1
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Uppstu P, Engblom S, Inkinen S, Hupa L, Wilén CE. Influence of polylactide coating stereochemistry on mechanical and in vitro degradation properties of porous bioactive glass scaffolds for bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35328. [PMID: 37737070 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of polylactide stereocomplexes (PLA SC) have been primarily studied through tensile testing, with inconsistent results, and the compressive properties of PLA SC compared to homocrystalline or amorphous PLA remain poorly understood. In this study, we coated porous bioactive glass 13-93 scaffolds with amorphous, homocrystalline, or stereocomplex PLA to investigate their mechanical and degradation properties before and after immersion in simulated body fluid. The glass scaffolds had interconnected pores and an average porosity of 76%. The PLA coatings, which were 10-100 μm thick and approximately 3% of the glass scaffold mass, covered the glass to a large extent. The compressive strength and toughness of all PLA-coated scaffolds were significantly higher than those of uncoated scaffolds, with approximately a fourfold increase before immersion and a twofold increase after immersion. The compressive strength and toughness of PLA SC-coated scaffolds were similar to those of scaffolds with homocrystalline PLA coating, and significantly higher than for scaffolds with amorphous PLA coating. All PLA coatings moderated the initial pH increase caused by the glass, which could benefit surrounding cells and bone tissue in vivo after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Uppstu
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Simon Engblom
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Inkinen
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Nordic Catalyst e.U., Vienna, Austria
| | - Leena Hupa
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Carl-Eric Wilén
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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2
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Wu Y, Chen R, Chen X, Yang Y, Qiao J, Liu Y. Development of Strong and Tough β-TCP/PCL Composite Scaffolds with Interconnected Porosity by Digital Light Processing and Partial Infiltration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:947. [PMID: 36769953 PMCID: PMC9918277 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Strong and tough β-TCP/PCL composite scaffolds with interconnected porosity were developed by combining digital light processing and vacuum infiltration. The composite scaffolds were comprised of pure β-TCP, β-TCP matrix composite and PCL matrix composite. The porous β-TCP/PCL composite scaffolds showed remarkable mechanical advantages compared with ceramic scaffolds with the same macroscopic pore structure (dense scaffolds). The composite scaffolds exhibited a significant increase in strain energy density and fracture energy density, though with similar compressive and flexural strengths. Moreover, the composite scaffolds had a much higher Weibull modulus and longer fatigue life than the dense scaffolds. It was revealed that the composite scaffolds with interconnected porosity possess comprehensive mechanical properties (high strength, excellent toughness, significant reliability and fatigue resistance), which suggests that they could replace the pure ceramic scaffolds for degradable bone substitutes, especially in complex stress environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Wu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ruomeng Chen
- Key Lab of Intelligent Equipment Digital Design and Process Simulation, Tangshan College, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Qiao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yaxiong Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
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3
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Study on βTCP/P(3HB) Scaffolds-Physicochemical Properties and Biological Performance in Low Oxygen Concentration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911587. [PMID: 36232889 PMCID: PMC9569667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for new materials for bone regenerative purposes is still ongoing. Therefore, we present a series of newly constructed composites based on β tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) bacteria-derived biopolymer (P(3HB)) in the form of 3D scaffolds with different pore sizes. To improve the polymer attachment to the βTCP surface, the etching of ceramic sinters, using citric acid, was applied. As expected, pre-treatment led to the increase in surface roughness and the creation of micropores facilitating polymer adhesion. In this way, the durability and compressive strength of the ceramic-polymer scaffolds were enhanced. It was confirmed that P(3HB) degrades to 3-hydroxybutyric acid, which broadens applications of developed materials in bone tissue engineering as this compound can potentially nourish surrounding tissues and reduce osteoporosis. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, it is one of the first studies where the impact of βTCP/P(3HB) scaffolds on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cultured in lowered (5%) oxygen concentration, was assessed. It was decided to use a 5% oxygen concentration in the culture to mimic the conditions that would be found in damaged bone in a living organism during regeneration. Scaffolds enabled cell migration and sufficient flow of the culture medium, ensuring high cell viability. Furthermore, in composites with etched βTCP, the MSCs adhesion was facilitated by hydrophilic ceramic protrusions which reduced hydrophobicity. The developed materials are potential candidates for bone tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, to confirm this hypothesis, in vivo studies should be performed.
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4
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Maadani AM, Salahinejad E. Performance comparison of PLA- and PLGA-coated porous bioceramic scaffolds: Mechanical, biodegradability, bioactivity, delivery and biocompatibility assessments. J Control Release 2022; 351:1-7. [PMID: 36115555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioceramics, particularly calcium phosphates, bioactive glasses, and crystalline silicates, are a principal group of biomaterials employed for the regeneration of damaged tissues and therapeutic delivery. The development of ceramic tissue engineering scaffolds with an appropriate combination of mechanical and biological properties is still one of the key challenges in this field. In this regard, the deposition of polymeric coatings on the scaffolds is a simple and effective approach to reinforce their functions. Among different polymers, the influences of biodegradable aliphatic polyester coatings, especially polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), over the performance of the scaffolds have been investigated in numerous research. This review paper provides a comprehensive comparison of PLA- and PLGA-coated bioceramic scaffolds which are mainly employed in bone tissue engineering. It is concluded that both the polymers enhance the mechanical behaviors of the scaffolds, but control their biodegradability, bioactivity, and delivery kinetics, where PLA acts almost more influentially than PLGA in comparison. However, the response of biocompatibility to this surface treatment is condition-dependent and requires case-by-case experiments to be determined accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mohammad Maadani
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Salahinejad
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Toosi S, Naderi-Meshkin H, Esmailzadeh Z, Behravan G, Ramakrishna S, Behravan J. Bioactive glass-collagen/poly (glycolic acid) scaffold nanoparticles exhibit improved biological properties and enhance osteogenic lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:963996. [PMID: 36159698 PMCID: PMC9490118 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.963996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Today’s using tissue engineering and suitable scaffolds have got attention to increase healing of non-union bone fractures. In this study, we aimed to prepare and characterize scaffolds with functional and mechanical properties suitable for bone regeneration. Porous scaffolds containing collagen-poly glycolic acid (PGA) blends and various quantities of bioactive glass (BG) 45S5 were fabricated. Scaffolds with different compositions (BG/collagen-PGA ratios (w/w): 0/100; 40/60; 70/30) were characterized for their morphological properties, bioactivity, and mechanical behavior. Then, biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation potential of the scaffolds were analyzed by seeding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Scaffolds made with collagen-PGA combined with the BG (45S5) were found to have interconnected pores (average pore diameter size 75–115 µm) depending on the percentage of the BG added. Simulated body fluid (SBF) soaking experiments indicated the stability of scaffolds in SBF regardless of their compositions, while the scaffolds retained their highly interconnected structure. The elastic moduli, cell viability, osteogenic differentiation of the BG/collagen-PGA 40/60 and 70/30 scaffolds were superior to the original BG/collagen-PGA (0/100). These results suggest that BG incorporation enhanced the physical stability of our collagen-PGA scaffold previously reported. This new scaffold composition provides a promising platform to be used as a non-toxic scaffold for bone regeneration and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Toosi
