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Zhang M, Shi Q, Song X, Wang H, Bian Z. Recent electrochemical methods in electrochemical degradation of halogenated organics: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:10457-10486. [PMID: 30798495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated organics are widely used in modern industry, agriculture, and medicine, and their large-scale emissions have led to soil and water pollution. Electrochemical methods are attractive and promising techniques for wastewater treatment and have been developed for degradation of halogenated organic pollutants under mild conditions. Electrochemical techniques are classified according to main reaction pathways: (i) electrochemical reduction, in which cleavage of C-X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) bonds to release halide ions and produce non-halogenated and non-toxic organics and (ii) electrochemical oxidation, in which halogenated organics are degraded by electrogenerated oxidants. The electrode material is crucial to the degradation efficiency of an electrochemical process. Much research has therefore been devoted to developing appropriate electrode materials for practical applications. This paper reviews recent developments in electrode materials for electrochemical degradation of halogenated organics. And at the end of this paper, the characteristics of new combination methods, such as photocatalysis, nanofiltration, and the use of biochemical method, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, 530008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhe Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoyong Bian
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Cui J, Wang X, Zhang J, Qiu X, Wang D, Zhao Y, Xi B, Alshawabkeh AN, Mao X. Disilicate-Assisted Iron Electrolysis for Sequential Fenton-Oxidation and Coagulation of Aqueous Contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8077-8084. [PMID: 28609093 PMCID: PMC6287740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sodium disilicate (SD), an inorganic and environmentally friendly ligand, is introduced into the conventional iron electrolysis system to achieve an oxidizing Fenton process to degrade organic pollutants. Electrolytic ferrous ions, which are complexed by the disilicate ions, can chemically reduce dioxygen molecules via consecutive reduction steps, producing H2O2 for the Fenton-oxidation of organics. At the near-neutral pH (from 6 to 8), the disilicate-Fe(II) complexes possess strong reducing capabilities; therefore, a near-neutral pH rather than an acid condition is preferable for the disilicate-assisted iron electrolysis (DAIE) process. Following the DAIE process, the different complexing capacities of disilicate for ferrous/ferric ions and calcium ions can be used to break the disilicate-iron complexes. The addition of CaO or CaCl2 can precipitate ferrous/ferric ions, disilicates and possibly heavy metals in the wastewater. Compared to previously reported organic and phosphorus ligands, SD is a low-cost inorganic agent that does not lead to secondary pollution, and would not compete with the target organic pollutants for •OH; therefore, it would greatly expand the application fields of the O2 activation process. The combination of DAIE and CaO treatments is envisioned to be a versatile and affordable method for treating wastewater with complicated pollutants (e.g., mixtures of biorefractory organics and heavy metals).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Cui
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoyu Qiu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Dihua Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Akram N. Alshawabkeh
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xuhui Mao
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Corresponding Author Phone: +86-27-68775799;
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Peng G, Ellis JE, Xu G, Xu X, Star A. In Situ Grown TiO2 Nanospindles Facilitate the Formation of Holey Reduced Graphene Oxide by Photodegradation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7403-10. [PMID: 26929979 PMCID: PMC6540760 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures and TiO2/graphene nanocomposites are intensively studied materials for energy conversion, energy storage, and organic contaminant photodegradation. However, for TiO2/graphene composites, impermeability across the graphitic basal plane for electrolytes, metal ions, and gas molecules hinders their practical applications. Herein we report a simple, environmentally friendly synthetic route for mesoporous anatase TiO2 nanospindles, and successfully apply this method to obtain in situ grown TiO2 nanospindles/graphene oxide composite. After a thermal reduction at 400 °C, holes are created in the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets through a photocatalytic oxidation mechanism. The formation of holes in RGO is promoted by photogenerated hydroxyl radicals that oxidize and subsequently decarboxylate the graphitic surface of RGO. The proposed mechanism was supported by photocatalytic electrochemical properties of the nanomaterials. The resulting TiO2/holey RGO composites may overcome the original impermeability of graphene sheets and find applications in catalysis, energy conversion/storage devices, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - James E. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Gang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Corresponding Author Address correspondence to
| | - Xueqing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Alexander Star
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
- Corresponding Author Address correspondence to
