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Legarreta-Muela F, Esparza Romero J, Terminel-Zaragoza R, Toledo-Domínguez I, Quintero-Portillo H, Ulloa-Mercado G, Gortares-Moroyoqui P, Meza-Escalante E, Rentería-Mexía AM. Associations between dietary intake and physical activity, as behavioral indicators, with body fat in adolescents from Mexico. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:1127-1135. [PMID: 37522461 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases is currently a priority due to its relationship with COVID-19 complications. Unhealthy lifestyles, like inadequate diet and physical inactivity, are the cornerstone for obesity and cardiometabolic risk. Objective: to examine the association between diet and physical activity with body fat in Mexican adolescents. Methods: the study was cross-sectional. Data included socio-demographic variables, health history and smoking habit obtained through questionnaires; blood pressure and anthropometry measurements; food and nutrient intake through 24-hour recalls; and physical activities through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Univariate analyses were used and multiple models were built by stepwise forward selection (p ≤ 0.05 and biological plausibility). Results: participants were n = 230 students, 18.5 ± 0.4 years and 54.8 % men. Three models associated with body fat were obtained. In the first model, saturated fatty acids (β = 0.30, p = 0.028) were significant positive associated, while vigorous physical activity was significant negative associated as a protective factor (β = -0.007, p = 0.023). In the second model, total fat (β = 0.17, p = 0.005) was significant positive associated, and vigorous physical activity was significant negative associated (β = -0.007, p = 0.023). The third model included fruits and vegetables (β = -5.49, p = 0.092) and vigorous physical activity (β = -0.006, p = 0.058) as protective factors. Conclusions: dietary intake of total fat and saturated fatty acids, and vigorous physical activity, were significantly associated with body fat, while fruits and vegetables trended toward significance, in Mexican adolescents. Community-based programs that promote intake of protective foods and reduction of risky foods, and encourage vigorous physical activity, are needed in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julián Esparza Romero
- Diabetes Research Unit. Department of Public Nutrition and Health. Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Edna Meza-Escalante
- Department of Water and Environment Sciences. Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora
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Oliveira GAL, Barrio DOL, Araújo GS, Saldanha MP, Schincaglia RM, Gubert MB, Toral N. Validation of the illustrated questionnaire on food consumption for Brazilian schoolchildren (QUACEB) for 6- to 10-year-old children. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1051499. [PMID: 37808993 PMCID: PMC10559973 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1051499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Evaluating the food consumption of school-aged children is crucial to monitor their dietary habits, promote targeted interventions, and contribute public policies that aimed healthy eating. In this context, our objective was to develop and validate the Illustrated Questionnaire on Food Consumption for Brazilian Schoolchildren (QUACEB) of 6 to 10 years old, which is a self-reported illustrated recall. Methods Validity was obtained in four stages as follows: selection of foods, validation of items, validation of illustrations, and pretest. Foods were selected by considering the data from the main surveys that have been conducted with the Brazilian population and schoolchildren in recent years, the degree of food processing, and the main foods from each of the country's five macroregions. The content of the items was validated by comparing the children's and their parent's responses. For this, the questionnaire was published in an online format, and 6- to 10-year-old elementary schoolchildren were recruited using the snowball technique. The first part of the questionnaire was answered by the parent after the child's lunch, and the second was completed by the child the following day. Thirty-two parent and child dyads participated. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and kappa (k) tests were performed. Results Of the 30 foods presented on the questionnaire, 15 were reported as consumed. High sensitivity (mean of 88.5%), high specificity (average of 92.0%), substantial agreement (k = 0.78), low disagreement (6.2%), and AUC of 0.90 were found. The illustrations were validated in a focus group with fourth-grade children from a school chosen for convenience. The food illustrations were designed for children, who were asked to name the food. Eighteen children participated and verified that the images were representative of the foods. In the pretest, three schools were chosen for convenience that announced the link to the online questionnaire in WhatsApp groups of parents with students from first to fifth grade. Fifteen children answered the questionnaire and 86.7% (n = 13) judged it excellent or good. Conclusion Thus, the food consumption questionnaire is valid for elementary schoolchildren of 6 to 10 years old and can be applied in research to assess the dietary patterns of children in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Angela Leonel Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Daniela Oliveira Llorente Barrio