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- *Correspondence: Shirin Toosi, ; Javad Behravan,
| | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Esmailzadeh
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazal Behravan
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Javad Behravan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Shirin Toosi, ; Javad Behravan,
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6
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Aslani Z, Nazemi N, Rajabi N, Kharaziha M, Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Kasiri-Asgarani M, Najafinezhad A, Ismail AF, Sharif S, Berto F. Antibacterial Activity and Cell Responses of Vancomycin-Loaded Alginate Coating on ZSM-5 Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144786. [PMID: 35888255 PMCID: PMC9318858 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the significant advancement in bone tissue engineering, it is still challenging to find a desired scaffold with suitable mechanical and biological properties, efficient bone formation in the defect area, and antibacterial resistivity. In this study, the zeolite (ZSM-5) scaffold was developed using the space holder method, and a novel vancomycin-loaded alginate coating was developed on it to promote their characteristics. Our results demonstrated the importance of alginate coating on the microstructure, mechanical, and cellular properties of the ZSM-5 scaffold. For instance, a three-fold increase in the compressive strength of coated scaffolds was observed compared to the uncoated ZSM-5. After the incorporation of vancomycin into the alginate coating, the scaffold revealed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The inhibition zone increased to 35 mm. Resets also demonstrated 74 ± 2.5% porosity, 4.3 ± 0.07 MPa strength in compressive conditions, acceptable cellular properties (72.3 ± 0.2 (%control) cell viability) after 7 days, good cell attachment, and calcium deposition. Overall, the results revealed that this scaffold could be a great candidate for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Aslani
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.N.); (M.K.-A.); (A.N.)
| | - N. Nazemi
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.N.); (M.K.-A.); (A.N.)
| | - N. Rajabi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - M. Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (H.R.B.-R.); (F.B.)
| | - H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.N.); (M.K.-A.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (H.R.B.-R.); (F.B.)
| | - M. Kasiri-Asgarani
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.N.); (M.K.-A.); (A.N.)
| | - A. Najafinezhad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.N.); (M.K.-A.); (A.N.)
| | - A. F. Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - S. Sharif
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - F. Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (H.R.B.-R.); (F.B.)
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7
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Toughening of Bioceramic Composites for Bone Regeneration. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bioceramics are widely considered as elective materials for the regeneration of bone tissue, due to their compositional mimicry with bone inorganic components. However, they are intrinsically brittle, which limits their capability to sustain multiple biomechanical loads, especially in the case of load-bearing bone districts. In the last decades, intense research has been dedicated to combining processes to enhance both the strength and toughness of bioceramics, leading to bioceramic composite scaffolds. This review summarizes the recent approaches to this purpose, particularly those addressed to limiting the propagation of cracks to prevent the sudden mechanical failure of bioceramic composites.
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8
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Czechowska J, Skibiński S, Guzik M, Zima A. Silver Decorated βTCP-Poly(3hydroxybutyrate) Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154227. [PMID: 34361421 PMCID: PMC8346965 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Implantations in orthopedics are associated with a high risk of bacterial infections in the surgery area. Therefore, biomaterials containing antibacterial agents, such as antibiotics, bactericidal ions or nanoparticles have been intensively investigated. In this work, silver decorated β tricalcium phosphate (βTCP)-based porous scaffolds were obtained and coated with a biopolymer-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-P(3HB). To the best of our knowledge, studies using silver-doped βTCP and P(3HB), as a component in ceramic-polymer scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration, have not yet been reported. Obtained materials were investigated by high-temperature X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, hydrostatic weighing, compression tests and ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) measurements. The influence of sintering temperature (1150, 1200 °C) on the scaffolds' physicochemical properties (phase and chemical composition, microstructure, porosity, compressive strength) was evaluated. Materials covered with P(3HB) possessed higher compressive strength (3.8 ± 0.6 MPa) and surgical maneuverability, sufficient to withstand the implantation procedures. Furthermore, during the hydrolytic degradation of the composite material not only pure (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid but also its oligomers were released which may nourish surrounding tissues. Thus, obtained scaffolds were found to be promising bone substitutes for use in non-load bearing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Czechowska
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Szymon Skibiński
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Maciej Guzik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Aneta Zima
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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9
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Deraine A, Rebelo Calejo MT, Agniel R, Kellomäki M, Pauthe E, Boissière M, Massera J. Polymer-Based Honeycomb Films on Bioactive Glass: Toward a Biphasic Material for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:29984-29995. [PMID: 34129320 PMCID: PMC8289249 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of innovative materials for bone tissue engineering to promote bone regeneration while avoiding fibrous tissue infiltration is of paramount importance. Here, we combined the known osteopromotive properties of bioactive glasses (BaGs) with the biodegradability, biocompatibility, and ease to shape/handle of poly-l-co-d,l-lactic acid (PLDLA) into a single biphasic material. The aim of this work was to unravel the role of the surface chemistry and topography of BaG surfaces on the stability of a PLDLA honeycomb membrane, in dry and wet conditions. The PLDLA honeycomb membrane was deposited using the breath figure method (BFM) on the surface of untreated BaG discs (S53P4 and 13-93B20), silanized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) or conditioned (immersed for 24 h in TRIS buffer solution). The PLDLA membranes deposited onto the BaG discs, regardless of their composition or surface treatments, exhibited a honeycomb-like structure with pore diameter ranging from 1 to 5 μm. The presence of positively charged amine groups (APTES grafting) or the precipitation of a CaP layer (conditioned) significantly improved the membrane resistance to shear as well as its stability upon immersion in the TRIS buffer solution. The obtained results demonstrated that the careful control of the substrate surface chemistry enabled the deposition of a stable honeycomb membrane at their surface. This constitutes a first step toward the development of new biphasic materials enabling osteostimulation (BaG) while preventing migration of fibrous tissue inside the bone defect (honeycomb polymer membrane).
