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Botchway P, Amuzu-Aweh E, Naazie A, Aning G, Otsyina H, Saelao P, Wang Y, Zhou H, Walugembe M, Dekkers J, Lamont S, Gallardo R, Kelly T, Bunn D, Kayang B. Host response to successive challenges with lentogenic and velogenic Newcastle disease virus in local chickens of Ghana. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102138. [PMID: 36126448 PMCID: PMC9489513 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease that constantly threatens poultry production. The velogenic (highly virulent) form of ND inflicts the most damage and can lead to 100% mortality in unvaccinated village chicken flocks. This study sought to characterize responses of local chickens in Ghana after challenging them with lentogenic and velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains. At 4 wk of age, chicks were challenged with lentogenic NDV. Traits measured were pre- and post-lentogenic infection growth rates (GR), viral load at 2 and 6 d post-lentogenic infection (DPI), viral clearance rate and antibody levels at 10 DPI. Subsequently, the chickens were naturally exposed to velogenic NDV (vNDV) after anti-NDV antibody titers had waned to levels ≤1:1,700. Body weights and blood samples were again collected for analysis. Finally, chickens were euthanized and lesion scores (LS) across tissues were recorded. Post-velogenic exposure GR; antibody levels at 21 and 34 days post-velogenic exposure (DPE); LS for trachea, proventriculus, intestines, and cecal tonsils; and average LS across tissues were measured. Variance components and heritabilities were estimated for all traits using univariate animal models. Mean pre- and post-lentogenic NDV infection GRs were 6.26 g/day and 7.93 g/day, respectively, but mean post-velogenic NDV exposure GR was −1.96 g/day. Mean lesion scores ranged from 0.52 (trachea) to 1.33 (intestine), with males having significantly higher (P < 0.05) lesion scores compared to females. Heritability estimates for the lentogenic NDV trial traits ranged from moderate (0.23) to high (0.55) whereas those for the vNDV natural exposure trial were very low (≤ 0.08). Therefore, in contrast to the vNDV exposure trial, differences in the traits measured in the lentogenic challenge were more affected by genetics and thus selection for these traits may be more feasible compared to those following vNDV exposure. Our results can form the basis for identifying local chickens with improved resilience in the face of NDV infection for selective breeding to improve productivity.
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Epidemiology of Newcastle disease in poultry in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:214. [PMID: 35705876 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03198-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study intended to determine the prevalence of Newcastle disease in unvaccinated backyard poultry in Africa. Using the PRISMA approach, a systematic review and meta-analysis of 107 epidemiological studies was conducted. The meta-analysis identified significant variation of both seroprevalence (I2 = 99.38, P = 0.00) and Newcastle disease virus prevalence (I2 = 99.52, P = 0.00) reported in various studies included in this review. Publication bias was not detected in either case. Seroprevalence of Newcastle disease was 40.2 (95%CI 32.9-47.8). Seroprevalence was significantly influenced by sampling frame and the African region where the studies were conducted. The prevalence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was 12% (95%CI 7.3-17.8), and the variation was influenced by sampling frame, diagnostic test, and regions where the studies were conducted. Also, Newcastle disease (ND) accounted for 33.1% (95%CI 11.9-58.1) of sick chickens. Results also indicated that genotypes VI and VII are widely distributed in all countries included in the study. However, genotype V is restricted in East Africa, and genotypes XIV, XVII, and XVIII are restricted in West and Central Africa. On the other hand, genotype XI occurs in Madagascar only. In addition, virulent genotypes were isolated from apparently healthy and sick birds. It is concluded that several genotypes of NDV are circulating and maintained within the poultry population. African countries should therefore strengthen surveillance systems, be able to study the viruses circulating in their territories, and establish control programs.
