Brazilian transgender children and adolescents: Attributes associated with quality of life

Childhood Parental Neglect, Abuse and Rejection Among Transgender Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

We aimed to estimate the proportions of childhood parental neglect, abuse, and rejection and to evaluate the co-occurrence of these experiences among transgender women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample enrolled between July 2019 and March 2020, using an adapted version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Proportions and corresponding confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Kendall correlation with Tau-b estimator was used in the bivariate analyses. We gathered data from 139 participants. The most prevalent types of childhood traumas were emotional abuse (60.43%, 95% CI [51.79, 68.62]), physical abuse (57.55%, 95% CI [48.90, 65.89]) and sexual abuse (44.60%, 95% CI [36.18, 53.27]). Severe to extreme physical and emotional abuse occurred among 40.29% (95% CI [32.06, 48.93]) and 5.75% (95% CI [2.51, 11.02]) of participants, respectively. The proportion of parental rejection (eviction) was 32.37% (95% CI [25.04, 40.69]) and occurred with the other forms of abuse, except sexual abuse. Multiple types of childhood abuse, neglect, and parental rejection were observed among transgender women in our sample. The harmful effects of childhood abuse on the mental and physical health of people in the transgender population are of concern, particularly considering the cumulative effect produced by the co-occurrence of such events and their harmful lifetime effects. It is urgently necessary to debate and formulate public policies to ensure the right to gender expression from childhood.

Best Nursing Practice: Safe and Inclusive Healthcare Environments for Transgender People: A Systematic Review

(1) Background: The aim of this study was to review the scope of the existing scientific literature on creating safe and inclusive healthcare environments for transgender people and provide an overview of the resources and nursing skills required to do so. (2) Methods: With the research question in mind, an exploratory search of six databases was conducted to identify all relevant primary studies. After screening and selection of articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 41 articles were included and reviewed. (3) Results: The results were classified under four headings: the training of health professionals, the creation of safe spaces, the nurse as facilitator, and best care practice. Most of the evidence indicates that it is essential for nurses and other healthcare staff to be trained in specific skills to provide comprehensive, high-quality care to transgender people; however, there is a lack of material and human resources to do so. (4) Conclusions: The trans-inclusive care competent nurse should use neutral language that respects the person's preferred name and pronouns in a safe healthcare environment that offers and ensures warmth, respect, and inclusivity in the care provided. This study was registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF) on 9 January 2024 (osf.io/rpj6a).

Integral health care for transgender adolescents: subsidies for nursing practice

OBJECTIVE

to analyze the integral health care for transgender adolescents from the perspective of their guardians.

METHOD

qualitative research based on the Social Network framework proposed by Lia Sanicola, developed with 22 guardians of transgender adolescents in Brazil through semi-structured individual online interviews. The empirical material was analyzed using the content analysis technique, thematic modality.

RESULTS

lack of ambience was observed, in addition to technical unpreparedness of health professionals in relation to the theme at all levels of care, transphobia, centralization of care in scarce qualified services for transgender children and youth, absence of family support, lack of health promotion actions within the community, especially in the school environment, and the common support from non-governmental initiatives.

CONCLUSION

the centralization of actions in scarce specialized services in the country, and the structural transphobia can compromise the integral health care for transgender adolescents. There is an urgent need for a network of care capable of assisting the joint action by multi and interdisciplinary teams, with greater proactivity of the nurse with the transgender adolescent and their guardians in individual and collective actions; ambience; health promotion in schools for visibility and support in Primary Health Care since childhood.

HIGHLIGHTS

(1) Need for a network of care concerning integral health care for transgender adolescents.(2) Centralization and scarce qualified services for transgender children and youth.(3) Invisible families, lack of health promotion within the community.(4) Unpreparedness of health professionals and disarticulation of the health care network.(5) Need for qualification of nurses when caring for transgender people.