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Deraine
- ERRMECe,
Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules
(EA1391), Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Maison Internationale
de la Recherche (MIR), Rue Descartes, 95001 Neuville sur Oise, Cedex, France
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - M. T. Rebelo Calejo
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - R. Agniel
- ERRMECe,
Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules
(EA1391), Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Maison Internationale
de la Recherche (MIR), Rue Descartes, 95001 Neuville sur Oise, Cedex, France
| | - M. Kellomäki
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - E. Pauthe
- ERRMECe,
Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules
(EA1391), Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Maison Internationale
de la Recherche (MIR), Rue Descartes, 95001 Neuville sur Oise, Cedex, France
| | - M. Boissière
- ERRMECe,
Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules
(EA1391), Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Maison Internationale
de la Recherche (MIR), Rue Descartes, 95001 Neuville sur Oise, Cedex, France
| | - J. Massera
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
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10
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Li P, Li Y, Kwok T, Yang T, Liu C, Li W, Zhang X. A bi-layered membrane with micro-nano bioactive glass for guided bone regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111886. [PMID: 34091371 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is widely used to treat oral bone defects. However, the osteogenic effects are limited by the deficiency of the available barrier membranes. In this study, a novel bi-layer membrane was prepared by solvent casting and electrospinning. The barrier layer made of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was smooth and compact, whereas the osteogenic layer consisting of micro-nano bioactive glass (MNBG) and PLGA was rough and porous. The mineralization evaluation confirmed that apatite formed on the membranes in simulated body fluid. Immersion in phosphate-buffered saline led to the degradation of the membranes with proper pH changes. Mechanical tests showed that the bi-layered membranes have stable mechanical properties under dry and wet conditions. The bi-layered membranes have good histocompatibility, and the MNBG/PLGA layer can enhance bone regeneration activity. This was confirmed by cell culture results, expression of osteogenic genes, and immunofluorescence staining of RUNX-related transcription factor 2 and osteopontin. Therefore, the bi-layered membranes could be a promising clinical strategy for GBR surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Tszyung Kwok
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Weichang Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China.
| | - Xinchun Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China.
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11
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Sakthiabirami K, Kang JH, Jang JG, Soundharrajan V, Lim HP, Yun KD, Park C, Lee BN, Yang YP, Park SW. Hybrid porous zirconia scaffolds fabricated using additive manufacturing for bone tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:111950. [PMID: 33812579 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For the formation of new bone in critical-sized bone defects, bioactive scaffolds with an interconnected porous network are necessary. Herein, we fabricated three-dimensional (3D) porous hybrid zirconia scaffolds to promote hybrid functionality, i.e., excellent mechanical properties and bioactive performance. Specifically, the 3D printed scaffolds were subjected to Zn-HA/glass composite coating on glass-infiltrated zirconia (ZC). In addition, to pertain the extracellular matrix of bone, biopolymer (alginate/gelatine) was embedded in a developed 3D construct (ZB and ZCB). A zirconia-printed scaffold (Z) group served as a control. The structural and mechanical properties of the constructed scaffolds were studied using essential characterization techniques. Furthermore, the biological performance of the designed scaffolds was tested by a sequence of in vitro cell tests, including the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells (DPCs). The ZC and ZCB scaffolds exhibited 20% higher compression strength than the zirconia (Z) scaffolds. More importantly, the ZC constructs exhibited superior cell-adhesion, distribution, and osteogenic differentiation ability due to the synergistic effects of the composite coating. In addition, the biopolymer-embedded scaffolds (ZB, ZCB) showed an excellent biological and mechanical performance. Thus, our results suggest that the Zn-HA/glass composite-coated glass-infiltrated zirconia (ZC, ZCB) scaffolds are a dynamic approach to designing bioactive 3D scaffolds for the load-bearing bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaresan Sakthiabirami
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Kang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gon Jang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Vaiyapuri Soundharrajan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Pil Lim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwi-Dug Yun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sang-Won Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Parvizifard M, Karbasi S. Physical, mechanical and biological performance of PHB-Chitosan/MWCNTs nanocomposite coating deposited on bioglass based scaffold: Potential application in bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:645-662. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Recent progress in the fabrication techniques of 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110716. [PMID: 32204028 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in the field of tissue engineering (TE), especially in the synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for replacing damaged tissues and organs in laboratory conditions. However, the gaps in knowledge in exploiting these techniques in preclinical trials and beyond and, in particular, in practical scenarios (e.g., replacing real body organs) have not been discussed well in the existing literature. Furthermore, it is observed in the literature that while new techniques for the synthesis of 3D TE scaffold have been developed, some of the earlier techniques are still being used. This implies that the advantages offered by a more recent and advanced technique as compared to the earlier ones are not obvious, and these should be discussed in detail. For example, one needs to be aware of the reason, if any, behind the superiority of traditional electrospinning technique over recent advances in 3D printing technique for the production of 3D scaffolds given the popularity of the former over the latter, indicated by the number of publications in the respective areas. Keeping these points in mind, this review aims to demonstrate the ongoing trend in TE based on the scaffold fabrication techniques, focusing mostly, on the two most widely used techniques, namely, electrospinning and 3D printing, with a special emphasis on preclinical trials and beyond. In this context, the advantages, disadvantages, flexibilities and limitations of the relevant techniques (electrospinner and 3D printer) are discussed. The paper also critically analyzes the applicability, restrictions, and future demands of these techniques in TE including their applications in generating whole body organs. It is concluded that combining these knowledge gaps with the existing body of knowledge on the preparation of laboratory scale 3D scaffolds, would deliver a much better understanding in the future for scientists who are interested in these techniques.