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Soutinho Araújo
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Marina Pimentel Saldanha
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Muriel Bauermann Gubert
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Natacha Toral
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Souza SFD, Conceição-Machado MEPD, Costa PRDF, Cunha CDM, Queiroz VADO, Santana MLPD, Leite LDO, Assis AMDO. Degree of food processing and association with overweight and abdominal obesity in adolescents. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2022; 20:eAO6619. [PMID: 35584445 PMCID: PMC9094610 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2022ao6619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the association between the degree of food processing, overweight, and abdominal obesity in adolescents. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, with 576 adolescents aged 10 to 17 years, of both sexes. Food consumption was collected using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and foods classified as in natura or minimally processed, processed foods associated with culinary ingredients, and ultraprocessed foods. Sociodemographic data, body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were collected. The analysis was evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test and prevalence ratio with 95% confidence interval, considering p<0.05. Results An intake above the third quartile of processed foods associated with culinary ingredients (prevalence ratio of 1.64; 95%CI: 1.12-2.42) and ultraprocessed (prevalence ratio of 1.58; 95%CI: 1.07-2.34) was associated with a higher prevalence of overweight. Consumption above the third quartile of ultraprocessed foods was associated with a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity, assessed by waist circumference (prevalence ratio of 2.48; 95%CI: 1.41-4.36), and waist-height ratio (prevalence ratio of 2.09; 95%CI: 1.11-3.92). Conclusion A higher consumption of processed foods associated with culinary ingredients was related to being overweight, and ultraprocessed foods with overweight and abdominal obesity.
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Matsuo LH, Adami F, Silva DAS, de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos F, Longo GZ, Schoueri JHM, de Fragas Hinnig P. Assessment of the median ages at sexual maturation stages of Brazilian schoolchildren according to overweight status and type of school over a 5-year period: 2007-2012/2013. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23677. [PMID: 34510603 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A secular trend of earlier puberty has been observed in girls, and, although more uncertain in boys, is associated with an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. We aimed to compare the median ages of sexual maturation stages in schoolchildren from a city in southern Brazil over a 5-year period, according to weight status and type of school. METHODS Two cross-sectional studies were performed in 2007 and 2012/2013, including 2215 and 1614 schoolchildren, respectively. Body mass index z-scores were calculated and categorized as either nonoverweight or overweight (including obesity). The type of school was categorized as either public or private. Sexual maturation was self-assessed according to the Tanner stages. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to compare the median ages of sexual maturation stages. RESULTS The median age decreased for almost all stages over the 5-year period in both sexes. In boys, the decrease ranged from 0.3 to 1.0 years (stages 2, 3, 4, and 5 for genitalia, and stages 2 and 4 for pubic hair), and from 0.3 to 0.7 years (stages 2, 3, and 4 for breast, and stages 3, 4, and 5 for pubic hair). In 2012, overweight students had lower median ages for most stages compared to those in 2007, especially in girls. Differences by type of school were balanced across years. CONCLUSIONS The median age of Tanner's stages after 5 years was reduced in both sexes. In overweight girls, the reduction was more pronounced. The results by type of school were inconsistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Harumi Matsuo
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fernando Adami
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Data Analysis, University Center Health ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | | | - Giana Zarbato Longo