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Shoyombo AJ, Yakubu A, Adebambo AO, Popoola MA, Olafadehan OA, Wheto M, Alabi OO, Osaiyuwu HO, Ukim CI, Olayanju A, Adebambo OA. Characterisation of indigenous helmeted guinea fowls in Nigeria for meat and egg production. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2021.1974287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Shoyombo
- Department of Animal Science, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - A. Yakubu
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, Lafia, Nigeria
| | - A. O. Adebambo
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - M. A. Popoola
- National Biotechnology Development Agency, Tertiary Education Trust Fund, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O. A. Olafadehan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - M. Wheto
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - O. O. Alabi
- Department of Animal Science, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - H. O. Osaiyuwu
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - C. I. Ukim
- Tertiary Education Trust Fund, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - A. Olayanju
- Department of Animal Science, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - O. A. Adebambo
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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Naf'an MK, Kurniasih K, Untari T, Prakoso YA. Development of a coagglutination kit as a rapid test for diagnosing Newcastle disease in poultry. Vet World 2020; 13:1719-1724. [PMID: 33061250 PMCID: PMC7522963 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1719-1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Newcastle disease (ND) is a viral infection that causes high mortality and economic loss in the poultry industry. The Office International des Epizooties (OIE) recommends several diagnostic methods for the detection of ND, including isolation and molecular tests. However, these detection methods are time-consuming and highly expensive. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a coagglutination kit as a novel diagnostic tool for ND in the poultry industry. Materials and Methods: Two adult male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2.5 kg were vaccinated using ND life vaccine intraperitoneally. The vaccination was conducted once a week for 4 weeks with multilevel doses. Rabbits’ serum was collected at week 6 and inactivated at 56°C for 30 min. The serum was precipitated using ammonium sulfate and reacted with protein A of Staphylococcus aureus to produce the agglutination kit for detecting ND virus. A total of 25 chickens suspected with ND infection from a local poultry farm in Yogyakarta were used as the test samples. The chickens were necropsied, and the brain, spleen, lung, intestine, and feces were collected. Half of these organs were subjected to tests using the coagglutination kit and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The other half was processed for histopathology. Data were analyzed qualitatively. Results: Of the 25 samples, 13 (52%) were positive for ND infection when tested using both the ND coagglutination kit and RT-PCR. The positive samples also exhibited several histopathological changes, including perivascular cuffing surrounding the cerebral blood–brain barrier, hemorrhagic pneumonia, splenitis, and necrotic hemorrhage enteritis. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the ND coagglutination kit could be used as a novel diagnostic tool for the detection of ND virus infection in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kholish Naf'an
- Student of Master of Sciences Degree, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kurniasih Kurniasih
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Untari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yos Adi Prakoso
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
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Walugembe M, Amuzu-Aweh EN, Botchway PK, Naazie A, Aning G, Wang Y, Saelao P, Kelly T, Gallardo RA, Zhou H, Lamont SJ, Kayang BB, Dekkers JCM. Genetic Basis of Response of Ghanaian Local Chickens to Infection With a Lentogenic Newcastle Disease Virus. Front Genet 2020; 11:739. [PMID: 32849779 PMCID: PMC7402339 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a global threat to domestic poultry, especially in rural areas of Africa and Asia, where the loss of entire backyard local chicken flocks often threatens household food security and income. To investigate the genetics of Ghanaian local chicken ecotypes to Newcastle disease virus (NDV), in this study, three popular Ghanaian chicken ecotypes (regional populations) were challenged with a lentogenic NDV strain at 28 days of age. This study was conducted in parallel with a similar study that used three popular Tanzanian local chicken ecotypes and after two companion studies in the United States, using Hy-line Brown commercial laying birds. In addition to growth rate, NDV response traits were measured following infection, including anti-NDV antibody levels [pre-infection and 10 days post-infection (dpi)], and viral load (2 and 6 dpi). Genetic parameters were estimated, and two genome-wide association study analysis methods were used on data from 1,440 Ghanaian chickens that were genotyped on a chicken 600K Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) chip. Both Ghana and Tanzania NDV challenge studies revealed moderate to high (0.18 – 0.55) estimates of heritability for all traits, except viral clearance where the heritability estimate was not different from zero for the Tanzanian ecotypes. For the Ghana study, 12 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for growth and/or response to NDV from single-SNP analyses and 20 genomic regions that explained more than 1% of genetic variance using the Bayes B method were identified. Seven of these windows were also identified as having at least one significant SNP in the single SNP analyses for growth rate, anti-NDV antibody levels, and viral load at 2 and 6 dpi. An important gene for growth during stress, CHORDC1 associated with post-infection growth rate was identified as a positional candidate gene, as well as other immune related genes, including VAV2, IL12B, DUSP1, and IL17B. The QTL identified in the Ghana study did not overlap with those identified in the Tanzania study. However, both studies revealed QTL with genes vital for growth and immune response during NDV challenge. The Tanzania parallel study revealed an overlapping QTL on chromosome 24 for viral load at 6 dpi with the US NDV study in which birds were challenged with NDV under heat stress. This QTL region includes genes related to immune response, including TIRAP, ETS1, and KIRREL3. The moderate to high estimates of heritability and the identified QTL suggest that host response to NDV of local African chicken ecotypes can be improved through selective breeding to enhance increased NDV resistance and vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Walugembe