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Bhamb N, Kanim LEA, Drapeau S, Mohan S, Vasquez E, Shimko D, McKAY W, Bae HW. Comparative Efficacy of Commonly Available Human Bone Graft Substitutes as Tested for Posterolateral Fusion in an Athymic Rat Model. Int J Spine Surg 2019; 13:437-458. [PMID: 31745449 DOI: 10.14444/6059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insufficient data exist on bone graft substitute materials efficacy; two thirds lack any clinical data.1,2 This prospective animal study identified efficacy differences among commercially available materials of several classes. Methods Historically validated muscle pouch osteoinduction study (OIS) and posterolateral fusion (PLF) were performed in an athymic rat model. Grafting material products implanted were demineralized bone matrix (DBM)-based allografts (Accell EVO3, DBX Mix, DBX Strip, Grafton Crunch, Grafton Flex, Grafton Matrix, Grafton Putty, Magnifuse, and Progenix Plus), allografts (OsteoSponge, MinerOss), cellular allograft (Osteocel Plus), ceramics (Mozaik Strip), or activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty, Vitoss BA). After 4 weeks, OIS specimens were evaluated ex vivo by histologic osteoinductivity. After 8 weeks, PLF ex vivo specimens were evaluated for fusion by manual palpation (FMP), radiography (FXR), and histology (FHISTO). Results OIS: No materials exhibited a rejection reaction on histology. All DBM-based materials exhibited osteoinductive potential as new bone formation at > 88% of implanted sites. One plain allograft (OsteoSponge) formed bone at 25% of sites. No bone formed for one ceramic (Mozaik Strip), three activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty), or one cellular allograft, regardless of human bone marrow aspirate (hBMA) when added. PLF: Among the 10 DBMs, 6 had FMP of 100% (Accell EVO3, DBX Mix, DBX Strip, Grafton Flex, Grafton Putty, Magnifuse), 2 had FMP of 94% (Grafton Crunch, Grafton Matrix), and 2 conditions had FMP of 0% (Progenix Plus, Progenix Plus + athymic rat iliac crest bone graft [arICBG]). Ceramics (Mozaik Strip), activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty, Vitoss BA), plain allograft (OsteoSponge, MinerOss (PLF study), and cellular allograft (Osteocel Plus) demonstrated 0% FMP. ArICBG demonstrated 13% FMP. Conclusions Eight DBM-based materials (Accell EVO3, DBX Mix, DBX Strip, Grafton Crunch, Grafton Flex, Grafton Matrix, Grafton Putty, Magnifuse) demonstrated excellent (> 90% FMP) efficacy in promoting fusion via bone healing. Two DBM conditions (Progenix Plus, Progenix Plus + arICBG) showed no manual palpation fusion (FMP). Systematically, over the 2 studies (OIS and PLF), cellular (Osteocel Plus), plain allografts (OsteoSponge, MinerOss; PLF study), ceramic (Mozaik Strip), and activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty, Vitoss BA) demonstrated poor FMP efficacy (< 10%). Clinical Relevance When selecting DBMs, clinicians must be cognizant of variability in DBM efficacy by product and lot. While theoretically osteoinductive, cellular allograft and activated ceramics yielded poor in vivo efficacy. Whole allograft and ceramics may provide osteoconductive scaffolding for mixed-material grafting; however, surgeons should be cautious in using them alone. Direct clinical data are needed to establish efficacy for any bone graft substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Bhamb
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linda E A Kanim
- Translational and Clinical Research, Spine Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyun W Bae
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Deschamps IS, Magrin GL, Magini RS, Fredel MC, Benfatti CAM, Souza JCM. On the synthesis and characterization of β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds coated with collagen or poly (D, L-lactic acid) for alveolar bone augmentation. Eur J Dent 2019; 11:496-502. [PMID: 29279677 PMCID: PMC5727736 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: After tooth loss, dimensional alterations on the alveolar bone ridge can occur that can negatively affect the placement of dental implants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the synthesis, and mechanical properties of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds coated with bioabsorbable polymers, namely, collagen and poly (D, L-lactic acid) (PDLLA). Materials and Methods: β-TCP powder was obtained by reactive milling and then characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). β-TCP scaffolds were obtained by replica method, in which polyurethane foams are immersed in β-TCP suspension and thereafter submitted to a thermal treatment to remove the polyurethane and sinter the ceramic. Type-I collagen or PDLLA were used to coat the β-TCP scaffolds by dip-coating method. Scaffolds were separated in four groups depending on the coating material: noncoated (Group A), double immersion in collagen (Group B), double immersion in PDLLA (Group C), and ten immersions in PDLLA (Group D). Samples were characterized by compressive tests and SEM/EDS. Data were statistically analyzed through two-way ANOVA (p = 0.05). Results: Chemical and microscopic analyses revealed proper morphology and chemical composition of powder particles and scaffolds with or without polymeric coatings. Scaffolds coated with PDLLA showed higher compressive strength (0.11 ± 0.054 MPa) than those of collagen (0.022 ± 0.012 MPa) or noncoated groups (0.024 ± 0.012 MPa). Conclusions: The coating method of β-TCP with PDLLA revealed a potential strategy to increase the mechanical strength of porous ceramic materials while collagen can enhance cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora S Deschamps
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriel L Magrin
- Department of Dentistry (ODT), Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Postgraduation Program in Dentistry (PPGO), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S Magini
- Department of Dentistry (ODT), Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Postgraduation Program in Dentistry (PPGO), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Márcio C Fredel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cesar A M Benfatti
- Department of Dentistry (ODT), Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Postgraduation Program in Dentistry (PPGO), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Júlio C M Souza
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Department of Dentistry (ODT), Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Postgraduation Program in Dentistry (PPGO), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Cichoń E, Haraźna K, Skibiński S, Witko T, Zima A, Ślósarczyk A, Zimowska M, Witko M, Leszczyński B, Wróbel A, Guzik M. Novel bioresorbable tricalcium phosphate/polyhydroxyoctanoate (TCP/PHO) composites as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 98:235-245. [PMID: 31277039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Development of new composite materials for bone tissue engineering is a constantly growing field of medicine. Therefore there is a continuous need in creating novel materials that can not only regenerate the defected tissue but also nourish it while the healing process progresses. Here we present a novel type of composite material that fulfils these requirements. The study describes creation of a composite with macroporous bioceramic core that is infiltrated with a thin biopolymer layer. The ceramic component, namely tricalcium phosphate (TCP), due to its mechanistic and bioactive properties may promote new bone creation as shown through the in vitro studies. To the best of our knowledge the coating layer was created for the first time from a representative of bacterially derived medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers (mcl-PHA), namely polyhydroxyoctanoate (PHO). This polymer layer not only profoundly changed the stress-strain characteristics of the bioceramic foam but also released (R)-3-hydroxyacids and their dimers/trimers to the investigated environment. In the manuscript we have in depth characterised these materials employing a set of basic procedures, through 3D structure reconstruction and finishing with prolonged in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Cichoń
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Haraźna
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Skibiński
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Witko
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aneta Zima
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Ślósarczyk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zimowska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Witko
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartosz Leszczyński
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wróbel
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Guzik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland.
