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Santana TR, Silva PFD, Santana MLC, de Mattos CLLB, Faria-E-Silva AL. Effects of enamel moistening and repositioning guide color on tooth whitening outcomes: A clinical trial. Eur J Oral Sci 2024; 132:e12958. [PMID: 37853653 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This clinical trial investigated the effects of pre-application enamel moistening on the impact of a 37% carbamide peroxide whitener on tooth color changes and the influence of repositioning guide colors. Forty participants were randomly assigned to in-office tooth bleaching with either moistened enamel (experimental) or dry enamel (control). The whitener was applied for 45 min over two sessions. Tooth color was visually measured or assessed using a spectrophotometer with purple or green silicone guides. Tooth bleaching was assessed using CIE76 (ΔEab ) and CIEDE2000 (ΔE00 ) formulas and by whitening and bleaching index score changes. Moistening the enamel did not significantly affect tooth color. However, the guide color choice only impacted tooth color when measured instrumentally. At baseline, the green guide resulted in statistically significantly whiter teeth than the purple guide. Less pronounced differences in the b* coordinate between baseline and final measurements were found using the green guide. The green guide also produced lower ΔEab values and less change in indexes. In conclusion, moistening the enamel did not significantly impact tooth color changes. However, the repositioning guide color influenced the tooth bleaching measured instrumentally, except for ΔE00 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauan Rosa Santana
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Luis Faria-E-Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Dental School, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Carneiro TDS, Favoreto MW, Ferreira MWC, Bernardi LG, Andrade HFD, Bandeca MC, Reis A, Ceballos García L, Loguercio AD. In-office dental bleaching in adolescents using 6% hydrogen peroxide with different application tips: randomized clinical trial. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230216. [PMID: 37909527 PMCID: PMC10609651 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the availability of in-office bleaching gels with a 6% concentration of hydrogen peroxide (HP), these gels have not been evaluated in younger patients. They are commercially available with a tip, associated or not with a brush, where the tip with a brush spreads the gel over the entire surface to have a smaller thickness (thin layer) since the manufacturers indicate the application of a thin layer of gel. This randomized, split-mouth, double-blind clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of in-office bleaching with 6% HP in adolescents using different application tips, as well tooth sensitivity (TS) and aesthetic self-perception. METHODOLOGY Sixty participants were randomized for 6% HP self-mixing bleaching gel tip design: without brush and with brush. In-office bleaching was performed in 3 sessions of 50 minutes. Color change was evaluated using a digital spectrophotometer (ΔE ab , ΔE 00 , and ΔWI D ) and color guide (ΔSGU), the absolute risk and intensity of TS with a visual analogue scale and aesthetic self-perception with the oral aesthetic scale (a=0.05). RESULTS The groups achieved similar bleaching regardless of the application tip (p>0.05). However, only for ΔWI D , a significant mean difference (MD) was observed in the third week (MD 2.3; 95% CI 1.2 to 3.3; p < 0.001) and at one month (MD 1.6; 95% CI 0.6 to 2.6; p < 0.03) favoring the tip without brush. Regarding TS, 45% in the tip-without-brush group and 33% in the tip-with-brush group reported TS (odds ratio 0.61; 95% CI 0.29 to 1.28; p<0.02), with low TS intensity (MD 0.05; 95% CI -0.06 to 0.17; p>0.36). All patients reported improved aesthetic self-perception after bleaching (MD -1.3; 95% -1.8 to -0.9; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Regardless of the tip used bleaching with 6% HP achieved a bleaching efficacy and improved the aesthetic self-perception. However, a lower risk of TS for application using the tip with brush was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taynara de Souza Carneiro
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Departamento de Dentística Restauradora , Ponta Grossa , Brasil
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , IDIBO, Madrid , España
| | - Michael Willian Favoreto
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Departamento de Dentística Restauradora , Ponta Grossa , Brasil
| | | | - Laís Giacomini Bernardi
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Departamento de Dentística Restauradora , Ponta Grossa , Brasil
| | | | - Matheus Coelho Bandeca
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Departamento de Dentística Restauradora , Ponta Grossa , Brasil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Departamento de Dentística Restauradora , Ponta Grossa , Brasil
| | - Laura Ceballos García
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , IDIBO, Madrid , España