Atención integral a la salud de los adolescentes transgénero: subsidios para la práctica de la Enfermería

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la atención integral a la salud de los adolescentes transgénero desde la perspectiva de sus responsables. Método: estudio cualitativo basado en el marco de la Red Social propuesto por Lia Sanicola, desarrollado con 22 responsables de adolescentes transgénero en Brasil a partir de entrevistas en línea individuales semiestructuradas. El material empírico fue analizado mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: se ha evidenciado la falta de ambiente y preparación técnica de los profesionales de la salud con relación al tema en todos los niveles de atención, transfobia, centralización del cuidado en los pocos servicios habilitados para personas trans en el período infantojuvenil, invisibilidad del apoyo a la familia, ausencia de acciones de promoción de la salud en el ámbito comunitario, especialmente en la escuela, y la acogida comúnmente por las iniciativas no gubernamentales. Conclusión: la centralización de acciones en los pocos servicios especializados del país y la transfobia estructural pueden comprometer la atención integral en salud de los adolescentes trans. Urge una línea de cuidado capaz de auxiliar la acción conjunta de un equipo multi e interdisciplinario, con mayor proactividad del enfermero con el adolescente transgénero y sus responsables en acciones individuales y colectivas; ambiente; promoción de la salud en las escuelas para la visibilidad y acogida en la Atención Primaria de la Salud desde la infancia.

Rupturas biográficas por la pandemia del COVID-19 en adolescentes y jóvenes hombres trans y transmasculinos: demandas para la enfermería

Resumen Objetivo: comprender las rupturas biográficas provocadas por la pandemia del COVID-19 en adolescentes y jóvenes hombres trans y personas transmasculinas en el contexto de Brasil. Método: estudio cualitativo - encuesta en línea - multicéntrico. Participaron 97 hombres trans y 22 personas transmasculinas autoidentificadas, que respondieron un formulario semiestructurado en dos etapas. Los datos se sometieron al Análisis de Contenido Temático Reflexivo. La interpretación se realizó sobre una base sociológica a partir del concepto de ruptura biográfica. Resultados: surgieron cinco categorías: interrupción de la terapia hormonal, cirugías y seguimiento especializado; malestares precipitados por la interrupción de las características masculinas, autoimagen, autopercepción e identidad; vulnerabilidad por la pérdida de familiares y seres queridos, empleo y debilitamiento de las redes de apoyo; aparición de problemas psicoemocionales, como la pérdida del sentido de la vida; demandas de atención de enfermería y valoración de la vida de adolescentes y jóvenes transexuales en el pospandemia. Conclusión: las rupturas biográficas provocadas por la pandemia amenazaron las identidades de los hombres trans y personas transmasculinas adolescentes y jóvenes, produjeron degradación y discontinuidad de las biografías, llevándolas a perder el sentido de la vida. Los profesionales de enfermería pueden ser estratégicos e imprescindibles en la superación de estas amenazas al promover una intervención anticipada.

Atenção integral à saúde dos adolescentes transgêneros: subsídios para a prática da Enfermagem

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a atenção integral à saúde dos adolescentes transgêneros na perspectiva dos seus responsáveis. Método: estudo qualitativo fundamentado no referencial Rede Social proposto por Lia Sanicola, desenvolvido com 22 responsáveis por adolescentes transgêneros no Brasil por meio de entrevistas online individuais semiestruturadas. O material empírico foi analisado com a utilização da técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Resultados: Foram evidenciados a falta de ambiência e despreparo técnico de profissionais da saúde em relação à temática em todos os níveis de atenção, transfobia, centralização do cuidado em escassos serviços habilitados para pessoas trans no período infantojuvenil, invisibilidade do apoio à família, ausência de ações de promoção da saúde no âmbito comunitário, sobretudo, escolar, e, ainda, o acolhimento promovido, comumente, pelas iniciativas não governamentais. Conclusão: a centralização de ações em escassos serviços especializados no país e a transfobia estrutural podem comprometer a atenção integral à saúde dos adolescentes trans. Urge a necessidade de uma linha de cuidado capaz de auxiliar a atuação conjunta por equipe multi e interdisciplinar com maior proatividade do enfermeiro junto ao adolescente trans e seus responsáveis por meio de ações individuais e coletivas; ambiência; promoção da saúde nas escolas para visibilidade e acolhimento na Atenção Primária à Saúde desde a infância.