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Arumugam S, Ramamoorthy P, Chakkarapani LD. Synthesis and characterizations of biocompatible polymers and carbon nanotubes-based hybrids for biomedical applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2019.1616200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Lakshmi Devi Chakkarapani
- Laboratoired’ Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
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Karadjian M, Essers C, Tsitlakidis S, Reible B, Moghaddam A, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. Biological Properties of Calcium Phosphate Bioactive Glass Composite Bone Substitutes: Current Experimental Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020305. [PMID: 30646516 PMCID: PMC6359412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard treatment for bone defects is the biological reconstruction using autologous bone—a therapeutical approach that suffers from limitations such as the restricted amount of bone available for harvesting and the necessity for an additional intervention that is potentially followed by donor-site complications. Therefore, synthetic bone substitutes have been developed in order to reduce or even replace the usage of autologous bone as grafting material. This structured review focuses on the question whether calcium phosphates (CaPs) and bioactive glasses (BGs), both established bone substitute materials, show improved properties when combined in CaP/BG composites. It therefore summarizes the most recent experimental data in order to provide a better understanding of the biological properties in general and the osteogenic properties in particular of CaP/BG composite bone substitute materials. As a result, BGs seem to be beneficial for the osteogenic differentiation of precursor cell populations in-vitro when added to CaPs. Furthermore, the presence of BG supports integration of CaP/BG composites into bone in-vivo and enhances bone formation under certain circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karadjian
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christopher Essers
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Stefanos Tsitlakidis
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Bruno Reible
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
- ATORG-Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedics Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics, and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany.
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Diaz-Gomez L, Smith BT, Kontoyiannis PD, Bittner SM, Melchiorri AJ, Mikos AG. Multimaterial Segmented Fiber Printing for Gradient Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:12-24. [PMID: 30421648 PMCID: PMC6352516 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT This study introduces a segmented three-dimensional printing methodology to create multimaterial porous scaffolds with discrete gradients and controlled distribution of compositions. This methodology can be adapted for the preparation of complex, multimaterial scaffolds with hierarchical structures and mechanical integrity useful in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Department of Bioengineering, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues
| | - Brandon T. Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Panayiotis D. Kontoyiannis
- Department of Bioengineering, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues
| | - Sean M. Bittner
- Department of Bioengineering, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues
| | - Anthony J. Melchiorri
- Department of Bioengineering, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues
| | - Antonios G. Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues
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Ramirez Caballero SS, Saiz E, Montembault A, Tadier S, Maire E, David L, Delair T, Grémillard L. 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 30:6. [PMID: 30594987 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone substitute fabrication is of interest to meet the worldwide incidence of bone disorders. Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. A set up for 3-D printing by robocasting was found adequate to fabricate scaffolds. Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. The rheological properties of the inks were studied, including their shear-thinning characteristics and yield stress. Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. Scaffolds consisted of a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles. Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Stella Ramirez Caballero
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal, 7 Avenue Jean Capelle, Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP@Lyon1, CNRS UMR 5223, 15, bd A. Latarjet, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eduardo Saiz
- Centre of Advanced Structural Ceramics, Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexandra Montembault
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP@Lyon1, CNRS UMR 5223, 15, bd A. Latarjet, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Solène Tadier
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal, 7 Avenue Jean Capelle, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eric Maire
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal, 7 Avenue Jean Capelle, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent David
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP@Lyon1, CNRS UMR 5223, 15, bd A. Latarjet, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Delair
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP@Lyon1, CNRS UMR 5223, 15, bd A. Latarjet, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Grémillard
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal, 7 Avenue Jean Capelle, Villeurbanne, France.
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Fernandes HR, Gaddam A, Rebelo A, Brazete D, Stan GE, Ferreira JMF. Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics for Healthcare Applications in Bone Regeneration and Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E2530. [PMID: 30545136 PMCID: PMC6316906 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of bioactive glasses (BGs) in the late 1960s by Larry Hench et al. was driven by the need for implant materials with an ability to bond to living tissues, which were intended to replace inert metal and plastic implants that were not well tolerated by the body. Among a number of tested compositions, the one that later became designated by the well-known trademark of 45S5 Bioglass® excelled in its ability to bond to bone and soft tissues. Bonding to living tissues was mediated through the formation of an interfacial bone-like hydroxyapatite layer when the bioglass was put in contact with biological fluids in vivo. This feature represented a remarkable milestone, and has inspired many other investigations aiming at further exploring the in vitro and in vivo performances of this and other related BG compositions. This paradigmatic example of a target-oriented research is certainly one of the most valuable contributions that one can learn from Larry Hench. Such a goal-oriented approach needs to be continuously stimulated, aiming at finding out better performing materials to overcome the limitations of the existing ones, including the 45S5 Bioglass®. Its well-known that its main limitations include: (i) the high pH environment that is created by its high sodium content could turn it cytotoxic; (ii) and the poor sintering ability makes the fabrication of porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds difficult. All of these relevant features strongly depend on a number of interrelated factors that need to be well compromised. The selected chemical composition strongly determines the glass structure, the biocompatibility, the degradation rate, and the ease of processing (scaffolds fabrication and sintering). This manuscript presents a first general appraisal of the scientific output in the interrelated areas of bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics, scaffolds, implant coatings, and tissue engineering. Then, it gives an overview of the critical issues that need to be considered when developing bioactive glasses for healthcare applications. The aim is to provide knowledge-based tools towards guiding young researchers in the design of new bioactive glass compositions, taking into account the desired functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo R Fernandes
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Anuraag Gaddam
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Avito Rebelo
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Brazete
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - George E Stan
- National Institute of Materials Physics, RO-077125 Magurele, Romania.
| | - José M F Ferreira
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Reiter T, Panick T, Schuhladen K, Roether JA, Hum J, Boccaccini AR. Bioactive glass based scaffolds coated with gelatin for the sustained release of icariin. Bioact Mater 2018; 4:1-7. [PMID: 30505983 PMCID: PMC6250853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelatin-coated, 3D sponge-like scaffolds based on 45S5 bioactive glass were produced using the foam replication technique. Compressive strength tests of gelatin-coated samples compared to uncoated scaffolds showed significant strengthening and toughening effects of the gelatin coating with compressive strength values in the range of cortical bone. Additionally, the crosslinked gelatin network (using either caffeic acid or N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)/N-hxdroxysuccinimide (NHS) as crosslinking agent) was shown to be a suitable candidate for the sustained release of the bioactive molecule icariin. Concerning bioactivity of the produced scaffolds, characterization by FTIR and SEM indicated the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) in all samples after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 14 days, highlighting the favorable combination of mechanical robustness, bioactivity and drug delivery capability of this new type of scaffolds. Foam like bioactive glass scaffolds produced by replication technique. Gelatin coatings confer increased compression strength to scaffolds. Crosslinked gelatin coating is suitable candidate for the sustained release of icariin. Favorable combination of bioactivity, gelatin coating and icariin release demonstrated.
