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Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041201. [PMID: 32344627 PMCID: PMC7231070 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue programming could be developed in very preterm infants with extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR), with an adverse impact on long-term metabolic status, as was studied in intrauterine growth restriction patterns. The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the difference in levels of plasma adipokines in children with a history of EUGR. A total of 211 school age prepubertal children were examined: 38 with a history of prematurity and EUGR (EUGR), 50 with a history of prematurity with adequate growth (PREM), and 123 healthy children born at term. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, metabolic markers and adipokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin) were measured. Children with a history of EUGR showed lower values of adiponectin (μg/mL) compared with the other two groups: (EUGR: 10.6 vs. PREM: 17.7, p < 0.001; vs. CONTROL: 25.7, p = 0.004) and higher levels of resistin (ng/mL) (EUGR: 19.2 vs. PREM: 16.3, p =0.007; vs. CONTROL: 7.1, p < 0.001. The PREM group showed the highest values of leptin (ng/mL), compared with the others: PREM: 4.9 vs. EUGR: 2.1, p = 0.048; vs. CONTROL: 3.2, p = 0.029). In conclusion, EUGR in premature children could lead to a distinctive adipokines profile, likely associated with an early programming of the adipose tissue, and likely to increase the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life.
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Kistner A. Does low birthweight matter? Acta Paediatr 2020; 109:228-230. [PMID: 31746022 PMCID: PMC7004169 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kistner
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Imaging and Physiology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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Markopoulou P, Papanikolaou E, Analytis A, Zoumakis E, Siahanidou T. Preterm Birth as a Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease in Adult Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pediatr 2019; 210:69-80.e5. [PMID: 30992219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if preterm birth is associated with components of the metabolic syndrome in adult life. STUDY DESIGN A structured literature search was performed using PubMed. All comparative studies reported metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in adults (≥18 years of age) born preterm (<37 weeks of gestation) compared with adults born at term (37-42 weeks of gestation) and published through March 2018 were included. The major outcomes assessed were body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 24-hour SBP, 24-hour DBP, endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, fasting glucose and insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment-Estimated Insulin Resistance Index, and lipid profiles. Quality appraisal was performed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A meta-analysis was performed for comparable studies which reported sufficient data. RESULTS Forty-three studies were included, including a combined total of 18 295 preterm and 294 063 term-born adults. Prematurity was associated with significantly higher fat mass (P = .03), SBP (P < .0001), DBP (P < .0001), 24-hour SBP (P < .001), and 24-hour DBP (P < .001). Furthermore, preterm-born adults presented higher values of fasting glucose (P = .01), insulin (P = .002), Homeostasis Model Assessment-Estimated Insulin Resistance Index (P = .05), and total cholesterol levels (P = .05) in comparison with adults born at term, in random effect models. No statistically significant difference was found between preterm and term-born adults for the other outcomes studied. CONCLUSIONS Preterm birth is strongly associated with a number of components of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Markopoulou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Papanikolaou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Analytis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Zoumakis
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Tania Siahanidou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Léniz A, Portillo MP, Fernández-Quintela A, Macarulla MT, Sarasua-Miranda A, Del Hoyo M, Díez-López I. Has the adipokine profile an influence on the catch-up growth type in small for gestational age infants? J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:311-319. [PMID: 31209795 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Infants born small for gestational age (SGA) are at increased risk of perinatal morbidity, persistent short stature, and metabolic alterations in later life. Moreover, the post-natal growth pattern of SGA infants may be an important contributor to health outcomes later in life, which can be influenced by adipokines. The aims of this study were to compare plasma adipokine profiles (leptin, adiponectin, vaspin, chemerin, and nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV/CCN3)) among SGA newborns aged 3 months, with low, normal, or high catch-up, to search for potential differences between males and females and to analyze the evolution of several adipokines in plasma from SGA newborns between 3 and 24 months. This prospective, longitudinal study was addressed in SGA Caucasian subjects at Hospital Universitario de Álava-Txagorritxu. We observed that infants with fast catch-up showed significantly lower birth weight than the other two groups. As far as adipokines are concerned, they could have an influence on catch-up type because differences among the three experimental groups were found. It may be proposed that health prognoses in infants with slow and fast catch-up are opposite, not only in adulthood but also during their first months. Finally, adipokine evolution patterns during the first 24 months of age differ, depending on the adipokine, and 24-month-old males show lower levels of leptin, adiponectin, and omentin than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Léniz
