hospitalized with moderate and severe COVID-19 and MIS-C compared to OPN levels in mild/asymptomatic children. Further, OPN differentiated among clinical levels of severity in COVID-19, while other inflammatory markers including maximum erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and ferritin, minimum lymphocyte and platelet counts, soluble interleukin-2R, and interleukin-6 did not. We conclude OPN is a potential biomarker of COVID-19 severity and MIS-C in children that may have future clinical utility. The specificity and positive predictive value of this marker for COVID-19 and MIS-C are areas for future larger prospective research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Reisner
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Laura S Blackwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Iqbal Sayeed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hannah E Myers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Bushra Wali
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Stacy Heilman
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Janet Figueroa
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Austin Lu
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Laila Hussaini
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Evan J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Medicine, 12239Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Andi L Shane
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Christina A Rostad
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
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Hayek SS, Roderburg C, Blakely P, Launius C, Eugen-Olsen J, Tacke F, Ktena S, Keitel V, Luedde M, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Luedde T, Loosen SH. Circulating Osteopontin Levels and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3907. [PMID: 34501358 PMCID: PMC8432103 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the result of a hyper-inflammatory reaction to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The biomarkers of inflammation have been used to risk-stratify patients with COVID-19. Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding glyco-phosphoprotein involved in the modulation of leukocyte activation; its levels are associated with worse outcomes in patients with sepsis. Whether OPN levels predict outcomes in COVID-19 is unknown. METHODS We measured OPN levels in serum of 341 hospitalized COVID-19 patients collected within 48 h from admission. We characterized the determinants of OPN levels and examined their association with in-hospital outcomes; notably death, need for mechanical ventilation, and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and as a composite outcome. The risk discrimination ability of OPN was compared with other inflammatory biomarkers. RESULTS Patients with COVID-19 (mean age 60, 61.9% male, 27.0% blacks) had significantly higher levels of serum OPN compared to healthy volunteers (96.63 vs. 16.56 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Overall, 104 patients required mechanical ventilation, 35 needed dialysis, and 53 died during their hospitalization. In multivariable analyses, OPN levels ≥140.66 ng/mL (third tertile) were associated with a 3.5 × (95%CI 1.44-8.27) increase in the odds of death, and 4.9 × (95%CI 2.48-9.80) increase in the odds of requiring mechanical ventilation. There was no association between OPN and need for RRT. Finally, OPN levels in the upper tertile turned out as an independent prognostic factor of event-free survival with respect to the composite endpoint. CONCLUSION Higher OPN levels are associated with increased odds of death and mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19, however, their utility in triage is questionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim S. Hayek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (P.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.R.); (V.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Pennelope Blakely
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (P.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Christopher Launius
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (P.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Jesper Eugen-Olsen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark;
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sofia Ktena
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medial School, 12462 Athens, Greece; (S.K.); (E.J.G.-B.)
| | - Verena Keitel
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.R.); (V.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Mark Luedde
- KGP Bremerhaven, Postbrookstraße 103, 27574 Bremerhaven, Germany;
| | - Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medial School, 12462 Athens, Greece; (S.K.); (E.J.G.-B.)
| | - Tom Luedde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.R.); (V.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Sven H. Loosen
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.R.); (V.K.); (S.H.L.)
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Cappellano G, Abreu H, Raineri D, Scotti L, Castello L, Vaschetto R, Chiocchetti A. High levels of circulating osteopontin in inflammatory lung disease regardless of Sars-CoV-2 infection. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e14124. [PMID: 33787012 PMCID: PMC8103078 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Hugo Abreu
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Raineri
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Lorenza Scotti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Luigi Castello
- Department of Translational Medicine, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Emergency Department, "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Rosanna Vaschetto
- Department of Translational Medicine, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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