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Monteiro CF, Custódio CA, Mano JF. Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models for Advancing Drug Discovery and Development. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia F. Monteiro
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO; University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Catarina A. Custódio
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO; University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO; University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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25
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Hum J, Boccaccini AR. Collagen as Coating Material for 45S5 Bioactive Glass-Based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1807. [PMID: 29921804 PMCID: PMC6032265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly porous 45S5 bioactive glass-based scaffolds were fabricated by the foam replica technique and coated with collagen by a novel method. After an initial cleaning step of the bioactive glass surface to expose reactive –OH groups, samples were surface functionalized by (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTS). Functionalized scaffolds were immersed in a collagen solution, left for gelling at 37 °C, and dried at room temperature. The collagen coating was further stabilized by crosslinking with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Applying this coating method, a layer thickness of a few micrometers was obtained without affecting the overall scaffold macroporosity. In addition, values of compressive strength were enhanced by a factor of five, increasing from 0.04 ± 0.02 MPa for uncoated scaffolds to 0.18 ± 0.03 MPa for crosslinked collagen-coated scaffolds. The composite material developed in this study exhibited positive cell (MG-63) viability as well as suitable cell attachment and proliferation on the surface. The combination of bioactivity, mechanical competence, and cellular response makes this novel scaffold system attractive for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Hum
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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26
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Zheng K, Wu J, Li W, Dippold D, Wan Y, Boccaccini AR. Incorporation of Cu-Containing Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles in Gelatin-Coated Scaffolds Enhances Bioactivity and Osteogenic Activity. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1546-1557. [PMID: 33445312 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glass scaffolds (BGS) of 45S5 composition exhibit desired bioactivity, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis potential, being promising biomaterials for bone repair/regeneration. Natural polymer-based coatings, e.g., gelatin coating, are effective to enhance the mechanical properties of BGS. However, the presence of a coating may reduce the bioactivity and osteogenesis activity of the scaffolds. To address the issue of reduced osteogenic properties induced by polymer coatings, in this study, we incorporated Cu-containing bioactive glass nanoparticles (Cu-BGN: 95SiO2-2.5CaO-2.5CuO, in mol %), as bioactive fillers, into the gelatin coating. The bioactivity (apatite-forming ability) of the gelatin coated BGS was improved after the incorporation of Cu-BGN in the coating. Hydroxyapatite could form on the Cu-BGN/gelatin nanocomposite coated BGS within 1 day of immersion in simulated body fluid. The osteogenic activity as indicated by the ALP activity of MC3T3-E1 cells on the coated BGS was also significantly enhanced after the incorporation of Cu-BGN. In addition, the incorporation of Cu-BGN in the coating did not affect the highly porous and interconnected pore structure of BGS while the mechanical improvement induced by the gelatin coating remained after the addition of Cu-BGN. The attachment of MC3T3-E1 cells on the scaffolds was not influenced by the presence of Cu-BGN in the gelatin coating, while the cell proliferation was enhanced. In conclusion, the incorporation of bioactive nanoparticles into polymer coating is presented as a solution to the reduced bioactivity and osteogenic activity of polymer coated 45S5 BGS. The Cu-BGN/gelatin nanocomposite coated BGS exhibiting high bioactivity, appropriate mechanical properties, and osteogenic potential are candidate biomaterials for bone tissue engineering/regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Jingjing Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Dirk Dippold
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Ying Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen 91058, Germany
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27
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Motealleh A, Eqtesadi S, Pajares A, Miranda P. Enhancing the mechanical and in vitro performance of robocast bioglass scaffolds by polymeric coatings: Effect of polymer composition. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 84:35-45. [PMID: 29729579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of different polymeric coatings, including natural and synthetic compositions, on the mechanical performance of 45S5 bioglass robocast scaffolds is systematically analyzed in this work. Fully amorphous 45S5 bioglass robocast scaffolds sintered at 550 °C were impregnated with natural (gelatin, alginate, and chitosan) and synthetic (polycaprolactone, PCL and poly-lactic acid, PLA) polymers through a dip-coating process. Mechanical enhancement provided by these coatings in terms of both compressive strength and strain energy density was evaluated. Natural polymers, in general, and chitosan, in particular, were found to produce the greater reinforcement. The effect of these coatings on the in vitro bioactivity and degradation behavior of 45S5 bioglass robocast scaffolds was also investigated through immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF). Coatings from natural polymers, especially chitosan, are shown to have a positive effect on the bioactivity of 45S5 bioglass, accelerating the formation of an apatite-like layer. Besides, most coating compositions reduced the degradation (weight loss) rate of the scaffold, which has a positive impact on the evolution of their mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Motealleh
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de los Materiales, Universidad de Extremadura, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Siamak Eqtesadi
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de los Materiales, Universidad de Extremadura, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Antonia Pajares
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de los Materiales, Universidad de Extremadura, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Pedro Miranda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de los Materiales, Universidad de Extremadura, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
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Li JJ, Ebied M, Xu J, Zreiqat H. Current Approaches to Bone Tissue Engineering: The Interface between Biology and Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701061. [PMID: 29280321 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The successful regeneration of bone tissue to replace areas of bone loss in large defects or at load-bearing sites remains a significant clinical challenge. Over the past few decades, major progress is achieved in the field of bone tissue engineering to provide alternative therapies, particularly through approaches that are at the interface of biology and engineering. To satisfy the diverse regenerative requirements of bone tissue, the field moves toward highly integrated approaches incorporating the knowledge and techniques from multiple disciplines, and typically involves the use of biomaterials as an essential element for supporting or inducing bone regeneration. This review summarizes the types of approaches currently used in bone tissue engineering, beginning with those primarily based on biology or engineering, and moving into integrated approaches in the areas of biomaterial developments, biomimetic design, and scalable methods for treating large or load-bearing bone defects, while highlighting potential areas for collaboration and providing an outlook on future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao Li
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories Kolling Institute Northern Sydney Local Health District Sydney Medical School Northern University of Sydney St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia
| | - Mohamed Ebied
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Jen Xu
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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29
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Case study: Reinforcement of 45S5 bioglass robocast scaffolds by HA/PCL nanocomposite coatings. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 75:114-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Xiao W, Zaeem MA, Li G, Bal BS, Rahaman MN. Tough and strong porous bioactive glass-PLA composites for structural bone repair. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2017; 52:9039-9054. [PMID: 28943655 PMCID: PMC5606147 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-0777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass scaffolds have been used to heal small contained bone defects but their application to repairing structural bone is limited by concerns about their mechanical reliability. In the present study, the addition of an adherent polymer layer to the external surface of strong porous bioactive glass (13-93) scaffolds was investigated to improve their toughness. Finite element modeling (FEM) of the flexural mechanical response of beams composed of a porous glass and an adherent polymer layer predicted a reduction in the tensile stress in the glass with increasing thickness and elastic modulus of the polymer layer. Mechanical testing of composites with structures similar to the models, formed from 13-93 glass and polylactic acid (PLA), showed trends predicted by the FEM simulations but the observed effects were considerably more dramatic. A PLA layer of thickness -400 µm, equal to -12.5% of the scaffold thickness, increased the load-bearing capacity of the scaffold in four-point bending by ~50%. The work of fracture increased by more than 10,000%, resulting in a non-brittle mechanical response. These bioactive glass-PLA composites, combining bioactivity, high strength, high work of fracture and an internal architecture shown to be conducive to bone infiltration, could provide optimal implants for healing structural bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri