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,Araba Integrated Health Care Organization, Basque Health Service (Osakidetza), Vitoria, Spain
| | - M P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Vitoria, Spain.,Department Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain. .,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Vitoria, Spain. .,Department Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - M T Macarulla
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Vitoria, Spain.,Department Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - A Sarasua-Miranda
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, HU Araba Vitoria. Department of Pediatric, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - M Del Hoyo
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, HU Araba Vitoria. Department of Pediatric, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - I Díez-López
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, HU Araba Vitoria. Department of Pediatric, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
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Miles HL, Derraik JGB, Chiavaroli V, Hofman PL, Cutfield WS. Response to IGF-1 Generation Test in Short Prepubertal Children Born Very Preterm or at Term. Horm Res Paediatr 2016; 84:298-304. [PMID: 26347273 DOI: 10.1159/000439233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/1931] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether short children born very preterm (<32 weeks of gestation) exhibit features of growth hormone (GH) resistance compared to term peers. METHODS We studied 26 prepubertal children (aged 7.0 ± 2.0 years) with short stature (height adjusted for parents' heights <10th percentile), who were born appropriate for gestational age and either very preterm (n = 11) or at term (n = 15). Children underwent insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) generation test via a daily recombinant human GH (rhGH) dose (0.05 mg/kg/day) over 4 consecutive days. Hormone and binding proteins were measured at baseline and day 5. RESULTS At baseline, preterm children had lower IGF-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1; -22%; p = 0.049) and IGFBP-3 (-24%; p = 0.013) concentrations than term children. Preterm children also had insulin concentrations that tended to be 39% higher (p = 0.059) than term peers. After stimulation, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 concentrations increased similarly in term and preterm groups, while GH-binding protein (GHBP) concentrations decreased in both groups. Preterm children had higher GHBP (+50%; p = 0.049), insulin (+86%; p = 0.005), and leptin (+107%; p = 0.020) but lower IGFBP-1 (-47%; p = 0.006) concentrations than term children following rhGH stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Preterm children who are short for genetic height potential show no evidence of GH resistance that would explain their short stature. However, there was indirect evidence of insulin resistance in the preterm children, as previously described in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet L Miles
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Kistner A, Deschmann E, Legnevall L, Vanpee M. Preterm born 9-year-olds have elevated IGF-1 and low prolactin, but levels vary with behavioural and eating disorders. Acta Paediatr 2014; 103:1198-205. [PMID: 25040495 PMCID: PMC4480651 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study examined the relationship between hypothalamic-associated hormones and behavioural and eating disorders in children with low birthweight. METHODS We included 100 children (mean age 9.7 years): 39 were born preterm at <32 gestational weeks, 28 were full-term, but small for gestational age, and 33 were full-term controls. Behavioural histories were analysed, together with fasting blood samples of leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I), prolactin, glucagon and cortisol. RESULTS Preterm children had lower prolactin (p = 0.01) and higher IGF-I than controls (p < 0.05, adjusted for confounders), despite being significantly shorter than the predicted target height (p < 0.001). More preterm children displayed behavioural disorders (38% versus 10%, p < 0.001) and eating disorders (26% versus 8%, p < 0.05) than full-term children. These disorders were associated with lower leptin (p < 0.01), insulin (p < 0.05) and IGF-I (p < 0.05), but correlations between these hormones and leptin were similar among the groups. Combined behavioural and eating disorders were only observed in preterm children, who were also the shortest in height. CONCLUSION Behavioural and eating disorders among preterm children were associated with low leptin, insulin and IGF-1. Low prolactin in all preterm children indicated an increased dopaminergic tonus, which might inhibit body weight incrementation. This raises speculation about IGF-I receptor insensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kistner
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- The Sahlgrenska Center for Pediatric Ophthalmology Research Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - E Deschmann
- Division of Newborn Medicine Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
- Department of Women and Child Health Karolinska Institutet, Neonatal Unit, Astrid Lindgrens Childrens Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - L Legnevall
- Department of Women and Child Health Karolinska Institutet, Neonatal Unit, Astrid Lindgrens Childrens Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - M Vanpee
- Department of Women and Child Health Karolinska Institutet, Neonatal Unit, Astrid Lindgrens Childrens Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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