Biographical ruptures by the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent and young trans men and transmasculine people: demands for nursing

Abstract Objective: to understand the biographical ruptures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent and young trans men and transmasculine people in the Brazilian context. Method: qualitative study - multicenter, online survey. A total of 97 self-identified trans men and 22 transmasculine people participated and completed a semi-structured form in two stages. The data was subjected to Reflective Thematic Content Analysis. The interpretation was made on a sociological basis, based on the concept of biographical rupture. Results: five categories were derived: interruption of hormonization, surgeries and specialized follow-up; discomforts caused by the rupture of masculine characteristics, self-image, self-perception, and identity; vulnerability from the losses of family members and significant people, employment, and weakening of support networks; emergence of psycho-emotional problems, such as loss of meaning in life; demands for nursing care and valuing the life of transmasculine adolescents and young men in post-pandemic times. Conclusion: the biographical ruptures caused by the pandemic threatened the identities of trans and transmasculine people of adolescents and youth, degraded and interrupted biographies, leading them to the loss of meaning in life. Nursing professionals can be strategic and essential in overcoming threats by intervening early.

Rupturas biográficas pela pandemia da COVID-19 sobre adolescentes e jovens homens trans e transmasculinos: demandas para a enfermagem

Resumo Objetivo: compreender as rupturas biográficas causadas pela pandemia da COVID-19 sobre adolescentes e jovens homens trans e pessoas transmasculinas no contexto do Brasil. Método: estudo qualitativo - survey on-line, multicêntrico. Participaram 97 homens trans e 22 pessoas transmasculinas, autoidentificados, que responderam formulário semiestruturado em duas etapas. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo Temática Reflexiva. Realizou-se a interpretação com base sociológica, a partir do conceito de ruptura biográfica. Resultados: derivadas cinco categorias: interrupção da hormonização, cirurgias e acompanhamento especializado; desconfortos precipitados pela ruptura das características masculinas, autoimagem, autopercepção e identidade; vulnerabilidade a partir das perdas de familiares e pessoas significativas, emprego e fragilização das redes de apoio; emergência de problemas psicoemocionais, como perda do sentido da vida; demandas para o cuidado de enfermagem e valorização da vida de adolescentes e jovens transmasculinos no pós-pandemia. Conclusão: as rupturas biográficas provocadas pela pandemia ameaçaram as identidades de homens trans e pessoas transmasculinas de adolescentes e jovens, produziram degradação e descontinuidade das biografias, conduzindo-os à perda de sentido da vida. Profissionais de enfermagem podem ser estratégicos e essenciais na superação das ameaças, intervindo antecipadamente.

Towards Making an Invisible Diversity Visible: A Study of Socially Structured Barriers for Purple Collar Employees in the Workplace

Eunuchs and members of the transgender community are yet to be recognized as an effective human resource and this diversity in the workforce is still invisible. A tiny portion of the transgender community is employed, and they are tagged as purple collar employees. It is generally claimed that coworkers do not accept members of the transgender community in the workplace and are not willing to work with them due to their different personal, social, and work-related characteristics. This study aimed to investigate coworkers’ attitudes towards transgender colleagues and their willingness to work with them in the workplace. We selected the Punjab province of Pakistan as the context for the study where more than five hundred thousand members of the transgender community live. We collected data from 363 randomly selected respondents working in an organization where transgender people also worked. We applied Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze the data. Our findings revealed that coworkers do not hesitate to work with transgender people merely based on their biological differences. Coworkers’ willingness was more influenced by social attributes (trust and support) and work attributes (knowledge, ability, and motivation) irrespective of gender differences. The study strongly suggests tapping this invisible human resource and mainstreaming this resource to emancipate transgender people from poverty and to bring a productive diversity in the workforce. Government should frame policies to provide all human rights including national identity, health and educational facilities, and organizations should provide transgender people with jobs to properly utilize this untapped human resource.