University of Science and Engineering, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Mohsen Asle Zaeem
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri
University of Science and Engineering, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Guangda Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri
University of Science and Engineering, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
- Department of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471023
| | - B. Sonny Bal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri,
Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA
| | - Mohamed N. Rahaman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri
University of Science and Engineering, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
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31
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Araújo M, Viveiros R, Philippart A, Miola M, Doumett S, Baldi G, Perez J, Boccaccini A, Aguiar-Ricardo A, Verné E. Bioactivity, mechanical properties and drug delivery ability of bioactive glass-ceramic scaffolds coated with a natural-derived polymer. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:342-351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Zhang L, Ke X, Lin L, Xiao J, Yang X, Wang J, Yang G, Xu S, Gou Z, Shi Z. Systematic evaluation of the osteogenic capacity of low-melting bioactive glass-reinforced 45S5 Bioglass porous scaffolds in rabbit femoral defects. Biomed Mater 2017; 12:035010. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa6b5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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33
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Romero-Sánchez LB, Borrego-González S, Díaz-Cuenca A. High surface area biopolymeric-ceramic scaffolds for hard tissue engineering. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa7001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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34
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Macías-Andrés VI, Li W, Aguilar-Reyes EA, Ding Y, Roether JA, Harhaus L, León-Patiño CA, Boccaccini AR. Preparation and characterization of 45S5 bioactive glass-based scaffolds loaded with PHBV microspheres with daidzein release function. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1765-1774. [PMID: 28241393 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere loaded 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) based scaffolds with drug releasing capability have been developed. PHBV microspheres with a mean particle size 4 ± 2 μm loaded with daidzein were obtained by oil-in-water single emulsion solvent evaporation method and applied to the surface of BG scaffolds by dip coating technique. The morphology, in vitro bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF), mechanical properties and drug release kinetics of microsphere loaded scaffolds were studied. The microspheres were shown to be homogeneously dispersed on the scaffold surfaces. It was confirmed that hydroxyapatite crystals homogeneously grew not only on the surface of the scaffold but also on the surface of the microspheres within 3 days of immersion in SBF. The daidzein release from the microsphere loaded scaffolds lasted almost 1 month and was determined to be diffusion controlled. The microsphere loaded BG scaffolds with daidzein releasing capability obtained in this study are a candidate for bone tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1765-1774, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor I Macías-Andrés
- Instituto de Investigación en Metalúrgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, 58030, México
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Biomaterials, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Ena A Aguilar-Reyes
- Instituto de Investigación en Metalúrgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, 58030, México
| | - Yaping Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Polymer Materials, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Judith A Roether
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Polymer Materials, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Leila Harhaus
- Department of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Department of Hand- and Plastic Surgery of Heidelberg University, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Germany.,Department of Plastic Surgery of Heidelberg University, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, 67071, Germany
| | - Carlos A León-Patiño
- Instituto de Investigación en Metalúrgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, 58030, México
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Biomaterials, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
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35
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Motealleh A, Eqtesadi S, Perera FH, Pajares A, Guiberteau F, Miranda P. Understanding the role of dip-coating process parameters in the mechanical performance of polymer-coated bioglass robocast scaffolds. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 64:253-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Westhauser F, Weis C, Prokscha M, Bittrich LA, Li W, Xiao K, Kneser U, Kauczor HU, Schmidmaier G, Boccaccini AR, Moghaddam A. Three-dimensional polymer coated 45S5-type bioactive glass scaffolds seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells show bone formation in vivo. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:119. [PMID: 27272901 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
45S5-type bioactive glasses are a promising alternative to established substitutes for the treatment of bone defects. Because the three-dimensional (3D) structure of bone substitutes is crucial for bone ingrowth and formation, we evaluated the osteoinductive properties of different polymer coated 3D-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in vivo. BG scaffolds coated with gelatin, cross-linked gelatin, and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) were seeded with hMSC prior to implantation into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Newly formed bone was evaluated with histomorphometry and micro-computed tomography. Bone formation was detectable in all groups, whereas the gelatin-coated BG scaffolds showed the best results and should be considered in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Westhauser
- HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Weis
- Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (DIR), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthäus Prokscha
- HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leonie A Bittrich
- Clinic for Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, BG-Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Ludwig-Guttmann-Straße 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kai Xiao
- HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Clinic for Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, BG-Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Ludwig-Guttmann-Straße 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (DIR), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmidmaier
- HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
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37
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Bioactivity and Mechanical Stability of 45S5 Bioactive Glass Scaffolds Based on Natural Marine Sponges. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:1881-93. [PMID: 27034242 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) based scaffolds (45S5 BG composition) were developed by the replica technique using natural marine sponges as sacrificial templates. The resulting scaffolds were characterized by superior mechanical properties (compression strength up to 4 MPa) compared to conventional BG scaffolds prepared using polyurethane (PU) packaging foam as a template. This result was ascribed to a reduction of the total scaffold porosity without affecting the pore interconnectivity (>99%). It was demonstrated that the reduction of total porosity did not affect the bioactivity of the BG-based scaffolds, tested by immersion of scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF). After 1 day of immersion in SBF, a homogeneous CaP deposit on the surface of the scaffolds was formed, which evolved over time into carbonate hydroxyapatite (HCA). Moreover, the enhanced mechanical properties of these scaffolds were constant over time in SBF; after an initial reduction of the maximum compressive strength upon 7 days of immersion in SBF (to 1.2 ± 0.2 MPa), the strength values remained almost constant and higher than those of BG-based scaffolds prepared using PU foam (<0.05 MPa). Preliminary cell culture tests with Saos-2 osteoblast cell line, namely direct and indirect tests, demonstrated that no toxic residues remained from the natural marine sponge templates and that cells were able to proliferate on the scaffold surfaces.