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.,Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Esinam N Amuzu-Aweh
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Princess K Botchway
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Augustine Naazie
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - George Aning
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ying Wang
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Perot Saelao
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Terra Kelly
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Rodrigo A Gallardo
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Susan J Lamont
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.,Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Boniface B Kayang
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.,Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Daodu OB, Aiyedun JO, Kadir RA, Ambali HM, Oludairo OO, Olorunshola ID, Daodu OC, Baba SS. Awareness and antibody detection of Newcastle disease virus in a neglected society in Nigeria. Vet World 2019; 12:112-118. [PMID: 30936663 PMCID: PMC6431813 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.112-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of rural poultry farmers on vaccination and to detect Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibody in local birds (LB) and eggs in Kwara State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods Data on farmers' attitude, knowledge, practices, and experiences on ND mortality were obtained through an interview using a structured cross-sectional checklist. NDV antibodies were detected in sera and egg yolks of local chickens (LC) and guinea fowls (GF) using hemagglutination inhibition test. Results A total of 83 interviewees, 287 sera and 121 egg yolk extracts, were examined. The study revealed that 98.8% (82/83) of the interviewee had never vaccinated their flock before. 90% of the interviewee had reported high mortality in birds within 1-6 months old, while the major clinical signs were cold (40.4%) and torticollis (30.8%). Evidences of LB exposure to wild-type NDV were confirmed by the detection of NDV antibodies in 20.8% and 0% of LC and GF, respectively. The mortality differences experiencedin <1 and 1-6 months old LB could be explained by the presence of maternally-derived NDV antibody (49.6%) in egg yolk. Conclusion The study showed that LB suffers from NDV as a result of LB keepers' ignorance and neglect by the government. This has limited local investment and subsequent contribution to gross domestic product. This study suggests that the key factors to the prevention of ND remain awareness creation about poultry vaccination, production of affordable vaccines, and availability/accessibility to veterinarian (or trained personnel).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Babatunde Daodu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
| | - Julius Olaniyi Aiyedun
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
| | - Rafiu Adebisi Kadir
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
| | - Hauwa Motunrayo Ambali
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
| | - Oladapo Oyedeji Oludairo
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
| | - Isaac Dayo Olorunshola
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
| | - Oluwakemi Christiana Daodu
- Department of Wildlife and Ecotourism, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
| | - Saka Saheed Baba
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa
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7
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Oyebanji VO, Emikpe BO, Omolade AO, Odeniyi MO, Salami A, Osowole OI, Kasali OB, Akinboade OA. Evaluation of immune response in challenged chickens vaccinated with Newcastle disease vaccine using gums from Cedrela odorata and Khaya senegalensis as delivery agents. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2016; 38:378-388. [PMID: 28010157 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2016.1273237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Immune response of challenged chickens following previous vaccinations with Newcastle disease vaccine using gums from Cedrela odorata and Khaya senegalensis as delivery agent were evaluated. Two hundred and fifty-two one-day old chickens were divided into vaccine-gum oral (GVOR), vaccine-gum ocular (GVOC), vaccine oral (VOR), vaccine ocular (VOC), gum oral (GOR), gum ocular (GOC), No-gum-no-vaccine/challenged (NGNV/C), and No-gum-no-vaccine/unchallenged (NGNV/U) groups. They were vaccinated at days 21 & 42 and challenged at day 84. Trachea and intestinal washings were collected at intervals as well as weekly serum samples. These were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for mucosal and systemic IgG response (MA and SA). Statistical analysis was done using Omnibus one-way ANOVA. MA and SA were not different (P > 0.05) post first and second vaccination although gum-vaccine groups were marginally higher post second vaccination. Post Infection (PI), there was an early and sustained spike in both MA and SA for the GV groups especially GVOR (P < 0.05). MA and SA for the Gum alone (especially GOR) groups also spiked PI (P < 0.05). Therefore, phytogenic polymers used could be said to possess immunopotentiating property with a possible induction of immunologic memory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- V O Oyebanji
- a Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.,c Center for Control and Prevention of Zoonoses (CCPZ), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - B O Emikpe
- a Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.,b Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine , Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology , Kumasi , Ghana.,c Center for Control and Prevention of Zoonoses (CCPZ), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - A Oladele Omolade
- d Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - M O Odeniyi
- e Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - A Salami
- f Department of Botany, Faculty of Science , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - O I Osowole
- g Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - O B Kasali
- a Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - O A Akinboade
- h Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
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