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Tetsuka M, Tanakadate M. Activation of HSD11B1 in the bovine cumulus-oocyte complex during IVM and IVF. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:1029-1039. [PMID: 31252401 PMCID: PMC6652248 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The bovine cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) is capable of converting cortisone, an inert glucocorticoid to active cortisol. This mechanism is mediated by 11β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase type 1 (HSD11B1), whose expression dramatically increases in the mature COC. In this study, we investigate the time course expression of HSD11B1 and the enzyme activity in the bovine COC undergoing maturation and fertilization in relation to key events taking place in the COC. Bovine COCs were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) and fertilization (IVF). The activities of HSD11B1 and HSD11B2, which mediates the opposite reaction, were measured using a radiometric conversion assay. In parallel studies, cumulus expansion, P4 production and the expression of genes associated with ovulation were measured. The reductive activity of HSD11B1 increased in the latter half of IVM and remained high during IVF, whereas the oxidative activity of HSD11B2 remained unchanged over both periods. Consequently, the net glucocorticoid metabolism in the bovine COC shifted from inactivation to activation around the time of ovulation and fertilization. The increase in HSD11B1 expression lagged behind that of P4 increase and cumulus expansion but ahead of the expressions of genes responsible for PGE2 synthesis. The reductive activity of HSD11B1 was well correlated with the cumulus expansion rate. This outcome indicates that the ability of the cumulus to activate glucocorticoids is related to its ability to synthesize hyaluronan. These results also indicate that the activation of HSD11B1 is an integral part of the sequential events taking place at the ovulation and fertilization in the bovine COC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Tetsuka
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Tetsuka:
| | - Misato Tanakadate
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
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Huang Q, Luo L, Alamdar A, Zhang J, Liu L, Tian M, Eqani SAMAS, Shen H. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of rat testis: Mechanism of arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32518. [PMID: 27585557 PMCID: PMC5009432 DOI: 10.1038/srep32518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a widespread metalloid in environment, whose exposure has been associated with a broad spectrum of toxic effects. However, a global view of arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity is still lack, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Our results revealed that arsenic exposure decreased testosterone level and reduced sperm quality in rats. By conducting an integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis, the present study aims to investigate the global influence of arsenic exposure on the proteome and metabolome in rat testis. The abundance of 70 proteins (36 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated) and 13 metabolites (8 increased and 5 decreased) were found to be significantly altered by arsenic treatment. Among these, 19 proteins and 2 metabolites were specifically related to male reproductive system development and function, including spermatogenesis, sperm function and fertilization, fertility, internal genitalia development, and mating behavior. It is further proposed that arsenic mainly impaired spermatogenesis and fertilization via aberrant modulation of these male reproduction-related proteins and metabolites, which may be mediated by the ERK/AKT/NF-κB-dependent signaling pathway. Overall, these findings will aid our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity, and from such studies useful biomarkers indicative of arsenic exposure could be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China.,Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, PR China
| | - Lianzhong Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361008, PR China
| | - Ambreen Alamdar
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Liangpo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Meiping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | | | - Heqing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
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Witorsch RJ. Effects of elevated glucocorticoids on reproduction and development: relevance to endocrine disruptor screening. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 46:420-36. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2016.1140718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Vitku J, Starka L, Bicikova M, Hill M, Heracek J, Sosvorova L, Hampl R. Endocrine disruptors and other inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and 2: Tissue-specific consequences of enzyme inhibition. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 155:207-16. [PMID: 25066675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Numerous chemicals in the environment have the ability to interact with the endocrine system. These compounds are called endocrine disruptors (EDs). Exposure to EDs represents one of the hypotheses for decreasing fertility, the increased risk of numerous cancers and obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. There are various mechanisms of ED action, one of which is their interference in the action of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) that maintains a balance between active and inactive glucocorticoids on the intracellular level. This enzyme has two isoforms and is expressed in various tissues. Inhibition of 11βHSD in various tissues can have different consequences. In the case of EDs, the results of exposure are mainly adverse; on the other hand pharmaceutically developed inhibitors of 11βHSD type 1 are evaluated as an option for treating metabolic syndrome, as well as related diseases and depressive disorders. This review focuses on the effects of 11βHSD inhibitors in the testis, colon, adipose tissue, kidney, brain and placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Vitku
