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Hu C, Xia Y, Zeng D, Ye M, Mei T. Effect of resistance circuit training on comprehensive health indicators in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8823. [PMID: 38627495 PMCID: PMC11021536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The aging process leads to the degeneration of body structure and function. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of resistance circuit training (RCT) on comprehensive health indicators of older adults. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched until August 2023. Primary outcomes were body composition, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, blood pressure, and functional autonomy. Muscle function and exercise intensity subgroups were analyzed. RCT reduces body fat (MD = - 5.39 kg, 95% CI - 10.48 to - 0.29), BMI (MD = - 1.22, 95% CI - 2.17 to - 0.26), and body weight (MD = - 1.28 kg, 95% CI - 1.78 to - 0.78), and increases lean body mass (MD = 1.42 kg, 95% CI 0.83-2.01) in older adults. It improves upper limb strength (SMD = 2.09, 95% CI 1.7-2.48), lower limb strength (SMD = 2.03, 95% CI 1.56-2.51), cardiorespiratory endurance (MD = 94 m, 95% CI 25.69-162.67), and functional autonomy (MD = - 1.35, 95% CI - 1.73 to - 0.96). High-intensity RCT benefits BMI and body weight, while low-intensity exercise reduces blood pressure. RCT improves muscle function in push, pull, hip, and knee movements in older adults. RCT improves body composition, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, blood pressure, and functional autonomy in older adults. High-intensity training is superior for body composition, while moderate to low intensity training is more effective for lowering blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Hu
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yunpeng Xia
- Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dongye Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mingyi Ye
- Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tao Mei
- Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Leitão L, Campos Y, Louro H, Figueira ACC, Figueiredo T, Pereira A, Conceição A, Marinho DA, Neiva HP. Detraining and Retraining Effects from a Multicomponent Training Program on the Functional Capacity and Health Profile of Physically Active Prehypertensive Older Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:271. [PMID: 38275551 PMCID: PMC10815818 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resuming a physical exercise program after a period of cessation is common in older women. Monitoring the responses during this detraining (DT) and retraining (RT) may allow us to analyze how the body reacts to an increase and a reduction in physical inactivity. Therefore, we conducted a follow-up training, DT, and RT in prehypertensive older women to analyze the response to these periods. METHODS Twenty-three prehypertensive older women (EG; 68.3 ± 2.8 years; 1.61 ± 0.44 m) performed 36 weeks of the multicomponent training program (MTP) followed by twelve weeks of DT plus eight weeks of RT. Fifteen prehypertensive older women (CG; 66.3 ± 3.2 years; 1.59 ± 0.37 m) maintained their normal routine. Functional capacity (FC), lipid, and hemodynamic profile were assessed before, during 24 and 36 weeks of the MTP, after 4 and 12 weeks of DT, and after 8 weeks of RT. RESULTS After 24 weeks of the MTP, only SBP did not improve. Four weeks of DT did not affect lower body strength (30-CS), TC, or GL. Eight weeks of RT improved BP (SBP: -2.52%; ES: 0.36; p < 0.00; DBP: -1.45%; ES: 0.44; p < 0.02), handgrip strength (3.77%; ES: 0.51; p < 0.00), and 30-CS (3.17%; ES: 0.38; p < 0.04) compared with 36 weeks of the MTP. CONCLUSIONS Eight weeks of RT allowed patients to recover the benefits lost with detraining, which after only four weeks affected them negatively, and the systematic practice of exercise contributed to greater regulation of BP since 24 weeks of the MTP proved not to be enough to promote positive effects of SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Leitão
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (D.A.M.); (H.P.N.)
| | - Yuri Campos
- Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil;
- Study Group and Research in Neuromuscular Responses, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo Louro
- Department of Sport Sciences, Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Santarém, Portugal; (H.L.); (A.C.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Corrêa Figueira
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Teresa Figueiredo
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana Pereira
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana Conceição
- Department of Sport Sciences, Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Santarém, Portugal; (H.L.); (A.C.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniel A. Marinho
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (D.A.M.); (H.P.N.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Henrique P. Neiva
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (D.A.M.); (H.P.N.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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Resistance Circuit Training or Walking Training: Which Program Improves Muscle Strength and Functional Autonomy More in Older Women? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148828. [PMID: 35886680 PMCID: PMC9319797 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of two programs (resistance and walking training) on the functional autonomy and muscle strength (isometric and dynamic) of older women, 67 subjects were divided randomly into three groups: resistance training (RTG; Mean = 64.70 ± 6.74 years), walking (WG, Mean = 65.56 ± 7.82 years), and control (CG; Mean = 64.81 ± 4.34). The experimental groups underwent a 16-week intervention. Muscle strength (isometric and dynamic) and functional autonomy were assessed. The subjects participating in the RTG showed improvements in the comparison pre to post-test in the maximal forces of upper limb (MULS) (Δ% = 49.48%; p = 0.001) and lower limb (MLLS) (Δ% = 56.70%; p = 0.001), isometric biceps forces (BIS) (Δ% = 30.13%; p = 0.001) and quadriceps forces (QIS) (Δ% = 65.92%; p = 0.001), and in the general index (GI) of functional autonomy (Δ% = −18.32%; p = 0.002). The WG improved in all functional autonomy tests, except for the standing up from prone position test (SVDP). In strength tests, the WG obtained improvements only in the QIS (Δ% = 41.80%; p = 0.001) and MLLS (Δ% = 49.13%; p = 0.001) tests. The RTG obtained better results (p < 0.05) when compared to the WG and CG. The results allow us to infer that resistance exercise programs are more effective in increasing strength and functional autonomy, a fact that may mitigate the deleterious effects on health of aging.
