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Idris N, Abduh MY, Noordin NM, Abol-Munafi AB, Koh ICC. Development of sperm cryopreservation protocol for patin buah, Pangasius nasutus. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104878. [PMID: 38431183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The development of sperm cryopreservation for Pangasius nasutus is necessary in order to serve the growing demand of this species through artificial fertilization and the preservation of valuable strains of male broodstocks. In the present study, the basic protocol of sperm cryopreservation for P. nasutus was established by identifying the optimal conditions for optimum cryoprotectant, toxicity of cryoprotectants, extenders, freezing condition and dilution ratio. Methanol (MeOH) at 10% concentration had the best post-thaw motility (26.3 ± 0.9%) and curvilinear velocity (VCL) compared to dimethyl acetamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. MeOH was the least toxic cryoprotectant; sperm suspended in 5 and 10% MeOH maintained motility up to 50 min. No significant differences were detected between the three types of extenders tested (0.9% sodium chloride, Calcium-free Hanks' Balance salt solution and ringer solution). P. nasutus sperm had a narrow range of optimal cooling rate. Significantly higher post-thaw motility was identified when cooling at 9.23 °C min-1, obtained by freezing at height of 14 cm above liquid nitrogen vapor for 7 min, showing lower cooling rate is suitable for this species. However, when cooling below and above the optimal cooling rate, post-thaw motility dropped drastically. There were no significant differences among the dilution ratios investigated, indicating the volume of cryodiluent at all tested ratios (1:9, 1:19 and 1:49) was sufficient for the protection of cells during the cryopreservation process. The development of the protocol for cryopreserved P. nasutus sperm will assist artificial seed production and provide an important tool for genetic and breeding research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurizzati Idris
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Yazed Abduh
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Noordiyana Mat Noordin
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Faculty of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Ivan Chong Chu Koh
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Faculty of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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The effect of two different experimental rearing temperatures on the quality and the large-scale cryopreservation of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) sperm. Theriogenology 2022; 185:127-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Herranz-Jusdado JG, Gallego V, Morini M, Rozenfeld C, Pérez L, Müller T, Horváth Á, Ohta H, Asturiano JF. Eel sperm cryopreservation: An overview. Theriogenology 2020; 133:210-215. [PMID: 31155036 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The eels are teleost fishes from the order Anguilliformes that includes several species with high commercial value. Due to the high interest for aquaculture production of some eel species and for the need to restore eel species that are endangered, several research groups have directed their research toward developing protocols to cryopreserve the spermatozoa of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla). In this review, we provide an overview on the different protocols that have been developed so far. The first developed protocols used DMSO as cryoprotectant in both species with good success, obtaining sperm motilities of over 45% in Japanese eel and over 35% in European eel. Moreover, sperm cryopreserved using DMSO was successfully used in fertilization trials, although with low fertilization rates. However, recent studies show that DMSO produce epigenetic changes in eel sperm and therefore, the last developed protocols used methanol as cryoprotectant instead. Cryopreservation protocols using methanol as cryoprotectant, showed improved motility values in both Japanese and European eel. In addition, the latest protocols have been adapted to cryopreserve larger volumes of sperm of up to 5 mL, which is useful for larger scale fertilization trials. The present study introduces the state of the art and future perspectives of the eel sperm cryopreservation to be applied in aquaculture and biological conservation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan German Herranz-Jusdado
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor Gallego
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Morini
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Christoffer Rozenfeld
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Luz Pérez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Tamás Müller
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, 2100, Gödöllő, Páter K. U. 1., Hungary
| | - Ákos Horváth
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, 2100, Gödöllő, Páter K. U. 1., Hungary
| | - Hiromi Ohta
- Department of Fisheries, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Juan F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Müller T, Matsubara H, Kubara Y, Horváth Á, Kolics B, Taller J, Stéger V, Kovács B, Horváth L, Asturiano JF, Peñaranda DS, Urbányi B. Testing cryopreserved European eel sperm for hybridization (A. japonica × A. anguilla). Theriogenology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Herranz-Jusdado JG, Kása E, Kollár T, Gallego V, Peñaranda DS, Rozenfeld C, Pérez L, Horváth Á, Asturiano JF. Handling and Treatment of Male European Eels (Anguilla anguilla) for Hormonal Maturation and Sperm Cryopreservation. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29443049 DOI: 10.3791/56835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last years, several research groups have been working on the development and improvement of new protocols for the European eel handling and maturation. As of yet, weekly injections of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) have proved to maturate males after just 5-6 weeks of treatment, producing high volumes of high-quality sperm during several weeks. In addition, sperm cryopreservation protocols using different extenders, cryoprotectants and cooling and thawing times have been previously described for European eel. Here, we show that Tanaka´s extender solution can be directly used for fertilization or for cryopreservation, making unnecessary the usage of different types of solutions and dilutions. Furthermore, the use of methanol as a cryoprotectant makes this protocol easy to use as methanol has low toxicity and does not activate the sperm. The sperm does not need to be cryopreserved immediately after the addition of the cryoprotectant, and it can be used long after being thawed. Moreover, sperm motility is still high after thawing although it is lower than that of fresh sperm. The aim of this work is to show the best available protocol for European eel handling, maturation, and sperm cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan G Herranz-Jusdado
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València
| | - Eszter Kása
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Szent Istvan University
| | - Tímea Kollár
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Szent Istvan University
| | - Víctor Gallego
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València
| | - David S Peñaranda
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València
| | - Christoffer Rozenfeld
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València
| | - Luz Pérez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València
| | - Ákos Horváth
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Szent Istvan University
| | - Juan F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València;
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Kása E, Bernáth G, Kollár T, Żarski D, Lujić J, Marinović Z, Bokor Z, Hegyi Á, Urbányi B, Vílchez MC, Morini M, Peñaranda DS, Pérez L, Asturiano JF, Horváth Á. Development of sperm vitrification protocols for freshwater fish (Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis) and marine fish (European eel, Anguilla anguilla). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 245:102-107. [PMID: 27174751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitrification was successfully applied to the sperm of two fish species, the freshwater Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) and marine European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Sperm was collected, diluted in species-specific non-activating media and cryoprotectants and vitrified by plunging directly into liquid nitrogen without pre-cooling in its vapor. Progressive motility of fresh and vitrified-thawed sperm was evaluated with computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Additional sperm quality parameters such as sperm head morphometry parameters (in case of European eel) and fertilizing capacity (in case of Eurasian perch) were carried out to test the effectiveness of vitrification. The vitrification method for Eurasian perch sperm resulting the highest post-thaw motility (14±1.6%) was as follows: 1:5 dilution ratio, Tanaka extender, 30% cryoprotectant (15% methanol+15% propylene-glycol), cooling device: Cryotop, 2μl droplets, and for European eel sperm: dilution ratio 1:1, with 40% cryoprotectant (20% MeOH and 20% PG), and 10% FBS, cooling device: Cryotop, with 2μl of sperm suspension. Viable embryos were produced by fertilization with vitrified Eurasian perch sperm (neurulation: 2.54±1.67%). According to the ASMA analysis, no significant decrease in head area and perimeter of vitrified European eel spermatozoa were found when compared to fresh spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Kása
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Gergely Bernáth
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Tímea Kollár
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Daniel Żarski
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Jelena Lujić
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zoran Marinović
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Zoltán Bokor
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Árpád Hegyi
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Béla Urbányi
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - M Carmen Vílchez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Morini
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - David S Peñaranda
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Luz Pérez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ákos Horváth
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
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7
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Asturiano JF, Cabrita E, Horváth Á. Progress, challenges and perspectives on fish gamete cryopreservation: A mini-review. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 245:69-76. [PMID: 27318279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Protocols for the cryopreservation of fish gametes have been developed for many different fish species, in special, freshwater salmonids and cyprinids. Methods for sperm freezing have progressed during the last decades due to the increasing number of potential applications: aquaculture (genetic improvement programs, broodstock management, helping with species having reproductive problems), biotechnology studies using model fish species (preservation of transgenic or mutant lines), cryobanking of genetic resources from endangered species, etc. This mini-review tries to give an overview of the present situation of this area of research, identifying the main challenges and perspectives, redirecting the reader to more in-depth reviews and papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Elsa Cabrita
- CCMAR, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ákos Horváth
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, 2100 Gödöllő, Páter Károly u. 1., Hungary.