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Luboslav Starka
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Bicikova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hill
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Heracek
- Charles University, Third Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Department of Urology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Sosvorova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Hampl
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Prague, Czech Republic
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Silva EJR, Vendramini V, Restelli A, Bertolla RP, Kempinas WG, Avellar MCW. Impact of adrenalectomy and dexamethasone treatment on testicular morphology and sperm parameters in rats: insights into the adrenal control of male reproduction. Andrology 2014; 2:835-46. [PMID: 24925687 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigated the hypothesis that normal levels of glucocorticoids, a class of adrenal steroid hormones, are required for normal testicular and epididymal functions. We examined the effects of the manipulation of glucocorticoid plasma levels by bilateral adrenalectomy (1, 2, 7 and 15 days) alone or in combination with daily treatment with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX; 5 μg/kg, i.p., 6 days) on the morphology of the testis and sperm parameters in rats. We showed that adrenalectomy led to a reduction in testicular sperm count and daily sperm production starting 2 days after surgery and a differential decrease in sperm count in the epididymis, according to the region and time post-adrenalectomy analysed. In parallel, testes from 7-day adrenalectomized (ADX) rats displayed a higher frequency of damaged seminiferous tubules and the presence of elongated spermatids retained in the basal epithelial compartment in stages IX-XVII, which is indicative of defective spermiation. The alkaline comet assay revealed a late effect of adrenalectomy on epididymal sperm DNA fragmentation, which was increased only 15 days after surgery. DEX treatment prevented the changes in testicular and epididymal sperm count observed in 7-day ADX rats, but failed to protect the testis from ADX-induced morphological abnormalities. Thus, our results indicated that glucocorticoids may be involved in events related to the maintenance of spermatogenesis and sperm maturation during adulthood. These findings provide new insights into the importance of adrenal steroids to male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J R Silva
- Section of Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
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Evidence for expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type3 (HSD11B3/HSD11B1L) in neonatal pig testis. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 381:145-56. [PMID: 23881245 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD11B) catalyzes the interconversion between active and inactive glucocorticoid, and is known to exist as two distinct isozymes: HSD11B1 and HSD11B2. A third HSD11B isozyme, HSD11B1L (SCDR10b), has recently been identified. Human HSD11B1L, which was characterized as a unidirectional NADP(+)-dependent cortisol dehydrogenase, appears to be specifically expressed in the brain. We previously reported that HSD11B1 and abundant HSD11B2 isozymes are expressed in neonatal pig testis and the Km for cortisol of NADP(+)-dependent dehydrogenase activity of testicular microsomes obviously differs from the same activity catalyzed by HSD11B1 from pig liver microsomes. Therefore, we hypothesized that the neonatal pig testis also expresses the third type of HSD11B isozyme, and we herein examined further evidence regarding the expression of HSD11B1L. (1) The inhibitory effects of gossypol and glycyrrhetinic acid on pig testicular microsomal NADP(+)-dependent cortisol dehydrogenase activity was clearly different from that of pig liver microsomes. (2) A highly conserved human HSD11B1L sequence was observed by RT-PCR in a pig testicular cDNA library. (3) mRNA, which contains the amplified sequence, was evaluated by real-time PCR and was most strongly expressed in pig brain, and at almost the same levels in the kidney as in the testis, but at lower levels in the liver. Based on these results, neonatal pig testis appears to express glycyrrhetinic acid-resistant HSD11B1L as a third HSD11B isozyme, and it may play a physiologically important role in cooperation with the abundantly expressed HSD11B2 isozyme in order to prevent Leydig cell apoptosis or GC-mediated suppression of testosterone production induced by high concentrations of activated GC in neonatal pig testis.
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Cabrera-Sharp V, Mirczuk SM, Shervill E, Michael AE, Fowkes RC. Regulation of glucocorticoid metabolism in the boar testis and caput epididymidis by the gonadotrophin-cAMP signalling pathway. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 352:751-60. [PMID: 23568656 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In target tissues, cortisol is metabolised by two 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) isoenzymes, namely 11βHSD1 and 11βHSD2, both of which are co-expressed in the boar testis and reproductive tract. The present study has assessed whether cortisol-cortisone metabolism in boar testis and caput epididymidis can be regulated via the gonadotrophin-cAMP signalling pathway. 11βHSD activities were measured by using a radiometric conversion assay in static tissue culture. In both testis and caput epididymidis, the net reduction of cortisone but not the net oxidation of cortisol, was significantly decreased by luteinising hormone (by 53 ± 20% and 45 ± 9%, respectively, P < 0.05), forskolin (by 60 ± 7% and 57 ± 9%, respectively, P < 0.01) and 8-bromo-cAMP (by 54 ± 4% and 64 ± 1%, respectively, P < 0.01). This suppression of 11-ketosteroid reductase activity in the boar testis by forskolin could be attenuated by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H89. Hence, within the boar testis and the caput epididymidis, the local actions of glucocorticoids are modulated by gonadotrophin-cAMP-PKA signalling via their selective effects on the reductase activity of 11βHSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Cabrera-Sharp
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK.
