Efficacy of a bioactive material and nanostructured desensitizing on dentin hypersensitivity treatment

Application of Nanohydroxyapatite in Medicine-A Narrative Review

This review is an extensive collection of the latest literature describing the current knowledge about nanohydroxyapatite in a comprehensive way. These are hydroxyapatite particles with a size below 100 nm. Due to their size, the surface area to mass ratio of the particles increases. They are widely used in medicine due to their high potential in regenerative medicine, as a carrier of various substances, e.g., in targeted therapy. The aim of this article is to present the biological and physicochemical properties as well as the use of nanohydroxyapatite in modern medicine. Due to the potential of nanohydroxyapatite in medicine, further research is needed.

Clinical Evidence of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite in Oral Care Products for Reducing Dentin Hypersensitivity: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a very common dental problem that can have a negative impact on the quality of life and can lead to invasive dental procedures. Prevention of DH and control of symptoms are highly desirable. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been shown in vitro to block dentinal tubules and in vivo to be a safe and effective additive in oral care products that reduce DH clinically. This study's aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current evidence that HAP-containing oral care products reduce DH. Databases were searched, and only clinical trials in humans were included; studies conducted in vitro or on animals were not included. Publications in a foreign language were translated and included. We found 44 published clinical trials appropriate for systematic analysis. More than half of the trials had high-quality GRADE scores. HAP significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity compared to placebo (39.5%; CI 95% [48.93; 30.06]), compared to fluoride (23%; CI 95% [34.18; 11.82]), and with a non-significant tendency compared to other desensitizing agents (10.2%; CI 95% [21.76; -19.26]). In conclusion, the meta-analysis showed that HAP added to oral care products is a more effective agent than fluoride in controlling dentin hypersensitivity and may be superior to other desensitizers.

Effect of 45S5 bioactive glass on the microshear bond strength of dental fluorosis

The aim of this in vitro study was to estimate the effect of the species concentration of 45S5 bioactive glass (BAG) used as pretreatment on the microshear bond strength (MSBS) of dental fluorosis (DF). Based on the Thylstrup and Fejerskov index, 80 teeth were randomly divided equally into four groups: TFI 0, sound dentin; TFI 1-3, mild fluorosis; TFI 4-5, moderate fluorosis; and TFI 6-9, severe fluorosis. Each group was randomized into five subgroups. After preparing the dentin hypersensitivity model of DF, the dentin was pretreated as follows, Subgroup 1: deionized water (Control group); Subgroup 2: 1% BAG; Subgroup 3: 5% BAG; Subgroup 4: 10% BAG, and Subgroup 5: 20% BAG. Stochastically one specimen was selected from each subgroup for scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer analysis. After being made of resin-tooth bonding samples, the remains were in water bath at 37 °C for 24 hr. Subsequently, samples from each subgroup were randomly selected to test MSBS without aging, or after a thermocycle of 5,000 and 10,000 times, respectively. The fracture modes were analyzed. Compared with the group of 1% BAG and Control, the exposure area of tubules in 5%, 10%, and 20% BAG group had significant difference (p < .05). MSBS results indicated that there were significant differences between 10% BAG with other groups. The 20% BAG group showed the lowest MSBS among all groups. Pretreatment of 10% BAG solution may be conductive to enhance the bond strength of DF, while 20% BAG solution adversely.

Bioactive toothpastes in dentin hypersensitivity treatment: A systematic review

The use of bioactive materials is a recent proposal in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) due to the ability to stimulate the neoformation of a barrier on dentin surface. Questions have arisen about the effectiveness of the materials to reduce DH when compared to the control groups (placebo or non-bioactive substance). Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the randomized controlled trials in adult patients for DH treatment with a dentifrice containing bioactive glass, applied either at-home or in-office. Methods: The study was registered in PROSPERO and followed PRISMA guidelines. Searches were carried out in four databases (Pubmed/Medline, CENTRAL, Wbb of Science, LILACS) spanning from February 2020 to March 2020, with no language or publication date restrictions. A supplementary hand-search was performed by checking the list of references. The so-called gray literature of the national and international databases for theses and dissertations, as well as unfinished, in progress and unpublished studies were also searched. Results: After reading the titles and abstracts, articles that were duplicated (74 records) or unrelated to the systematic review (76 records) were excluded. Fifteen studies were evaluated considering seven at low risk of bias, four at high risk and four at moderate risk. Conclusion: The bioactive compounds at low concentrations (2.5–7.5%) can be used as treatment of DH both at-home and in-office.