Training and work process in Multiprofessional Residency in Health as innovative strategy

Analysis of professional training in Multiprofessional Health Residency Programs in Brazil from the perspective of residents

The aim of this study was to analyze professional training in multiprofessional health residency programs (MHRPs) in primary care from the perspective of residents from 20 programs who had completed residency in the period 2015-2019. We undertook a cross-sectional study analyzing criteria in the dimensions Pedagogical Approach and In-Service Education Settings responded using a 10-point Likert scale. The study sample consisted of 365 graduates from MHRPs in 12 Brazilian states. The highest-scoring criteria in the dimension Pedagogical Approach (Cronbach's α=0.94) were broad concept of care and professional training oriented towards comprehensive care (P50=10). The lowest scoring criteria were those involving preceptorship (P50=7). With regard to the In-Service Education Settings dimension (Cronbach's α=0.90), the main strength was group educational activities (P50=9) and the main weaknesses were adequacy of the physical structure of health facilities (P50=6), participation of residents in local health committees (P50=6), and coordination with medical residency programs (P50=5). The findings show that professional training in MHRPs is aligned with the principles and guidelines underpinning Brazil's public health system, with emphasis on comprehensiveness and prevention. However, efforts are needed to improve preceptor training and address weaknesses in practice settings.

Analysis of professional training in Multiprofessional Health Residency Programs in Brazil from the perspective of residents

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze professional training in multiprofessional health residency programs (MHRPs) in primary care from the perspective of residents from 20 programs who had completed residency in the period 2015-2019. We undertook a cross-sectional study analyzing criteria in the dimensions Pedagogical Approach and In-Service Education Settings responded using a 10-point Likert scale. The study sample consisted of 365 graduates from MHRPs in 12 Brazilian states. The highest-scoring criteria in the dimension Pedagogical Approach (Cronbach’s α=0.94) were broad concept of care and professional training oriented towards comprehensive care (P50=10). The lowest scoring criteria were those involving preceptorship (P50=7). With regard to the In-Service Education Settings dimension (Cronbach’s α=0.90), the main strength was group educational activities (P50=9) and the main weaknesses were adequacy of the physical structure of health facilities (P50=6), participation of residents in local health committees (P50=6), and coordination with medical residency programs (P50=5). The findings show that professional training in MHRPs is aligned with the principles and guidelines underpinning Brazil’s public health system, with emphasis on comprehensiveness and prevention. However, efforts are needed to improve preceptor training and address weaknesses in practice settings.

Competências em promoção da saúde: conformações e recursos mobilizados na residência multiprofissional

Resumo Objetivo reconhecer a conformação de competências em promoção da saúde na residência multiprofissional em saúde. Método estudo qualitativo, realizado junto aos programas de residência multiprofissional do estado do Ceará e orientado pelo referencial do Competences in Health Promotion Project (CompHP). Participaram 13 profissionais do colegiado docente de cinco programas de residência com atuação prioritária na atenção básica. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e interpretados por meio de dendrograma organizado no ALCESTE. Resultados duas classes foram originadas relacionando as concepções do colegiado docente da residência sobre competências, competência em promoção da saúde e seu desenvolvimento a partir do processo formativo da residência multiprofissional. O desenvolvimento de competências em promoção da saúde na residência multiprofissional envolve a articulação de atributos psicomotores, cognitivos e afetivos. Para tanto, valorizam-se as práticas coletivas e multiprofissionais, utilizando estratégias de comunicação, educação popular e identificação de parcerias, entre outros. Considerações finais e implicações para a prática fomentar o desenvolvimento de competências em promoção da saúde contribui com a superação de modelos tradicionais de ensino e práticas de saúde, entretanto, aspectos políticos, institucionais e sociais destacam a necessidade de cautela no desenvolvimento de estudos pautados na formação de equipes multiprofissionais, representando limitações do estudo.