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Wagner KJP, de Fragas Hinnig P, Rossi CE, de Almeida Alves M, Leite MS, de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos F. Time trends in the prevalence of breastfeeding among schoolchildren from public and private schools in Florianópolis, Southern Brazil: From 2002 to 2013. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 32:e23386. [PMID: 31930770 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe breastfeeding trends from 2002 to 2012/2013, and to investigate whether breastfeeding practices differ between mothers of children in public and private schools. METHODS Data were obtained from three school-based cross-sectional studies conducted with 7 to 10 years old children. The total sample was 7264 individuals. Data related to breastfeeding were analyzed descriptively and compared using the chi-square test for heterogeneity or trend. RESULTS In the 10-year period was observed a decrease in the total percentage of schoolchildren who were not breastfed (12.9%-10.5%) and an increase in the percentage of schoolchildren breastfed for >12 months (23.9%-36.7%). In public schools, the increase of breastfeeding for >12 months was independent of maternal age and years of schooling. In private schools, the increase was observed for schoolchildren born to older mothers and to more educated mothers, although the highest percentage was observed for schoolchildren born to less educated mothers. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm the complexity of determining breastfeeding behaviors, and understanding these dynamics is fundamental to develop and improve programs and actions aimed at encouraging, supporting, and protecting breastfeeding. However, strategies developed in Brazil during the first decade of the 21st century should explain the increase of proportion of breastfed children for more than 12 months, and the concomitant decrease of never breastfeed children in the city of Florianopolis (Southern Brazil).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Jakovljevic Pudla Wagner
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, School of Health Science, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Brazil.,Campus Curitibanos - Centro, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, School of Health Science, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Brazil
| | - Camila E Rossi
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, School of Health Science, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Brazil.,Federal University of Fronteira Sul. Campus, Realeza, Brazil
| | - Mariane de Almeida Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, School of Health Science, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Brazil.,Public Health Faculty, Department of Nutrition, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio S Leite
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, School of Health Science, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Brazil
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Farias EDS, Carvalho WRGD, Moraes AMD, Santos JPD, Gemelli IFB, Souza OFD. INACTIVE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENT STUDENTS OF THE BRAZILIAN WESTERN AMAZON. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2019; 37:345-350. [PMID: 31166469 PMCID: PMC6868557 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;3;00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the prevalence of physical inactivity in adolescent students in
the city of Porto Velho, RO, Northern Brazil, and its associated
factors. Methods: School-based study, conducted with 2,694 adolescents. The self-reported
variable for outcome was physical inactivity. Factors associated with
inactive behavior were verified by multiple logistic regression. The
independent variables were inserted into the model in hierarchical
blocks. Results: The overall prevalence of inactive behavior was 39.5%. Females showed a
higher prevalence of physical inactivity (46.2%) than males (31.4%).
Adolescents in private schools and with reports of negative health
perception had a high prevalence of physical inactivity. Regarding
associated factors, the female sex showed a magnitude of association of 1.84
with physical inactivity. Being in a private school was associated with a
2.54 times greater chance of physical inactivity compared to public school
students. Going to school by bus, car or motorcycle was associated with a
1.29 and 1.63 higher chance of physical inactivity respectively. Adolescents
who reported having a negative health perception had 1.29 higher chance of
physical inactivity, while having excess body fat showed magnitude of
association of 1.36 in adolescents. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of physical inactivity in the studied
adolescents. Considering that the behavior of physical inactivity adopted
during adolescence may continue in adulthood, the promotion of actions that
can change this behavior may improve health in the future as well as quality
of life.