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Sobrinho ACDS, de Almeida ML, Rodrigues GDS, Finzeto LC, Silva VRR, Bernatti RF, Bueno Junior CR. Effect of Flexibility Training Associated with Multicomponent Training on Posture and Quality of Movement in Physically Inactive Older Women: A Randomized Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010709. [PMID: 34682455 PMCID: PMC8536106 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Multicomponent training has considerable adherence among older populations, but there is a lack of literature on the benefits of this training on older people’s posture. Literature also lacks stretching protocols that work the body in an integrated/unified way and respect the principle of individuality in exercise training. We evaluated the effect of a multicomponent training protocol combined or not with flexibility training in improving the posture and quality of movement in physically inactive older women, according to a score lower than 9.11 in the Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly (MBQE). Methods: 142 participants were evaluated and randomized in three training groups: multicomponent training (MT = 52), multicomponent and flexibility training (MFT = 43), and a control group (CG = 47). We evaluated joint amplitude using goniometry, flexibility with sit and reach and hands behind the back tests, quality of movement with the functional movement screen, and posture using biophotogammetry. Results: The MFT group had 15 parameters—flexibility and posture—with a very large effect size (ES > 1.30) and nine with average ES (0.50–0.79). MT presented two variables with large ES (0.80–1.25) and seven with average ES. CG presented three variables with high ES and five with average ES. Both interventions improved the quality of movement. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that 14 weeks of multicomponent and flexibility training in a group intervention can improve flexibility and posture levels in physically inactive older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Crystine da Silva Sobrinho
- School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (G.d.S.R.)
| | - Mariana Luciano de Almeida
- College of Nursing of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues
- School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (G.d.S.R.)
| | - Larissa Chacon Finzeto
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Vagner Ramon Rodrigues Silva
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil;
| | - Rodrigo Fenner Bernatti
- University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr. Armando de Sáles Oliveira 201, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Junior
- School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.d.S.S.); (G.d.S.R.)
- College of Nursing of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(16)-3315-0346
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Characteristics of Physical Exercise Programs for Older Adults in Latin America: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062812. [PMID: 33802095 PMCID: PMC8000929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To characterize physical exercise programs for older adults in Latin America. METHODS This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. A search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between the years 2015 and 2020 was performed in the Scopus, MedLine and SciELO databases. RESULTS A total of 101 RCTs were included. A large percentage of the studies had an unclear risk of bias in the items: selection, performance, detection and attribution. Furthermore, a heterogeneous level of compliance was observed in the CERT items. A total sample of 5013 older adults (79% women) was included. 97% of the studies included older adults between 60-70 years, presenting an adherence to the interventions of 86%. The studies were mainly carried out in older adults with cardiometabolic diseases. Only 44% of the studies detailed information regarding the place of intervention; of these studies, 61% developed their interventions in university facilities. The interventions were mainly based on therapeutic physical exercise (89% of the articles), with a duration of 2-6 months (95% of the articles) and a frequency of 2-3 times a week (95% of the articles) with sessions of 30-60 min (94% of the articles) led by sports science professionals (51% of the articles). The components of physical fitness that were exercised the most were muscular strength (77% of the articles) and cardiorespiratory fitness (47% of the articles). Furthermore, only 48% of the studies included a warm-up stage and 34% of the studies included a cool-down stage. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review characterized the physical exercise programs in older adults in Latin America, as well the most frequently used outcome measures and instruments, by summarizing available evidence derived from RCTs. The results will be useful for prescribing future physical exercise programs in older adults.