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Herrera-Luna CV, Budik S, Helmreich M, Walter I, Aurich C. Expression of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 and Glucocorticoid Receptors in Reproductive Tissue of Male Horses at Different Stages of Sexual Maturity. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:231-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gladstones GH, Burton PJ, Mark PJ, Waddell BJ, Roberts P. Immunolocalisation of 11β-HSD-1 and -2, glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptor and Na+ K+-ATPase during the postnatal development of the rat epididymis. J Anat 2012; 220:350-62. [PMID: 22414226 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01481.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have been implicated in male reproductive function and 11β-HSD-1 and -2, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), all of which are known to modulate glucocorticoid action, have been localised in the adult rat epididymis, but their developmental expression has not been investigated. Na(+)K(+)-ATPase activity, responsible for sodium transport, is induced by both mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids in the kidney and colon, and has been localised in epididymal epithelium. This study examined the immunolocalisation of 11β-HSD-1 and -2, GR, MR and Na(+)K(+)-ATPase in rat epididymal epithelium (n = 5) at postnatal days (pnd) 1, 7, 15, 28, 40, 60, 75 and 104, and relative mRNA expression of 11β-HSD-1 and -2, and GR at pre-puberty (pnd 28) and post-puberty (pnd 75). 11β-HSD-1, GR and MR were localised in the epididymal epithelium from pnd 1, and 11β-HSD-2 and Na(+)K(+)-ATPase reactivity from pnd 15. At pnd 28 there was maximal immunoreactivity for both the GR and MR and 11β-HSD-1 and -2. 11β-HSD-1 mRNA expression in the caput increased from pre- to post-puberty, whereas 11β-HSD-2 mRNA expression fell over the same period (P < 0.01). GR mRNA expression was similar at pre- and post-puberty in both caput and cauda. Developmental changes in expression of 11β-HSD-1 and -2 suggest that overall exposure of the epididymis to glucocorticoids increases post-puberty, but cell-specific expression of the 11β-HSD enzymes still provides a capacity for intricate local control of glucocorticoid exposure.
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Herrera-Luna CV, Budik S, Aurich C. Gene Expression of ACTH, Glucocorticoid Receptors, 11βHSD Enzymes, LH-, FSH-, GH Receptors and Aromatase in Equine Epididymal and Testicular Tissue. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47:928-35. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.01993.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Mukherjee S, James J, Thilaganathan B, Whitley G, Michael A, Cartwright J. Elevated glucocorticoid metabolism in placental tissue from first trimester pregnancies at increased risk of pre-eclampsia. Placenta 2011; 32:687-693. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Silva EJR, Queiróz DBC, Honda L, Avellar MCW. Glucocorticoid receptor in the rat epididymis: expression, cellular distribution and regulation by steroid hormones. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 325:64-77. [PMID: 20573576 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids regulate several physiological functions, including reproduction, in mammals. Curiously, little is known about glucocorticoid-induced effects on the epididymis, an androgen-dependent tissue with vital role on sperm maturation. Here, RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical studies were performed to evaluate expression, cellular distribution and hormonal regulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) along rat epididymis. The rat orthologue of human GRalpha (mRNA and protein) was detected in caput, corpus and cauda epididymis and immunolocalized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of different epididymal cells (epithelial, smooth muscle and interstitial cells) and nerve fibers. Changes in plasma glucocorticoid and androgen levels differentially regulated GR expression in caput and cauda epididymis by homologous and heterologous mechanisms. In vivo treatment with dexamethasone significantly changed the expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes and induced ligand-dependent GR nuclear translocation in epithelial cells from epididymis, indicating that GR is fully active in this tissue. Heterologous regulation of androgen receptor expression by glucocorticoids was also demonstrated in cauda epididymis. Our results demonstrate that the epididymis is under glucocorticoid regulation, opening new insights into the roles of this hormone in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick J R Silva
- Section of Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua 03 de maio 100, INFAR, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
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Sharp V, Thurston LM, Fowkes RC, Michael AE. Expression and activities of 11betaHSD enzymes in the testes and reproductive tracts of sexually immature male pigs. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2009; 115:98-106. [PMID: 19500728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In light of studies implicating glucocorticoids in the control of testicular steroidogenesis and/or spermatogenesis, the objective of this study was to characterise the expression and activities of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11betaHSD) enzymes in the testis and reproductive tract of the pre-pubertal pig. Although 11betaHSD1 and 11betaHSD2 mRNA transcripts and proteins were co-expressed in all regions of the reproductive tract, cortisol-cortisone inter-conversion was detectable in the testis, caput epididymidis and bulbourethral glands only. In homogenates of these 3 tissues, the apparent K(m) for NADP(+)- and NAD(+)-dependent 11beta-dehydrogenase activities ranged between 152-883 and 47-479 nmoll(-1), respectively. Irrespective of the pyridine nucleotide co-substrate, estimates of V(max) were consistently two orders of magnitude higher in the testis. Moreover, while, in each tissue, levels of cortisol oxidation were comparable in the presence of either NADP(+) or NAD(+), maximal rates of NAD(P)(+)-dependent cortisol oxidation were up to 33-fold greater than the V(max) for NADPH-dependent reduction of cortisone. We conclude that in the testis, caput epididymidis and bulbourethral gland of the immature pig, NADP(+)- and NAD(+)-dependent 11betaHSD enzymes catalyse net inactivation of cortisol, suggesting a physiological role for these enzymes in limiting local actions of glucocorticoids within these male reproductive tissues prior to puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sharp
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK.
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