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Funasaka N, Yoshioka M, Ueda K, Koga H, Yanagisawa M, Koga S, Tokutake K. Long-term monitoring of circulating progesterone and its relationship to peripheral white blood cells in female false killer whales Pseudorca crassidens. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1431-1437. [PMID: 30022778 PMCID: PMC6160874 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term monitoring of circulating progesterone levels in three captive female false killer whales, Pseudorca crassidens, was conducted to characterize their reproductive
events and to reveal the relationship between their estrous cycles or pregnancies and peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts. Blood samples were collected at 2–3-day intervals or on a
weekly-to-monthly basis for up to 10 years, from 2006 to 2017. In two mature females (initial body lengths of 4.22 and 4.07 m), some cyclic progesterone elevations were detected during the
study period; the estimated mean (± SE) estrous cycle length was 40.5 ± 0.7 days (n=12). The seasonality of ovulation, estimated from the elevation of progesterone levels, varied among
individuals or years, and ovulation did not occur every year. The third female (3.26 m) showed progesterone elevations, despite irregular cycles after sexual maturity, and became pregnant.
The progesterone levels during pregnancy ranged from 7.3 to 42.2 ng/ml, and the gestation period lasted for 14 months until parturition. The mean WBC counts
during estrous cycles were the lowest before the progesterone levels began to increase and then gradually increased toward the luteal phase. The WBC counts were significantly higher during
pregnancy than before and were particularly high in early pregnancy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the relationship between the estrous cycle or pregnancy and WBC
counts in cetaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Funasaka
- Cetacean Research Center, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Motoi Yoshioka
- Cetacean Research Center, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ueda
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Kunigami, Okinawa 905-0206, Japan
| | - Haruka Koga
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Kunigami, Okinawa 905-0206, Japan
| | - Makio Yanagisawa
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Kunigami, Okinawa 905-0206, Japan
| | - Sotaro Koga
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Kunigami, Okinawa 905-0206, Japan
| | - Kouji Tokutake
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Kunigami, Okinawa 905-0206, Japan
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Jordan HL, Register TC, Tripathi NK, Bolliger AP, Everds N, Zelmanovic D, Poitout F, Bounous DI, Wescott D, Ramaiah SK. Nontraditional Applications in Clinical Pathology. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 42:1058-68. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623314522109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Most published reviews of preclinical toxicological clinical pathology focus on the fundamental aspects of hematology, clinical chemistry, coagulation, and urinalysis in routine toxicology animal species, for example, rats, mice, dogs, and nonhuman primates. The objective of this continuing education course was to present and discuss contemporary examples of nonroutine applications of clinical pathology endpoints used in the drug development setting. Area experts discussed bone turnover markers of laboratory animal species, clinical pathology of pregnant and growing laboratory animals, clinical pathology of nonroutine laboratory animal species, and unique applications of the Siemens Advia® hematology analyzer. This article is a summary based on a presentation given at the 31st Annual Symposium of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology, during the Continuing Education Course titled “Nontraditional Applications of Clinical Pathology in Drug Discovery and Preclinical Toxicology.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly L. Jordan
- GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Florence Poitout
- Charles River Laboratories, Preclinical Services, Senneville, Quebec, Canada
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