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Cárcamo-Regla R, Zapata-Lamana R, Ulloa N, Cigarroa I. [Where and how is multicomponent exercise being applied, and in which elderly people, in order to obtain health benefits? A systematic review]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2021; 56:100-108. [PMID: 33431198 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the characteristics of older adults (OA) and to give an account of how and when multicomponent exercise (MCE) has been used to improve physical and psychological health, as well as their cognitive function. This systematic review was conducted on 21 articles published in PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science databases from 2009 to 2019, using the procedures set out in the PRISMA statement. The total sample consisted of 3,768 older adults with a mean age of 74.2. More than three-quarters (76%) of the articles studied older adults that lived in the community. evidenced Frailty was observed in the subjects in 23.8% of the articles. In 76% of the studies, a health professional was responsible for the program. Just under half (48%) of the studies were carried out in places equipped for exercise. The most frequent parameters used were two weekly 45 to 60-minute-long sessions for six months. The most frequent variables for physical health, psychological health, and cognitive function were muscle strength, social function, and memory, respectively. To assess physical health, psychological health, and cognitive function, the most frequent tools used were the timed up and go test (TUG), the geriatric depression scale (GDS), and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), respectively. It was concluded that there is an age and health profile of OA who participate in MCE. The parameters and times most frequently used in MCE, along with the most frequently used parameters and times were recorded. In addition, the variables of interest, and the tools used to evaluate the effects of MCE on physical and psychological health and cognitive functions, were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Zapata-Lamana
- Centro de Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Escuela de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Los Ángeles, Chile
| | - Natalia Ulloa
- Centro de Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Igor Cigarroa
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
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Motivation, Self-Concept and Discipline in Young Adolescents Who Practice Rhythmic Gymnastics. An Intervention. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7090135. [PMID: 32937905 PMCID: PMC7552725 DOI: 10.3390/children7090135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to develop an intervention based on TARGET strategies in young people practicing rhythmic gymnastics, with the aim of observing whether motivation, discipline, self-concept and flexibility are improved. This research is a longitudinal study of a quasi-experimental nature. A total of 104 young adolescents between the ages of 11 and 12 years (11.66 ± 0.47) participated in the study, of which 60 belong to the control group and 44 to the experimental group. The intervention programme lasted two months (17 sessions). TARGET strategies were applied to the experimental group during training. While the experimental group continued with its routine training. To measure the psychological variables, the instrument used were the Youth Physical Self-Concept Scale (C-PSQ), Reason Scale for Discipline (RSD) and Success Perception Questionnaire (SPQ), and for flexibility, the tests were applied to the Sit and Reach and Deep trunk flexion test. The results showed that those teenagers who participated in the intervention, obtained an increased climate task, which entails an enjoyment by the practice of physical activity itself, more optimal levels of physical self-concept and discipline, subsequently, obtaining better results of flexibility. While in the control group gymnasts the ego climate and demotivation increased. TARGET strategies applied to young adolescents have positive effects, improve motivation towards physical activity, self-concept and discipline. This results in greater performance in flexibility. This will encourage young adolescents to continue to engage in physical activity in the future.
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Parra-Rizo MA, Sanchis-Soler G. Satisfaction with Life, Subjective Well-Being and Functional Skills in Active Older Adults Based on Their Level of Physical Activity Practice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1299. [PMID: 32085450 PMCID: PMC7068550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies about the influence of physical activity on life satisfaction, functional ability and subjective well-being in physically active older adults without cognitive impairment are very few for the moment. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the life satisfaction, functional skills and subjective well-being of physically active older adults based on the level of activity practiced. The IPAQ (International Physical Activity), CUBRECAVI and LSIA (Life Satisfaction Index) scales were tested for a sample of 397 Spanish older adults between 61 and 93 years of age (M = 69.65; SD = 4.71). The results showed that those who performed high physical activity obtained higher scores in functional skills (p < 0.01) and in the activities of daily living (p < 0.01). In addition, subjective well-being (p < 0.01) and the functional autonomy of older adults (p < 0.01) were related to the level of physical activity that they practiced. In conclusion, it could be said that the older adults with a high level of physical activity have more functional skills and less difficulties performing the activities of daily living, and that they value their autonomy and health better.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Antonia Parra-Rizo
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Campus of Elche, Miguel Hernandez University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Gema Sanchis-Soler
- Department of General Didactics and Specific Didactics, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
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La Scala Teixeira CV, Evangelista AL, Pereira PEDA, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME, Bocalini DS, Behm DG. Complexity: A Novel Load Progression Strategy in Strength Training. Front Physiol 2019; 10:839. [PMID: 31354510 PMCID: PMC6616272 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo Eduardo de A Pereira
- Faculty of Physical Education, Praia Grande College (FPG), Praia Grande, Brazil.,Studies and Research Group of Exercise Physiology (GEPEFEX), Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo S Bocalini
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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