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Meng X, Zhang Z, Li X. Synergetic photoelectrocatalytic reactors for environmental remediation: A review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bai H, Jiang W, Kotchey G, Saidi WA, Bythell BJ, Jarvis JM, Marshall AG, Robinson RS, Star A. Insight into the Mechanism of Graphene Oxide Degradation via the Photo-Fenton Reaction. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2014; 118:10519-10529. [PMID: 24860637 PMCID: PMC4025574 DOI: 10.1021/jp503413s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene represents an attractive two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterial that holds great promise for applications such as electronics, batteries, sensors, and composite materials. Recent work has demonstrated that carbon-based nanomaterials are degradable/biodegradable, but little work has been expended to identify products formed during the degradation process. As these products may have toxicological implications that could leach into the environment or the human body, insight into the mechanism and structural elucidation remain important as carbon-based nanomaterials become commercialized. We provide insight into a potential mechanism of graphene oxide degradation via the photo-Fenton reaction. We have determined that after 1 day of treatment intermediate oxidation products (with MW 150-1000 Da) were generated. Upon longer reaction times (i.e., days 2 and 3), these products were no longer present in high abundance, and the system was dominated by graphene quantum dots (GQDs). On the basis of FTIR, MS, and NMR data, potential structures for these oxidation products, which consist of oxidized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Gregg
P. Kotchey
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Wissam A. Saidi
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Bythell
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, 1800
E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United
States
| | - Jacqueline M. Jarvis
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, 1800
E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United
States
| | - Alan G. Marshall
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, 1800
E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United
States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State
University, 95 Chieftain
Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Renã
A. S. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Alexander Star
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Papazi A, Kotzabasis K. "Rational" management of dichlorophenols biodegradation by the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61682. [PMID: 23613903 PMCID: PMC3627913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The microalga Scenedesmus obliquus exhibited the ability to biodegrade dichlorophenols (dcps) under specific autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions. According to their biodegradability, the dichlorophenols used can be separated into three distinct groups. Group I (2,4-dcp and 2,6 dcp – no meta-substitution) consisted of quite easily degraded dichlorophenols, since both chloride substituents are in less energetically demanding positions. Group II (2,3-dcp, 2,5-dcp and 3,4-dcp – one meta-chloride) was less susceptible to biodegradation, since one of the two substituents, the meta one, required higher energy for C-Cl-bond cleavage. Group III (3,5-dcp – two meta-chlorides) could not be biodegraded, since both chlorides possessed the most energy demanding positions. In general, when the dcp-toxicity exceeded a certain threshold, the microalga increased the energy offered for biodegradation and decreased the energy invested for biomass production. As a result, the biodegradation per cell volume of group II (higher toxicity) was higher, than group I (lower toxicity) and the biodegradation of dichlorophenols (higher toxicity) was higher than the corresponding monochlorophenols (lower toxicity). The participation of the photosynthetic apparatus and the respiratory mechanism of microalga to biodegrade the group I and the group II, highlighted different bioenergetic strategies for optimal management of the balance between dcp-toxicity, dcp-biodegradability and culture growth. Additionally, we took into consideration the possibility that the intermediates of each dcp-biodegradation pathway could influence differently the whole biodegradation procedures. For this reason, we tested all possible combinations of phenolic intermediates to check cometabolic interactions. The present contribution bring out the possibility of microalgae to operate as “smart” bioenergetic “machines”, that have the ability to continuously “calculate” the energy reserves and “use” the most energetically advantageous dcp-biodegradation strategy. We tried to manipulate the above fact, changing the energy reserves and as a result the chosen strategy, in order to take advantage of their abilities in detoxifying the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Papazi
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kiriakos Kotzabasis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- * E-mail:
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Brillas E, Sirés I, Oturan MA. Electro-Fenton Process and Related Electrochemical Technologies Based on Fenton’s Reaction Chemistry. Chem Rev 2009; 109:6570-631. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2286] [Impact Index Per Article: 152.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enric Brillas
- Laboratori d’Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain and Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Géologie de l’Ingénieur, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d’Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain and Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Géologie de l’Ingénieur, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France
| | - Mehmet A. Oturan
- Laboratori d’Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain and Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Géologie de l’Ingénieur, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France
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Zhao B, Zhang P. Photocatalytic decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid with β-Ga2O3 wide bandgap photocatalyst. CATAL COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2009.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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