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Santos DL, de Morais AR, Signorelli L, Bastos RP, Feio R, Nomura F. Description of the Tadpole of Phyllomedusa azurea from the Brazilian Cerrado, with a Description of the Internal Oral Morphology of Phyllomedusa oreades. HERPETOLOGICA 2018. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-16-00050.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danusy Lopes Santos
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Museu de Zoologia João Moojen, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Ecologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Signorelli
- Kansas State University, Division of Biology, Laboratory for Landscape and Conservation Ecology, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Rogério Pereira Bastos
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Ecologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Renato Feio
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Museu de Zoologia João Moojen, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Fausto Nomura
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Ecologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Simão AMS, Bolean M, Cury TAC, Stabeli RG, Itri R, Ciancaglini P. Liposomal systems as carriers for bioactive compounds. Biophys Rev 2015; 7:391-397. [PMID: 28510100 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-015-0180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the revolutionary discovery that phospholipids can form closed bilayered structures in aqueous systems, the study of liposomes has become a very interesting area of research. The versatility and amazing biocompatibility of liposomes has resulted in their wide-spread use in many scientific fields, and many of their applications, especially in medicine, have yielded breakthroughs in recent decades. Specifically, their easy preparation and various structural aspects have given rise to broadly usable methodologies to internalize different compounds, with either lipophilic or hydrophilic properties. The study of compounds with potential biotechnological application(s) is generally related to evaluation and risk assessment of the possible cytotoxic or therapeutic effects of the compound under study. In most cases, undesirable side-effects are associated with an interaction of the liposome with the cell membrane and/or its absorption and subsequent interaction with a cellular biomolecule. Liposomal carrier systems have an unprecedented potential for delivering bioactive substances to specific molecular targets due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and low toxicity. Liposomes are therefore considered to be an invaluable asset in applied biotechnology studies due to their potential for interaction with both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Sper Simão
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thuanny Alexandra Campos Cury
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Guerino Stabeli
- Centro de Nanotecnologia Aplicada a Saúde-Nanosus, Presidência da Fiocruz, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Brasil e Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Depto. Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, IF-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Bruschi DP, Busin CS, Toledo LF, Vasconcellos GA, Strussmann C, Weber LN, Lima AP, Lima JD, Recco-Pimentel SM. Evaluation of the taxonomic status of populations assigned to Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis (Anura, Hylidae, Phyllomedusinae) based on molecular, chromosomal, and morphological approach. BMC Genet 2013; 14:70. [PMID: 23937545 PMCID: PMC3751434 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-14-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of the genus Phyllomedusa have been amply discussed. The marked morphological similarities among some species hamper the reliable identification of specimens and may often lead to their incorrect taxonomic classification on the sole basis of morphological traits. Phenotypic variation was observed among populations assigned to either P. azurea or P. hypochondrialis. In order to evaluate whether the variation observed in populations assigned to P. hypochondrialis is related to that in genotypes, a cytogenetic analysis was combined with phylogenetic inferences based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences. RESULTS The inter- and intra-population variation in the external morphology observed among the specimens analyzed in the present study do not reflect the phylogenetic relationships among populations. A monophyletic clade was recovered, grouping all the specimens identified as P. hypochondrialis and specimens assigned P. azurea from Minas Gerais state. This clade is characterized by conserved chromosomal morphology and a common C-banding pattern. Extensive variation in the nucleolar organizing region (NOR) was observed among populations, with four distinct NOR positions being recognized in the karyotypes. Intra-population polymorphism of the additional rDNA clusters observed in specimens from Barreiras, Bahia state, also highlights the marked genomic instability of the rDNA in the genome of this group. Based on the topology obtained in the phylogenetic analyses, the re-evaluation of the taxonomic status of the specimens from the southernmost population known in Brazil is recommended. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study support the need for a thorough revision of the phenotypic features used to discriminate P. azurea and P. hypochondrialis. The phylogenetic data presented here also contribute to an extension of the geographic range of P. hypochondrialis, which is known to occur in the Amazon basin and neighboring areas of the Cerrado savanna, where it may be sympatric with P. azurea, within contact zones. The misidentification of specimens may have led to inconsistencies in the original definition of the geographic range of P. azurea. The variability observed in the NOR of P. hypochondrialis reinforces the conclusion that these sites represent hotspots of rearrangement. Intraspecific variation in the location of these sites is the result of constant rearrangements that are not detected by classical cytogenetic methods or are traits of an ancestral, polymorphic karyotype, which would not be phylogenetically informative for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pacheco Bruschi
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-863 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carmen Sílvia Busin
- Laboratório de Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luís Felipe Toledo
- Museu de Zoologia "Prof. Adão José Cardoso", Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-863 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilda Andrade Vasconcellos
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65085-580 São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Christine Strussmann
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas e Produção Animal, Faculdade de Agronomia, Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Luiz Norberto Weber
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65085-580 São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | | | - Jucivaldo Dias Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Divisão de Zoologia, 68912-250 Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Shirlei Maria Recco-Pimentel
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-863 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Azevedo Calderon LD, Silva ADAE, Ciancaglini P, Stábeli RG. Antimicrobial peptides from Phyllomedusa frogs: from biomolecular diversity to potential nanotechnologic medical applications. Amino Acids 2010; 40:29-49. [PMID: 20526637 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Screening for new bioactive peptides in South American anurans has been pioneered in frogs of the genus Phyllomedusa. All frogs of this genus have venomous skin secretions, i.e., a complex mixture of bioactive peptides against potential predators and pathogens that presumably evolved in a scenario of predator-prey interaction and defense against microbial invasion. For every new anuran species studied new peptides are found, with homologies to hormones, neurotransmitters, antimicrobials, and several other peptides with unknown biological activity. From Vittorio Erspamer findings, this genus has been reported as a "treasure store" of bioactive peptides, and several groups focus their research on these species. From 1966 to 2009, more than 200 peptide sequences from different Phyllomedusa species were deposited in UniProt and other databases. During the last decade, the emergence of high-throughput molecular technologies involving de novo peptide sequencing via tandem mass spectrometry, cDNA cloning, pharmacological screening, and surface plasmon resonance applied to peptide discovery, led to fast structural data acquisition and the generation of peptide molecular libraries. Research groups on bioactive peptides in Brazil using these new technologies, accounted for the exponential increase of new molecules described in the last decade, much higher than in any previous decades. Recently, these secretions were also reported as a rich source of multiple antimicrobial peptides effective against multidrug resistant strains of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and virus, providing instructive lessons for the development of new and more efficient nanotechnological-based therapies for infectious diseases treatment. Therefore, novel drugs arising from the identification and analysis of bioactive peptides from South American anuran biodiversity have a promising future role on nanobiotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo de Azevedo Calderon
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Medicina "Professor Dr. José Roberto Giglio" (CEBio), Núcleo de Saúde (NUSAU), Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, 76800-000, Brazil
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