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8
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Commercial-scale out-of-season cryopreservation of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) sperm and its application for fertilization. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 170:170-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Asturiano JF, Sørensen SR, Pérez L, Lauesen P, Tomkiewicz J. First Production of Larvae Using Cryopreserved Sperm: Effects of Preservation Temperature and Cryopreservation on European Eel Sperm Fertilization Capacity. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:485-91. [PMID: 27189043 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation is a useful tool in captive fish reproduction management, that is to synchronize gamete production, especially in the case of species as the European eel, where the time of female spawning readiness is unpredictable. Several protocols to cryopreserve sperm of this species have been described, but until recently fertilization trials were not feasible. This study evaluated the effect of cold storage of diluted sperm prior to fertilizations and tested whether a previously defined protocol for European eel sperm cryopreservation can be successfully applied in fertilization trials to produce viable offspring. In our experiment, the sperm motility was evaluated after the extraction and the best samples were selected and pooled. Until stripping of eggs and fertilization, diluted sperm samples were maintained at either 4 or 20°C, or cryopreserved, following existing protocols. Fertilization of two egg batches was attempted. Diluted sperm caused a similar percentage of fertilized eggs and a similar number of embryos and larvae, independently of storage temperature (4 or 20°C). The cryopreserved sperm resulted in a lower percentage of fertilized eggs, but embryos developed and a few larvae ('cryolarvae') were obtained 55 h after fertilization in one of the two egg batches. This result evidences that the tested cryopreservation protocol is applicable for eel reproduction management, although improvements will be required to enhance fertilization success.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - S R Sørensen
- Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - L Pérez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - P Lauesen
- Billund Aquaculture Service A/S, Billund, Denmark
| | - J Tomkiewicz
- Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Charlottenlund, Denmark
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Comparison of two different methods in the cryopreservation of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) sperm. Cryobiology 2015; 70:76-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Pérez L, Peñaranda DS, Dufour S, Baloche S, Palstra AP, Van Den Thillart GEEJM, Asturiano JF. Influence of temperature regime on endocrine parameters and vitellogenesis during experimental maturation of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) females. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 174:51-9. [PMID: 21871894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2011] [Revised: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of temperature in European silver eels during their maturation induced by injections of carp pituitary extract on endocrine parameters: pituitary fshβ and lhβ expression, plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) and vitellogenin, estrogen receptor 1 (esr1), and vitellogenin 2 (vtg2) expression in liver. A variable thermal regime (T10) that increased from 10° to 14° and 17°C was compared with a constant 20°C regime (T20) during 12 weeks. T10 caused a faster development until week 8, higher fshβ, lhβ, esr1 expression, and higher E2 levels. The results strongly suggest that T10 is inducing a higher endogenous FSH level which increases the E2 circulating level during vitellogenesis. A variable thermal regime induced an fshβ expression and E2 profile in vitellogenic hormonally matured eel females that were more similar to the profile observed in other naturally maturing fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pérez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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12
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Peñaranda DS, Pérez L, Gallego V, Jover M, Tveiten H, Baloche S, Dufour S, Asturiano JF. Molecular and physiological study of the artificial maturation process in European eel males: from brain to testis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 166:160-71. [PMID: 19699741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
European eel males can be artificially matured (1.5IU hCG/g fish), but the regulatory mechanisms of their reproductive development are practically unknown. Spermatogenic stages (S1-S6), biometric characters [eye index (EI), gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI)] and sperm quality parameters (motility, viability and head spermatozoa morphometry) were analysed. Moreover, the present study evaluated the expression of GnRHs (mammal and chicken II Gonadotropin Release Hormone I) and gonadotrophins (FSHbeta and LHbeta) during hormonal treatment, as well as 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and 17,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20beta-P) plasma levels. One week was enough to observe the S2 of gonad development, but it was necessary to reach the 7th week of treatment to obtain animals that presented the most advanced stage of development (S6). Differential regulation of the two GnRH expressions was found, supporting the main role of mGnRH in the control of gonadotrophin release. One hCG injection was enough to dramatically decrease the FSHbeta expression, being close to zero during the rest of the treatment. LHbeta expression and 17,20beta-P registered a significant increase in the same stage of development, S3/4, confirming the role of this gonadotrophin in the last steps of maturation and 17,20beta-P in the spermatozoa maturation. The 11-KT increased with GSI, and the highest 11-KT values coincided with the advanced steps of spermatogenesis prior to spermiation. Being consistent with the known role of the steroid in these processes. Furthermore, this study supports a role for 11-KT in stimulating eye growth, presenting high values when EI increased. Sperm production was obtained from the 4th week of treatment, but it was in the 8th week when a significant increase was observed in sperm quality [viability, high motility (>75%)].