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Guanaes BKDA, Duarte TN, Correr GM, Kaizer MDR, Gonzaga CC. In-office dental bleaching with violet-LED: bleaching efficacy and pulpal temperature rise. Restor Dent Endod 2022; 47:e7. [PMID: 35284332 PMCID: PMC8891463 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2022.47.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the bleaching efficacy of different in-office protocols associated with violet light emitting diode (V-LED), and measured the pulpal temperature rise caused by V-LED with or without gel application. Materials and Methods Bovine incisors were distributed in 4 groups (n = 10): VL – V-LED; HP – 35% hydrogen peroxide (control); HYB – hybrid protocol, V-LED applied without gel for 10 irradiation cycles followed by V-LED applied with gel for another 10 irradiation cycles; and HPVL – gel and V-LED applied for 20 irradiation cycles. Three bleaching sessions were performed with 7-day intervals. Bleaching efficacy was evaluated with ΔEab*, ΔE00 and ΔWID. Data were recorded at baseline, 7, 14, 21 and 70 days. For pulpal temperature rise, thermocouples were placed inside the pulp chamber of human incisors. To determine intrapulpal temperature, the teeth were irradiated with V-LED with or without application of bleaching gel. Color difference data were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Pulpal temperature was analyzed by t-test (α = 5%). Results VL exhibited lower color (ΔEab* and ΔE00) and whiteness changes (ΔWID) than the other groups. HPVL presented higher color change values than HYB. HYB and HPVL showed not different ΔWID values; and HP showed the highest whiteness changes at all times. There were significant differences comparing ΔT with gel (8.9°C) and without gel application (7.2°C). Conclusions HPLV was more efficient than HYB. The 2 protocols with VL showed similar results to control. Gel application combined with VL promoted higher pulpal temperature than to the no gel group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Talyta Neves Duarte
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Gisele Maria Correr
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marina da Rosa Kaizer
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carla Castiglia Gonzaga
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Kury M, Lins RBE, Resende BDA, Picolo MZD, André CB, Cavalli V. The influence of the renewal or the single application of the peroxide gel on the efficacy and tooth sensitivity outcomes of in-office bleaching-A systematic review and meta-analysis. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 34:490-502. [PMID: 34623017 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To answer the question: "Does the peroxide gel application regimen (single application vs. renewal) influence the efficacy and the tooth sensitivity outcomes of in-office tooth bleaching?" METHODS The search was done in Pubmed, Cochrane, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE in February 2021 (updated in July 2021). Randomized clinical trials (RCT) comparing the single application vs. the renewal protocols of HP were included. The meta-analyses were performed for the objective (ΔEab ), subjective (ΔSGU) color changes, and absolute risk of tooth sensitivity (TS). Heterogeneity was evaluated using Q test (I2 ). Cochrane Collaboration tool assessed the risk of bias (RoB). The GRADE evaluated the certainty of evidence. RESULTS Five RCT studies remained. Two studies showed high RoB, and three presented some concerns. No significant differences were observed between the protocols in terms of the ΔEab , ΔSGU, and TS. ΔEab exhibited substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 87%), while ΔSGU (I2 = 60%) and the TS (I2 = 62%) presented a moderate one. The certainty of evidence was considered low or very low, depending on the variable response and the evaluation time. CONCLUSION The application regimen (single vs. renewal of HP) did not impact color change or the absolute risk of TS. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The renewal of bleaching gel during the in-office appointment may not be necessary. However, there is at least a low certainty of evidence. Because of this, further randomized clinical trials with appropriate methodology on this topic are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Kury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Barros Esteves Lins
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Almeida Resende
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara Zaghi Dal Picolo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Bosso André
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cavalli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Oliveira PHC, Oliveira LHC, Oliveira MRC, Moriyama C, de Paula E, de Vito Moraes AG, De Melo Deanna A, Zanin FAA, Gomes AO, Brugnera Junior A, Bussadori SK. In Vitro Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dental Bleaching with Carbamide Peroxide and Violet Light. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2021; 39:535-543. [PMID: 34342514 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the current study was to use the CIELab system to evaluate the performance of the whitening treatment involving violet light-emitting diode (LED) combined with a home 10% and 22% carbamide peroxide dental bleaching technique on dental enamel. Methods: Fifty blocks of bovine dental enamel were divided into five groups: control group (control), receiving only LED irradiation; Whitening 10%, receiving 10% carbamide peroxide treatment; Whitening 10%+VL, receiving 10% carbamide peroxide treatment combined with LED irradiation; Whitening 22%, receiving 22% carbamide peroxide treatment; and Whitening 22%+VL, receiving 22% carbamide peroxide treatment combined with violet LED irradiation. Color tests were performed before the protocols, after 1 week and after 2 weeks of treatment by using a spectrophotometer and the CIELab parameters: L*, (a*) and (b*). The Whitening 10%, Whitening 10%+VL, Whitening 22% and Whitening 22%+VL groups were submitted to 10% and 22% carbamide peroxide 8 h per day for 14 days, whereas the Control was only stored in artificial saliva. For irradiation in the Control, Whitening 10%+VL, and Whitening 22%+VL groups, we used violet LED at a wavelength of 405-410 nm activated for 60 permanent seconds and 30 sec of pause once per week. As all data exhibited normal distribution, the comparisons were performed by using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. A post hoc t-test was employed, followed by the Ryan-Holm stepdown Bonferroni procedure. Results: After 1 week, the Whitening 22%+VL group differed significantly from all other groups in relation to hue, while no difference was found between the remaining groups (p < 0.05). Analyzing lightness, the Whitening 22%+VL and Whiteness10%+VL groups differed from the other groups (p > 0.05). In the 2nd week, the Whitening 22%+VL groups differed significantly from all other groups (p < 0.05) in hue, chroma, and lightness. The comparative analysis of bleaching times within the same group revealed significant differences in the Whitening 22%+VL group between baseline and week 1, baseline and week 2, as well as weeks 1 and 2 in terms of hue (p > 0.05). In the Whitening 22%+VL group, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between baseline and week 2 as well as between weeks 1 and 2 in chroma (p > 0.05). In the Whitening 22%+VL group, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between baseline and week 1, baseline and week 2, as well as between weeks 1 and 2 in lightness. In the Whitening 10%+VL group, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between baseline and week 1, between baseline and week 2, as well as between weeks 1 and 2 in lightness. Conclusions: Tooth whitening treatment involving 10% and 22% carbamide peroxide combined with violet light promoted changes in the three axes of color (ΔH, ΔC, and ΔL) of the specimens evaluated. The use of the gel bleach alone was more efficient when the higher concentration was used. When violet light was combined with the gel, the lower concentration was more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Caroline Moriyama
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Graduate Program in Dentistry, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Eloisa de Paula
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Graduate Program in Dentistry, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - André Guaraci de Vito Moraes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Graduate Program in Dentistry, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil.,Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology at University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro De Melo Deanna
- Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University of Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Oliver Gomes
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldo Brugnera Junior
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of the São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University of Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
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Dietrich L, de Assis Costa MDM, Blumenberg C, Nascimento GG, Paranhos LR, da Silva GR. A meta-analysis of ozone effect on tooth bleaching. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13177. [PMID: 34162984 PMCID: PMC8222366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of ozone (O3) in the color change of in-office tooth bleaching in vital teeth (TB) and the sensitivity control. Only randomized controlled clinical trials were included. Seven databases were used as primary search sources, and three additional sources were searched to capture the "grey literature" partially. The JBI tool was used to assess the risk of bias. TB was assessed using the ΔELab color change metric comparing tooth color pre- and post-bleaching. We meta-analyzed the ΔELab estimates per method and calculated the absolute standardized mean difference using random-effect models. The GRADE approach assessed the certainty of the evidence. The ΔELab estimates ranged from 1.28 when the O3 was used alone to 6.93 when combined with hydrogen peroxide (HP). Two studies compared O3 and HP alone, but their TB was similar (SMD = - 0.02; 95%CI: - 0.54; 0.49). The bleaching effectiveness for the combination of O3 + HP compared to HP was similar (SMD = 0.38; 95%CI: - 0.04; 0.81). Thus, based on the available literature, our findings suggest that O3 is not superior to the conventional technique using HP on the change of tooth color. The O3 did not present sensitivity when used alone. When O3 was used in combination with HP, patients reported hypersensitivity only when O3 was applied before HP, i.e., no sensitivity was perceived when O3 was applied after HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Dietrich