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Corrêa EN, Retondario A, Alves MDA, Bricarello LP, Rockenbach G, Hinnig PDF, Neves JD, de Vasconcelos FDAG. Utilization of food outlets and intake of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among 7 to 14-year-old schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2018; 136:200-207. [PMID: 29617468 PMCID: PMC9907741 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0211061217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to food retailers is an environmental determinant that influences what people consume. This study aimed to test the association between the use of food outlets and schoolchildren's intake of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study conducted in public and private schools in Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, from September 2012 to June 2013. METHODS The sample consisted of randomly selected clusters of schoolchildren aged 7 to 14 years, who were attending 30 schools. Parents or guardians provided socioeconomic and demographic data and answered questions about use of food outlets. Dietary intake was surveyed using a dietary recall questionnaire based on the previous day's intake. The foods or food groups were classified according to the level of processing. Negative binomial regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS We included 2,195 schoolchildren in the study. We found that buying foods from snack bars or fast-food outlets was associated with the intake frequency of ultra-processed foods among 11-14 years old in an adjusted model (incidence rate ratio, IRR: 1.11; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.01;1.23). Use of butchers was associated with the intake frequency of unprocessed/minimally processed foods among children 11-14 years old in the crude model (IRR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01;1.22) and in the adjusted model (IRR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.06;1.17). CONCLUSIONS Use of butchers was associated with higher intake of unprocessed/minimally processed foods while use of snack bars or fast-food outlets may have a negative impact on schoolchildren's dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Nappi Corrêa
- PhD. Dietitian and Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
| | - Anabelle Retondario
- MSc. Dietitian and Doctoral Student, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
| | | | - Liliana Paula Bricarello
- MSc. Dietitian and Doctoral Student, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
| | - Gabriele Rockenbach
- PhD. Dietitian and Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
| | - Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig
- PhD. Dietitian and Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
| | - Janaina das Neves
- PhD. Dietitian and Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
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LIMA TRD, ZANELATTO C, BASTOS JL, VASCONCELOS FDAGD, SILVA DAS. Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of obese students with sleep problems in Southern Brazil. REV NUTR 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652018000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective This study estimated the combined prevalence of insufficient number of hours of sleep per day and excess body adiposity among young students. The sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics associated with this concurrent health conditions were investigated. Methods This is a cross-sectional school-based study of 975 participants aged 11-14 years in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Body adiposity was assessed based on tricipital and subscapular skinfold measurements and classified according to Lohman. The total number of hours of sleep per day was reported by the students’ parents/guardians, and it was classified as follows: as <8 hours per day and ≥8 hours per day. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, food consumption, and physical activity were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression with a 5% significance level were used to evaluate the association between the variables. Results The combined prevalence of insufficient number of hours of sleep per day and excess body adiposity was 25.1% (CI95%:20.7-29.9). The sociodemographic and behavioral factors predictive of these conditions were as follows: 13-14 year age group and household monthly income in the intermediate tertile. Conclusion The concurrent presence of insufficient sleep and excess body adiposity was found in a little more than a quarter of the students investigated. The population subgroups belonging to the 13-14 year age group and intermediate tertile of income were more likely to have concurrent insufficient number of hours of sleep per day and excess body adiposity.
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PINHO MGMD, ADAMI F, BENEDET J, VASCONCELOS FDAGD. Association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents. REV NUTR 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652017000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective The association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents was analysed in this study. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 963 Brazilian adolescents, aged between 11 and 14 years were evaluated. Body mass index was used to assess overweight/obesity. Dietary patterns and screen time were assessed using qualitative questionnaires. Principal component analysis was used to obtain dietary patterns. Confounder variables were: type of school (public or private), sexual maturation, mother’s weight and mother’s education. The Chi-square test was used for the crude analysis; for the adjusted analysis was used Poisson regression with sample weighting. Results Overweight/obesity prevalence was 29.8% and statistically higher among boys (34.7%). Higher screen time prevalence was 39.1%. The dietary patterns obtained were: obesogenic; coffee and dairy products; traditional Brazilian meal; fruit and vegetables; bread and chocolate milk. The dietary pattern that more closely represented student food consumption was the obesogenic pattern. Screen time was not significantly associated with overweight/obesity. The obesogenic pattern (in both sexes), the coffee and dairy products pattern, and the bread and chocolate milk pattern (only in girls), were inversely associated with overweight/obesity. In this study, dietary patterns influenced overweight/obesity, although in some cases, in an inverse way from what expected. Conclusion A high prevalence of overweight/obesity and a high proportion of screen time activities among the adolescents were observed. Our results indicate a high consumption of unhealthy dietary pattern among adolescents.
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