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38
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Boccardi E, Philippart A, Juhasz-Bortuzzo JA, Beltrán AM, Novajra G, Vitale-Brovarone C, Spiecker E, Boccaccini AR. Uniform Surface Modification of 3D Bioglass(®)-Based Scaffolds with Mesoporous Silica Particles (MCM-41) for Enhancing Drug Delivery Capability. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:177. [PMID: 26594642 PMCID: PMC4635563 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and characterization of a new family of multifunctional scaffolds based on bioactive glass (BG) of 45S5 composition for bone tissue engineering and drug delivery applications are presented. These BG-based scaffolds are developed via a replication method of polyurethane packaging foam. In order to increase the therapeutic functionality, the scaffolds were coated with mesoporous silica particles (MCM-41), which act as an in situ drug delivery system. These sub-micron spheres are characterized by large surface area and pore volume with a narrow pore diameter distribution. The solution used for the synthesis of the silica mesoporous particles was designed to obtain a high-ordered mesoporous structure and spherical shape – both are key factors for achieving the desired controlled drug release. The MCM-41 particles were synthesized directly inside the BG-based scaffolds, and the drug-release capability of this combined system was evaluated. Moreover, the effect of MCM-41 particle coating on the bioactivity of the BG-based scaffolds was assessed. The results indicate that it is possible to obtain a multifunctional scaffold system characterized by high and interconnected porosity, high bioactivity, and sustained drug delivery capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boccardi
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Anahí Philippart
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Judith A Juhasz-Bortuzzo
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Ana M Beltrán
- Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Giorgia Novajra
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino , Turin , Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino , Turin , Italy
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
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39
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Fabrication of Poly-l-lactic Acid/Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate Composite Scaffolds with High Mechanical Strength-Implications for Bone Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2015; 6:1036-53. [PMID: 26556380 PMCID: PMC4695909 DOI: 10.3390/jfb6041036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffolds were fabricated from poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA)/dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) composite by indirect casting. Sodium citrate and PLLA were used to improve the mechanical properties of the DCPD scaffolds. The resulting PLLA/DCPD composite scaffold had increased diametral tensile strength and fracture energy when compared to DCPD only scaffolds (1.05 vs. 2.70 MPa and 2.53 vs. 12.67 N-mm, respectively). Sodium citrate alone accelerated the degradation rate by 1.5 times independent of PLLA. Cytocompatibility of all samples were evaluated using proliferation and differentiation parameters of dog-bone marrow stromal cells (dog-BMSCs). The results showed that viable dog-BMSCs attached well on both DCPD and PLLA/DCPD composite surfaces. In both DCPD and PLLA/DCPD conditioned medium, dog-BMSCs proliferated well and expressed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity indicating cell differentiation. These findings indicate that incorporating both sodium citrate and PLLA could effectively improve mechanical strength and biocompatibility without increasing the degradation time of calcium phosphate cement scaffolds for bone tissue engineering purposes.
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Shao H, Yang X, He Y, Fu J, Liu L, Ma L, Zhang L, Yang G, Gao C, Gou Z. Bioactive glass-reinforced bioceramic ink writing scaffolds: sintering, microstructure and mechanical behavior. Biofabrication 2015; 7:035010. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/3/035010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Stevanović M, Filipović N, Djurdjević J, Lukić M, Milenković M, Boccaccini A. 45S5Bioglass®-based scaffolds coated with selenium nanoparticles or with poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/selenium particles: Processing, evaluation and antibacterial activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 132:208-15. [PMID: 26047884 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the bone tissue engineering field, there is a growing interest in the application of bioactive glass scaffolds (45S5Bioglass(®)) due to their bone bonding ability, osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. However, such scaffolds still lack some of the required functionalities to enable the successful formation of new bone, e.g. effective antibacterial properties. A large number of studies suggest that selenium (Se) has significant role in antioxidant protection, enhanced immune surveillance and modulation of cell proliferation. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNp) have also been reported to possess antibacterial as well as antiviral activities. In this investigation, uniform, stable, amorphous SeNp have been synthesized and additionally immobilized within spherical PLGA particles (PLGA/SeNp). These particles were used to coat bioactive glass-based scaffolds synthesized by the foam replica method. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). SeNp, 45S5Bioglass(®)/SeNp and 45S5Bioglass(®)/PLGA/SeNp showed a considerable antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, one of the main causative agents of orthopedic infections. The functionalized Se-coated bioactive glass scaffolds represent a new family of bioactive, antibacterial scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Stevanović
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Nenad Filipović
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Djurdjević
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miodrag Lukić
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Milenković
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aldo Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Li W, Wang H, Ding Y, Scheithauer EC, Goudouri OM, Grünewald A, Detsch R, Agarwal S, Boccaccini AR. Antibacterial 45S5 Bioglass®-based scaffolds reinforced with genipin cross-linked gelatin for bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:3367-3378. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
45S5 Bioglass® (BG) scaffolds with high porosity (>90%) were coated with genipin cross-linked gelatin (GCG) and further incorporated with poly(p-xylyleneguanidine) hydrochloride (PPXG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Institute of Biomaterials
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Hui Wang
- University of Bayreuth
- Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - Yaping Ding
- Institute of Polymer Materials
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Ellen C. Scheithauer
- Institute of Biomaterials
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Ourania-Menti Goudouri
- Institute of Biomaterials
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Alina Grünewald
- Institute of Biomaterials
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Rainer Detsch
- Institute of Biomaterials
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Seema Agarwal
- University of Bayreuth
- Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
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Govindan R, Kumar GS, Girija EK. Polymer coated phosphate glass/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09258b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopolymer coated PG/HA composite scaffolds were prepared with enhanced mechanical properties for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Govindan
- Department of Physics
- Periyar University
- Salem 636 011
- India
| | - G. Suresh Kumar
- Department of Physics
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous)
- Tiruchengode 637 215
- India
| | - E. K. Girija
- Department of Physics
- Periyar University
- Salem 636 011
- India
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