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo G Nascimento
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Gisele Rodrigues da Silva
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Kiyuna RC, Martins LM, Hanzen TA, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Silva LM. Comparison of the Effect of Agitation on Whitening and Tooth Sensitivity of In-Office Bleaching: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Oper Dent 2021; 46:143-150. [PMID: 34143220 DOI: 10.2341/19-223-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This single-blind, split-mouth, randomized trial was aimed at evaluating the bleaching efficacy (BE) and tooth sensitivity (TS) of a 20% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching agent used under active or passive application. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty-two patients with canines darker than C2 were selected. Teeth were bleached in two sessions, with a one-week interval between treatments. The bleaching agent was applied using active (HPactive) or passive (HPpassive) application. Each tooth in the HPactive-allocated hemiarch received bleaching gel with sonic activation after 10 and 30 minutes from the start of treatment, with rounded movements all over the buccal surface. The color changes were evaluated by subjective (Vita Classical and Vita Bleachedguide) and objective (VITA Easyshade Spectrophotometer) methods at baseline and 30 days after the second session. TS was recorded up to 48 hours after treatment using a 0-10 visual analog scale. Color change in shade guide units (SGUs) and ΔE was analyzed using a Wilcoxon test (α=0.05). The absolute risk and intensity of TS were evaluated using McNemar test and a Wilcoxon test, respectively (α=0.05). RESULTS Significant whitening was observed in both groups after 30 days of clinical evaluation. The activation did not significantly influence BE (ΔSGU HPpassive=5.6 and HPActive=5.8; p=0.98; and ΔE HPpassive=10.6 and HPactive=10.3; p=0.83). Absolute risk of TS (HPactive=36.4% and HPpassive=31.8%; p=0.94) was similar for both groups (Fisher exact test). TS intensity (visual analogue scale) was higher during the bleaching sessions and up to 24 hours thereafter for both groups, with no differences between groups (twoway analysis of variance and Tukey). CONCLUSION The active application of a 20% HP gel did not improve BE and TS.
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Eyyd A, Aldosari A, Alyousef S, Alsadhan N, Ansari SH. Knowledge and Perception of Saudi High School Boys towards Teeth Whitening/Bleaching. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.51847/ciq5kzj7ib] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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In-office bleaching with low/medium vs. high concentrate hydrogen peroxide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2020; 103:103499. [PMID: 33068711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To answer the following research question: "Dolow/medium hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentrations used for in-office bleaching in patients with permanent dentition have similar color change and bleaching sensitivity (BS) to high HP concentrations?" DATA Randomized controlled trials that compared low/medium vs. high concentrate HP were included. The risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Meta-analyses were conducted for color change (ΔE*ab, ΔSGU/SGU), risk, and intensity of BS, using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochrane Q test, I2 statistics, and prediction interval. The GRADE assessed the certainty of the evidence. SOURCES Search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, BBO, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science and grey literature on 15th September 2018 (updated on 13th May 2020). STUDY SELECTION 25 studies remained. Five were at low RoB; thirteen were at unclear RoB, and seven were at high RoB. The risk of having BS was, on average, 33 % lower (RR = 0.67; 95 % CI 0.51 to 0.86) for low/medium concentrate HP than high HP. No significant difference in color change was detected among groups, except from the subgroup low vs. high HP for the immediate color change, but this difference is not clinically relevant. The certainty of evidence for color change was low and very low, and moderate for the BS. CONCLUSIONS Low and medium hydrogen peroxide concentrate products for in-office bleaching have lower risk and intensity of bleaching sensitivity than the high concentrate hydrogen peroxide group, with no difference in color change efficacy. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of low concentrate hydrogen peroxide products may produce the same color change efficacy with the bonus of having lower risk and intensity of bleaching sensitivity. However, the ideal concentration at which this occurs is yet unknown and deserves further investigations. No funding. PROSPERO CRD42018108266.
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The effects of hybrid light activation and enamel acid etching on the effectiveness, stability and sensitivity after a single session in-office bleaching: A 12-month clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:22-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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