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Peñaranda
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Peñaranda DS, Pérez L, Gallego V, Barrera R, Jover M, Asturiano JF. European Eel Sperm Diluent for Short-term Storage. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 45:407-15. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Garzón DL, Peñaranda DS, Pérez L, Marco-Jiménez F, Espert X, Müller T, Jover M, Asturiano JF. Effects of pH, sodium bicarbonate, cryoprotectants and foetal bovine serum on the cryopreservation of European eel sperm. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43:99-105. [PMID: 18199265 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00861.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of pH and bicarbonate concentration in the activation or inhibition of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) spermatozoa and to evaluate the effect of different cryoprotectants: dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), acetamide, ethylene glycol, propanol, glycerol and methanol (MeOH). The effect of these factors was evaluated comparing the percentage of motile cells, the percentage of alive cells (by Hoechst staining) and the spermatozoa morphometry pre- and post-cryopreservation (by computer-assisted morphology analysis). Based on the above findings, three cryoprotectants (DMSO, MeOH and glycerol) were chosen and evaluated in two media (P1 and P1 modified) with different concentrations of NaHCO(3) and in the presence or absence of foetal bovine serum (FBS). The effect of these factors was evaluated comparing the percentage of alive and motile cells post-cryopreservation. DMSO was the cryoprotectant showing better results in relation to the percentage of spermatic alive cells post-freezing and caused a smaller modification of the head spermatozoa morphology. The combination of P1-modified medium with DMSO and containing FBS increased slightly but significantly the percentage of motile spermatozoa post-cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Garzón
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Recursos Acuícolas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
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Asturiano JF, Marco-Jiménez F, Peñaranda DS, Garzón DL, Pérez L, Vicente JS, Jover M. Effect of Sperm Cryopreservation on the European Eel Sperm Viability and Spermatozoa Morphology. Reprod Domest Anim 2007; 42:162-6. [PMID: 17348973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00746.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present work was to study the effect of cryopreservation of European eel sperm both on the sperm viability and the spermatozoa head morphology. Spermatozoa morphology was evaluated with computer-assisted morphology analysis after collection in fresh samples, after adding the freezing medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotectant and, finally, after the cryopreservation process and thawing. Cell viability was assessed, in both fresh and thawed samples, by Hoechst 33258 staining. Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) was used to determine the percentage of motile cells and to measure motility parameters in sperm samples. A significant decrease of head perimeter (12.56%) and area (17.90%) was detected from spermatozoa in fresh to thawed samples, indicating that cells do not recover the original size after the cryopreservation process. CASA was used to measure the percentage of motile cells (51.9%) and spermatozoa motility parameters such as curvilinear, straight line and angular path velocities, as well as beating cross frequency. This technique was employed in the fresh sperm samples but proteins present at the freezing medium (L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine) made impossible to use this last technique in thawed samples. When sperm viability was assessed by Hoechst staining, a significant decrease of approximately 15% (73.10 vs 58.26%) of alive spermatozoa was registered from fresh to thawed samples. The percentage of motile cells measured by CASA in fresh samples (51.9%) was lower than the percentage of alive cells determined by Hoechst stainning, suggesting the existence of different batches of spermatozoa in different stages of development, even during the eight to tenth weeks of treatment, when the highest sperm quality was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Asturiano
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Asturiano JF, Marco-Jiménez F, Pérez L, Balasch S, Garzón DL, Peñaranda DS, Vicente JS, Viudes-de-Castro MP, Jover M. Effects of hCG as spermiation inducer on European eel semen quality. Theriogenology 2006; 66:1012-20. [PMID: 16595151 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2005] [Revised: 02/16/2006] [Accepted: 02/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fish sperm quality has traditionally been estimated by subjective evaluation of motility and sperm concentration. Alternative methods for evaluation of sperm quality have been developed in the last decade and enable estimation of spermatozoa head morphometry, membrane integrity and mitochondrial function. Weekly injections of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induced spermiation in farmed male European eels. The milt volume increased from the 5th to 12th weeks. Sperm concentration significantly increased from the 5th week, reaching the highest values at the 8th week, while best motility results were registered at the 9th week of treatment. Coinciding with these intervals, the percentage of dead spermatozoa determined with Hoechst staining showed a reduction in the 8th to 11th weeks of treatment, while the percentage of mitochondrial functionality determined by JC-1 staining did not show a similar pattern. The automatic sperm morphology analysis (ASMA) of the spermatozoa head length, width, area and perimeter showed a significant growth from the 5th to 8th weeks. However, the analysis of isolated descriptive parameters may be difficult to understand because there is a variability in these parameters for each week, making knowledge of the growth kinetic complex. The global size of the spermatozoa head was calculated by applying principal component analysis (PCA), because this method establishes new components that make the interpretation of results easier, allowing a whole interpretation of the changes in the cell morphology. PC1 defines the global head size and shows a significant increase between the 5th and 8th weeks of treatment, showing shorter changes until 12th week. PC2 shows a significant increase in the spermatozoa width from the 5th to 7th weeks. Considering the results of the variations in the principal components defining European eel spermatozoa morphometry, it may be concluded that hCG maturative treatment produced thick cells during the first weeks of spermiation, and subsequent samplings showed an increase in cell width and length. These changes in sperm morphometry coincide with the highest sperm quality assessed as sperm motility and concentration, as well as with the best results obtained in previous studies reporting the best sperm quality between weeks 8 and 10 of hCG treatment. These results support the use of ASMA and Hoechst staining techniques as alternative methods for the evaluation of fish sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Asturiano
- Grupo de Investigación en Recursos Acuícolas, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Marco-Jiménez F, Garzón DL, Peñaranda DS, Pérez L, Viudes-de-Castro MP, Vicente JS, Jover M, Asturiano JF. Cryopreservation of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) spermatozoa: Effect of dilution ratio, foetal bovine serum supplementation, and cryoprotectants. Cryobiology 2006; 53:51-7. [PMID: 16712830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2006.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2005] [Revised: 02/21/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of sperm freezing medium dilution ratio (1:1, 1:2, and 1:5 v/v), two cryoprotectants: dimethyl sulphoxide (Me(2)SO) and methanol (MeOH), and the addition of foetal bovine serum (FBS) on the cryopreservation of European eel sperm. The effect of these factors was evaluated comparing post-thawing viability with fluorescent staining (Hoechst bisbenzimide 33258) and the spermatozoa head morphometry, determined with computer-assisted morphology analysis (ASMA). The 1:5 (v/v) dilution ratio resulted in a lower viability in comparison with 1:1 and 1:2 (52.8+/-2.3% vs. 67.4+/-2.3% and 65.1+/-2.3%, respectively, p=0.0001), but without effects on the head morphology. Although the viability was not significantly different between Me(2)SO and MeOH (60.4+/-1.9 vs. 63.2+/-1.9%, respectively, p=0.305), a decrease of spermatozoa head area and perimeter was found when spermatozoa were frozen with methanol (6.19+/-0.01 vs. 6.36+/-0.01 microm(2) and 17.28+/-0.05 vs. 17.49+/-0.05 microm, for area and perimeter and MeOH and Me(2)SO, respectively, p=0.0001). Finally, a higher viability (75.1+/-1.7 vs. 48.5+/-1.7, with or without FBS, respectively, p=0.0001) and higher spermatozoa head size (6.40+/-0.01 vs. 6.15+/-0.01microm(2) and 17.88+/-0.05 vs. 16.89+/-0.05 microm, for area and perimeter, with or without FBS, respectively, p=0.0001) were found when cells were frozen-thawed in freezing media supplemented with FBS. Based on the above findings, dilution ratios lower than 1:5 (v/v) and the addition of serum improved the viability results after cryopreservation. Future studies are required in order to understand the spermatozoa membrane interchange mechanisms in response to the changes in spermatozoa head size caused by cryoprotectants and freezing media supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marco-Jiménez
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Animal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Polígono de la Esperanza N degree 100, 12400 Segorbe, Spain
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Si W, Hildebrandt TB, Reid C, Krieg R, Ji W, Fassbender M, Hermes R. The successful double cryopreservation of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) semen in large volume using the directional freezing technique with reduced concentration of cryoprotectant. Theriogenology 2006; 65:788-98. [PMID: 16112183 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Using directional freezing, our objective was to cryopreserve rabbit semen and achieve fertility that was equal or higher than that achieved with conventional freezing. The working hypothesis was that controlling the ice-front propagation would allow reduction of DMSO concentration to <1M, in addition to the capability to freeze large volumes (2-10 mL). Moreover, single and double freezing of semen were used to demonstrate the abbreviated mechanical stress imparted by directional freezing. Single-cryopreserved semen from 15 males extended with 0% egg yolk/1.75 M DMSO, 15.3% egg yolk/0.88 M DMSO and 20% egg yolk/0M DMSO resulted in lower (P<0.05) mean+/-S.E.M. post-thaw motility (3.6+/-1.1, 28.5+/-2.8 and 36.3+/-1.8%, respectively) compared to fresh semen (73.3+/-1.2%). Semen from seven of these males, subject to double freezing using only egg yolk based extenders, resulted in post-thaw motilities of 18.1+/-2.2 and 16.4+/-3.3%. Despite the reduced functional parameters of cryopreserved semen, fertility and kindling rates of 73.9 and 56.5% for single frozen-thawed, and 28.6 and 35.7% for double frozen-thawed semen were achieved (with insemination of 98 females). There was no significant difference in fertility rate between fresh semen (87.5%) and semen that was single frozen-thawed with the 15.3% egg yolk/0.88 M DMSO extender (73.9%). In conclusion, cryopreservation of rabbit semen in large volumes using directional freezing achieved fertility rates similar to those achieved with fresh semen. Furthermore, acceptable fertility rates with double frozen-thawed semen could facilitate the future use of sex-sorted semen in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Si
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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